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Sun, H.,Kim, Y.,Kim, Y. C.,Park, I. K.,Suhr, J.,Byun, D.,Choi, H. R.,Kuk, K.,Baek, O. H.,Jung, Y. K.,Choi, H. J.,Kim, K. J.,Nam, J. D. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for o Vol.6 No.12
<P>In the development of three-dimensional printable materials for high-speed and high-resolution printing, UV-curing polymers can guarantee fast and precise printing of high performance load-bearing structures, but the injected drops of the monomers tend to spread over the substrates due to their low viscosity. In this study, we imposed the self-standing and shape-memorable capability of an epoxy acrylate (EA) monomer to ensure continuous filamentary 3D printing while maintaining its low viscosity nature. Using octadecanamide (ODA) with EA, strong hydrogen-bond networks (−N−H⋯OC−, −N−CO⋯H-O-, -N-H⋯N-) were additionally achieved in the material system and the developed material distinctively exhibited rheological duality at different processing stages: a low-viscosity liquid-like behavior (viscosity of ∼50 Pa) while passing through the nozzle and a self-standing solid-like behavior (static yield stress of ∼364 Pa) right after being printed. This reversible liquid-to-solid transitional capability was quantified by viscoelastic complex moduli provided a dynamic yield stress (<I>τ</I>y,G) of 210 Pa corresponding to the upright stacking up to ∼3.2 cm (3 wt% of ODA). The time (<I>t</I>y,G) required for conformational rearrangement was evaluated to be as fast as ∼10<SUP>−2</SUP> s. After UV curing, the 3D printed layers exhibited no air pockets or weld lines at the stacked interfaces, which could guarantee excellent mechanical performance and structural integrity.</P>
Joo, H.W.,Lee, M.S.,Kim, S.W.,Kim, S.S.,Lee, J.Y.,Baek, J.Y.,You, C.-Y.,Lee, K.A.,Rhee, J.R.,Lee, S.S.,Hwang, D.G. IEEE 2006 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.42 No.10
The dependencies of the stack number N on perpendicular exchange-biasing (H<SUB>ex</SUB>) and coercivity H<SUB>c</SUB>) in [Pd/Co]<SUB>N</SUB> and [Pd/Co (or CoFe)]<SUB>N</SUB>/FeMn multilayers were investigated. With the help of the careful designs of layer structures, a series of samples whose surface anisotropies have the linear function N was prepared with constant bulk anisotropies. From the experimental data obtained, it was found that H<SUB>ex</SUB> does not depend on the surface anisotropy, while H<SUB>c</SUB> shows a strong dependence. Therefore, it is possible to tailor wide ranges of H<SUB>c</SUB> (300-600 Oe) without varying H<SUB>ex</SUB>(∼200 Oe) through the single control parameter stack number N.
Emergence of Amantadine-Resistant H3N2 Avian Influenza A Virus in South Korea
Lee, J.,Song, Y. J.,Park, J. H.,Lee, J.-H.,Baek, Y. H.,Song, M.-S.,Oh, T.-K.,Han, H.-S.,Pascua, P. N. Q.,Choi, Y.-K. American Society for Microbiology 2008 Journal of clinical microbiology Vol.46 No.11
<P>We found a relatively high frequency of unique amantadine-resistant H3N2 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses (Val27Ile on M2 protein) isolated from live poultry markets in South Korea and confirmed that a Val27Ile single substitution in the M2 protein is enough to acquire the amantadine resistance phenotype by using reverse-genetically created human-avian reassortant viruses.</P>
In vivo imaging of tumor apoptosis using histone H1-targeting peptide
Wang, K.,Purushotham, S.,Lee, J.Y.,Na, M.H.,Park, H.,Oh, S.J.,Park, R.W.,Park, J.Y.,Lee, E.,Cho, B.C.,Song, M.N.,Baek, M.C.,Kwak, W.,Yoo, J.,Hoffman, A.S.,Oh, Y.K.,Kim, I.S.,Lee, B.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2010 Journal of controlled release Vol.148 No.3
In vivo imaging of apoptosis could allow monitoring of tumor response to cancer treatments such as chemotherapy. Using phage display, we identified the CQRPPR peptide, named ApoPep-1(Apoptosis-targeting Peptide-1), that was able to home to apoptotic and necrotic cells in tumor tissue. ApoPep-1 also bound to apoptotic and necrotic cells in culture, while only little binding to live cells was observed. Its binding to apoptotic cells was not dependent on calcium ion and not competed by annexin V. The receptor for ApoPep-1 was identified to be histone H1 that was exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells. In necrotic cells, ApoPep-1 entered the cells and bound to histone H1 in the nucleus. The imaging signals produced during monitoring of tumor apoptosis in response to chemotherapy was enhanced by the homing of a fluorescent dye- or radioisotope-labeled ApoPep-1 to tumor treated with anti-cancer drugs, whereas its uptake of the liver and lung was minimal. These results suggest that ApoPep-1 holds great promise as a probe for in vivo imaging of apoptosis, while histone H1 is a unique molecular signature for this purpose.
