Review of Acute Traumatic Closed Mallet Finger Injuries in Adults

Botero, Santiago Salazar,Diaz, Juan Jose Hidalgo,Benaida, Anissa,Collon, Sylvie,Facca, Sybille,Liverneaux, Philippe Andre Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2016 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.43 No.2

In adults, mallet finger is a traumatic zone I lesion of the extensor tendon with either tendon rupture or bony avulsion at the base of the distal phalanx. High-energy mechanisms of injury generally occur in young men, whereas lower energy mechanisms are observed in elderly women. The mechanism of injury is an axial load applied to a straight digit tip, which is then followed by passive extreme distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) hyperextension or hyperflexion. Mallet finger is diagnosed clinically, but an X-ray should always be performed. Tubiana's classification takes into account the size of the bony articular fragment and DIPJ subluxation. We propose to stage subluxated fractures as stage III if the subluxation is reducible with a splint and as stage IV if not. Left untreated, mallet finger becomes chronic and leads to a swan-neck deformity and DIPJ osteoarthritis. The goal of treatment is to restore active DIPJ extension. The results of a six- to eight-week conservative course of treatment with a DIPJ splint in slight hyperextension for tendon lesions or straight for bony avulsions depends on patient compliance. Surgical treatments vary in terms of the approach, the reduction technique, and the means of fixation. The risks involved are stiffness, septic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Given the lack of consensus regarding indications for treatment, we propose to treat all cases of mallet finger with a dorsal glued splint except for stage IV mallet finger, which we treat with extra-articular pinning.

Review of Acute Traumatic Closed Mallet Finger Injuries in Adults

Santiago Salazar Botero,Juan Jose Hidalgo Diaz,Anissa Benaïda,Sylvie Collon,Sybille Facca,Philippe André Liverneaux 대한성형외과학회 2016 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.43 No.2

In adults, mallet finger is a traumatic zone I lesion of the extensor tendon with either tendon rupture or bony avulsion at the base of the distal phalanx. High-energy mechanisms of injury generally occur in young men, whereas lower energy mechanisms are observed in elderly women. The mechanism of injury is an axial load applied to a straight digit tip, which is then followed by passive extreme distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) hyperextension or hyperflexion. Mallet finger is diagnosed clinically, but an X-ray should always be performed. Tubiana’s classification takes into account the size of the bony articular fragment and DIPJ subluxation. We propose to stage subluxated fractures as stage III if the subluxation is reducible with a splint and as stage IV if not. Left untreated, mallet finger becomes chronic and leads to a swan-neck deformity and DIPJ osteoarthritis. The goal of treatment is to restore active DIPJ extension. The results of a six- to eight-week conservative course of treatment with a DIPJ splint in slight hyperextension for tendon lesions or straight for bony avulsions depends on patient compliance. Surgical treatments vary in terms of the approach, the reduction technique, and the means of fixation. The risks involved are stiffness, septic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Given the lack of consensus regarding indications for treatment, we propose to treat all cases of mallet finger with a dorsal glued splint except for stage IV mallet finger, which we treat with extra-articular pinning.

Synthesis and characterization of a silver nanoparticle-containing polymer composite with antimicrobial abilities for application in prosthetic and orthotic devices

Catalina Quintero-Quiroz,Luz E. Botero,Diana Zárate-Triviño,Natalia Acevedo-Yepes,Jorge Saldarriaga Escobar,Vera Z. Pérez,Luis Javier Cruz Riano 한국생체재료학회 2020 생체재료학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Background: The presence of skin problems in patients using external lower limb prosthesis is recurrent. This has generated the need to develop interfaces for prosthesis with the ability to control microbial growth. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been implemented in the development of biomaterials because of their high antimicrobial activity. This article discusses the development of an AgNP-containing polymer composite with antimicrobial activity for developing prosthetic liners. Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using a photochemical method and certain physicochemical properties were characterized. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was assessed on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). AgNPs were incorporated into a silicon elastomer to assess certain physicomechanical properties, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of the material. Results: Themaximum antimicrobial activity of the material against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 andMRSA was 41.58% ±2.97% at AgNP concentration of 32.98 μg/mL and 14.85% ±5.94% at AgNP concentration of 16.49 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, the material exhibited tensile yield strength, rupture tensile strength, and tensile modulus of elasticity of 0.70 - 1.10 MPa, 0.71–1.06 MPa, and 0.20 - 0.30 MPa, respectively. The mechanical characteristics of the material were within the acceptable range for use in external lower limb prosthetic and orthotic interfaces. Conclusions: It was possible to incorporate the AgNPs in a silicone elastomer, finding that the composite developed presented antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and MRSA when compared to non-AgNP material samples.