Apoptotic cell death in rat epididymis following epichlorohydrin treatment
Lee, I.-C.,Kim, K.-H.,Kim, S.-H.,Baek, H.-S.,Moon, C.,Yun, W.-K.,Nam, K.-H.,Kim, H.-C.,Kim, J.-C. SAGE Publications 2013 Human & experimental toxicology Vol.32 No.6
<P>Epichlorohydrin (ECH) is an antifertility agent that acts both as an epididymal toxicant and an agent capable of directly affecting sperm motility. This study identified the time course of apoptotic cell death in rat epididymides after ECH treatment. Rats were administrated with a single oral dose of ECH (50 mg/kg). ECH-induced apoptotic changes were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and its related mechanism was confirmed by Western blot analysis and colorimetric assay. The TUNEL assay showed that the number of apoptotic cells increased at 8 h, reached a maximum level at 12 h, and then decreased progressively. The Western blot analysis demonstrated no significant changes in proapoptotic Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression during the time course of the study. However, phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and phospho-c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (p-JNK) expression increased at 8–24 h. Caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities also increased at 8–48 h and 12–48 h, respectively, in the same manner as p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK expression. These results indicate that ECH induced apoptotic changes in rat epididymides and that the apoptotic cell death may be related more to the MAPK pathway than to the mitochondrial pathway.</P>
Estrus synchronization affects galectin-3, FGF-9 signaling in the sow reproductive tract
Baek S. Y,Kim D. W,Min Y. J,Cho E. S,Choi T. J,Soh H. C,Kim Y. M,Kang S. J,Kim B. K,Cho K. H,Cho K. H1 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.05
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of estrus synchronization to altrenogest regumate (progesterone), PMSG/hCG, and artificial insemination (AI) on galectin-3, FGF-9 gene and protein expression. The morpho-metrical parameters of the endometrium and the number of corpora lutea (CL) were recorded. RNA was isolated from endometrial, oviduct and ovary tissues of non-synchronized (Control; n = 7) and AI synchronized (regumate, PMSG/hCG; n = 7) sows. The total number of CL was higher (P<0.05) in pigs treated with regumate/PMSG/hCG. The content of gelactin-3 and FGF-9 mRNA in pre-embryonic development stages increased on particular days, in control and studied in regumate/PMSG/hCG administered pigs. Gelactin-3 and FGF-9 were affected by regumate/PMSG/hCG treatment in the both pre-embryonic development stages (P<0.001, P<0.05) and encdometrial tissue (P<0.001, P<0.01). The regumate/PMSG/hCG treatment resulted in elevated expression of gelactin-3 (P<0.001) and FGF-9 (P<0.005) in oviduct and ovary tissues in comparison to control sows. Moreover, oviduct amount of gelectin-3 mRNA was higher in regumate/PMSG/hCG sows in comparison to the control group (P<0.05), whereas, expression characteristics of gelactin-3 and FGF-9 were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin stained and immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that galectin-3 and FGF-9 were significantly shown in the endometrium, oviduct and ovary tissues of the regumate/PMSG/ hCG. Presented data show that exogenous hormones administration can affect gene and protein expression in the sow reproductive tract.
Interaction between the Helicobacter pylori CagA and -Pix in Gastric Epithelial AGS Cells
BAEK, H. Y.,WEON LIM, J.,KIM, H. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2007 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Vol.1096 No.1
<P>The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) translocates the CagA protein into epithelial cells by a type IV secretion process. Upon translocation into the host cell cytosol, CagA undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of CagA occurs within the C terminus of the protein and is mediated by members of the Src family of tyrosine kinases. Phosphorylation of CagA induces the dephosphorylation of as yet unidentified cellular proteins, rearrangements of the host cell actin cytoskeleton, and cell scattering. This article aims to determine the cellular protein that interacts with CagA. Gastric epithelial AGS cells were stimulated with CagA-positive H. pylori (NCTC11637, at a bacteria/cell ratio of 500:1) and cultured in antibiotic-free medium. Proteins were isolated from the cells with or without H. pylori infection. CagA-interactive protein was determined by immunoprecipitation using anti-CagA antibody and proteomic analysis. We found that alpha-Pix interacts with CagA and alpha-Pix was constitutively expressed in AGS cells. Upon H. pylori stimulation, CagA was translocated into the cells and the expression of alpha-Pix (PAK-interactive exchange factor) was increased in AGS cells time dependently. The interaction of alpha-Pix with CagA was increased by H. pylori infection in AGS cells. Phosphorylation of CagA induces the dephosphorylation of alpha-Pix in AGS cells. alpha-Pix is a family of PAK-binding proteins that strongly activates PAK (p21-activated tyrosine kinase). PAK regulates changes in gene expression and mediates actin cytoskeletal and cell morphological changes. The novel finding of this study is that phosphorylation of CagA induces the dephosphorylation of alpha-Pix, which may modulate cytoskeletal changes of gastric epithelial cells through PAK.</P>
Baek, S.S.,Park, K.Y.,Lee, T.H.,Lee, N.,Seo, Y.,Song, S.J.,Park, J.Y. Elsevier Science 2014 Acta materialia Vol.66 No.-
This paper explores the potential to design a ''superprotonic conductor'' for operation in the intermediate temperature (IT) range through a doping approach with a conventional proton conductor. This approach is validated scientifically, based on the enhanced macroscopic transport properties of the oxide ion conductor. This system consists of a BaZr<SUB>0.8</SUB>Y<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (BZY) proton conductor and a small amount of palladium oxide (PdO). The influence of the PdO on the sinter activity of the highly refractory BZY material is not significant, with low rates of grain growth under typical sintering conditions, even though the addition of some PdO favors the grain growth of BZY materials to some extent. The conductivity of PdO-modified BZY (BZPY) is higher than that of BZY in the IT range, in all atmospheres and at all temperatures. The conductivity of 3mol.% PdO-modified BZPY was 8.60x10<SUP>-3</SUP>Scm<SUP>-1</SUP> at 600<SUP>o</SUP>C in wet 5% H<SUB>2</SUB>. The electrical conductivity of BZPY increases systematically with increasing PdO content (0.5-3mol.%) in all atmospheres investigated.