Optimization of silver nanoparticle synthesis by chemical reduction and evaluation of its antimicrobial and toxic activity

Catalina Quintero-Quiroz,Natalia Acevedo,Jenniffer Zapata-Giraldo,Luz E. Botero,Julián Quintero,Diana Zárate-Triviño,Jorge Saldarriaga,Vera Z. Pérez 한국생체재료학회 2020 생체재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Background: Chemical reduction has become an accessible and useful alternative to obtain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). However, its toxicity capacity depends on multiple variables that generate differences in the ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, optimazing parameters for the synthesis of AgNPs can increase its antimicrobial capacity by improving its physical-chemical properties. Methods: In this study a Face Centered Central Composite Design (FCCCD) was carried out with four parameters: AgNO3 concentration, sodium citrate (TSC) concentration, NaBH4 concentration and the pH of the reaction with the objective of inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The response variables were the average size of AgNPs, the peak with the greatest intensity in the size distribution, the polydispersity of the nanoparticle size and the yield of the process. AgNPs obtained from the optimization were characterized physically and chemically. The antimicrobial activity of optimized AgNPs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli AmpC resistant, and Candida albicans and compared with AgNPs before optimization. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the optimized AgNPs was evaluated by the colorimetric assay MTT (3- (4,5- Dimethylthiazol- 2- yl)- 2, 5 - Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide). Results: It was found that the four factors studied were significant for the response variables, and a significant model (p <0.05) was obtained for each variable. The optimal conditions were 8 for pH and 0.01 M, 0.0 6M, 0.01 M for the concentration of TSC, AgNO3, and NaBH4, respectively. Optimized AgNPs spherical and hemispherical were obtained, and 67.66% of it had a diameter less than 10.30 nm. A minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of optimized AgNPs was found against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli AmpC resistant, and Candida albicans at 19.89, 9.94, 9.94, 2.08 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) of optimized AgNPs was found on 19.11 μg/mL and 19.60 μg/mL to Vero and NiH3T3 cells, respectively. Conclusions: It was found that the factors studied were significant for the variable responses and the optimization process used was effective to improve the antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs.

A New Approach to Receding Horizon State Estimation for LTI Systems in the Presence of Non-uniform Sampled Measurements

Jhon A. Isaza-Hurtado,John J. Martinez,Hector A. Botero-Castro 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.3

This paper proposes a recursive solution as an estimation strategy that incorporates non-uniform sampledmeasurements for a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems. The estimator is based on a modified Receding HorizonEstimator. The proposed approach allows system states to be recursively estimated, reducing estimation error byincluding measurements available at different sampling times, using a well-known structure. A discussion of theobservability of the system in the presence of non-uniform measurements and the convergence conditions of theproposed estimator are also presented. Finally, numerical simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposedestimator in comparison with a method using a Kalman filter with augmented state widely reported in the literature.

Effect of Carbon-Doping on Microstructure and Nanomechanical/Tribological Behavior of Ti–B–C Coatings onto H13 Steel

E. Contreras,D. Grisales,W. Tillmann,A. Hurtado‑Macias,M. A. Gómez‑Botero 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8

Due to its high hardness, chemical and thermal resistance, TiB2has become a great candidate to be used as a protective coating. However, high residual stresses after the deposition and brittleness have become the main obstacles for implementation atindustrial levels. In the present work, the incorporation of graphite was studied as an alternative to improve the performanceof the TiB2coatings and study the influence in the microstructure, Nano mechanical and tribological properties. Ti–B–Ccoatings were deposited with different carbon contents of 10, 20, 28 and 38 at%. XRD results showed that the carbon atomsenter within the crystal lattice of the TiB2forming a solid solution, and consequently, deforming crystal and modifying itslattice parameter of 3.2237–3.3414 Å. HRTEM images and selected area electron diffraction patterns analysis display thelow crystallite or degree of amorphosity due to the carbon concentration (C1.9 mol). Compressive residual stresses decreasein the coatings containing the higher amounts of carbon. The formation of a TiB2-C solid solution contributed to the incrementof nanohardness (H = 25 GPa) and improvement of the resistance to plastic deformation (H3/E2) of coatings. Regardingthe tribological behaviour of the coatings, higher friction coefficient than those obtained on the uncoated substrate wereobserved. However, a reduction of the wear rate was also evident. The presence of a high amount of debris and severe wearof the counterpart material indicates a highly aggressive tribological contact. Roll-like debris with a shape of needles wasfound within the tribological tracks perpendicular to the sliding direction.

Influence of lasing parameters on the morphology and electrical resistance of polyimide-based laser-induced graphene (LIG)

de la Roche Jhonattan,López-Cifuentes Isabella,Jaramillo-Botero Andres 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) uses a CO2 infrared laser scriber for transforming specific polymer substrates into porous graphene. This technique is simple, scalable, low-cost, free of chemicals, and produces a 3D graphene for applications across many fields. However, the resulting 3D graphene is highly sensitive to the lasing parameters used in their production. Here, we report the effects of power, raster speed, number of lasing passes (with and without spot overlapping) on the resulting LIG structure, morphology, and sheet resistance, using a polyimide (PI) substrate. We find that the number of lasing passes, laser spot overlapping and brand of PI used had a strong influence on the quality of the LIG, measured in terms of the IG/ID and I2D Raman bands and sheet resistance. Increasing number of passes and overlapping of laser spots led to increased LIG pore sizes, larger graphene scales, and reduced sheet resistance. Furthermore, the over-the-counter desktop CO2 laser engraving unit used introduced additional restrictions that limited the quality of the LIG produced, particularly due to inconsistent control of the laser scribing speed and a poor thermal management of the laser unit.