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Kumar Jeya-Vijaya,Kumari B.D.Ranjitha The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2005 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.7 No.3
In the present study, in vitro multiple shoot induction was achieved from cotyledonary node and stem nodal explants of cv. NARI-6 of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Among various growth regulators tested, MS salts and B5 vitamins supplemented with BA (6-Benzy-laminopurine) $17.76\;{\mu}M$ and KN (Kinetin) $6.96\;{\mu}M$ phytohormonal combination was found to be the most effective in initiating numerous shoot buds after 30 days of culture than BA ($4.44-44.39\;{\mu}M$) or KN ($2.32-46.40\;{\mu}M$) alone in the medium. In addition, 0.8% (w/v) agar (Hi-media) and 3.0% sucrose (w/v) was the optimum level for the formation of adventitious shoots. Further results showed the maximum shoot elongation occurred on MS medium with BA ($8.88\;{\mu}M$) and $GA_3$($11.56\;{\mu}M$) combinations. Efficient rooting occurred on quarter strength MS medium with NAA $10.74\;{\mu}M$. The regenerated plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to the field.
A New Marginal Color Image Water Marking Method based on Logical Operators
B. Vijaya Kumar,M.Radhika Mani,G. Roseline NesaKumari,Dr. V. Vijaya Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2009 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.3 No.4
Image hiding is a technique that embeds the images into a cover image which makes the watermarks imperceptible so that they can be securely transmitted to the receiver. In this paper, an effective color image watermarking method based on the marginal strategy is proposed. The method uses logical operators like AND and XOR on the nibble to hide the image with in the cover image. To test the robustness of the stego image the present method is applied on different kinds of cover images and the resulting perceptual quality is good.
Redundancy Allocation in Finite-Length Nested Codes for Nonvolatile Memories
김용준,B. V. K. Vijaya Kumar 한국통신학회 2018 Journal of communications and networks Vol.20 No.4
In this paper, we investigate the optimum way to allocateredundancy of finite-length nested codes for modern nonvolatilememories suffering from both permanent defects and transient errors(erasures or random errors). A nested coding approach suchas partitioned codes can handle both permanent defects and transienterrors by using two parts of redundancy: 1) Redundancy todeal with permanent defects and 2) redundancy for transient errors. We consider two different channel models of the binary defectand erasure channel (BDEC) and the binary defect and symmetricchannel (BDSC). The transient errors of the BDEC are erasuresand the BDSC’s transient errors are modeled by the binarysymmetric channel, respectively. Asymptotically, the probabilityof recovery failure can converge to zero if the capacity region conditionsof nested codes are satisfied. However, the probability ofrecovery failure of finite-length nested codes can be significantlyvariable for different redundancy allocations even though they allsatisfy the capacity region conditions. Hence, we formulate the redundancyallocation problem of finite-length nested codes to minimizethe recovery failure probability. We derive the upper boundson the probability of recovery failure and use them to estimate theoptimal redundancy allocation. Numerical results show that ourestimated redundancy allocation matches well the optimal redundancy allocation.
Plant secondary metabolites synthesis and their regulations under biotic and abiotic constraints
Shubhra Khare,N. B. Singh,Ajey Singh,Imtiyaz Hussain,Km Niharika,Vijaya Yadav,Chanda Bano,Ravi Kumar Yadav,Nimisha Amist 한국식물학회 2020 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.63 No.3
Plants being sessile entities are often subjected to varied environmental stresses. They have developed an alternative defense mechanism that involves a vast variety of secondary metabolites to serve as tools to cope up with various stress conditions. The exposure of plant cells to abiotic and biotic stresses initiate multilevel reaction cascades that consequently leads to production and accumulation of various secondary metabolites. Various enzymatic and non-enzymatic molecules comprising the antioxidative defense system comes into play to counteract the undesirable efect of ecological stresses. Energy required as fuel in biosynthesis, transport and storage which comprises the costs for the formation of various transcription factors. When plant experiences stress in combination they express various transcription factors that might help the plant to make fexible signaling cascades to increase plant resistance against one of the stress. Based on this limelight, the present review aims to wrap the infuence of diferent abiotic and biotic factors including salt, drought, heavy metals, UV light, herbivory and pathogenesis on secondary metabolites production and their roles in stress tolerance mechanism in plants.
Writing on Dirty Flash Memory: Combating Inter-Cell Interference via Coding with Side Information
Yongjune Kim,Euiseok Hwang,B. V. K. Vijaya Kumar 한국통신학회 2022 Journal of communications and networks Vol.24 No.6
High-density flash memories suffer from inter-cell interference (ICI) which threatens the reliability of stored data. In order to cope with the ICI problem, we propose a channel coding scheme with channel state information of flash memories (i.e., side information of ICI). This side information is obtained before writing data into flash memories and incorporated during the encoding stage. We show that flash memories under ICI problem can be transformed into the model of memory with defective cells due to the unique asymmetry property between write (page write) and erase (block erase) operations. Then, the channel coding for memory with defective cells is employed to combat ICI. Simulation results support that the proposed scheme with the ICI side information can effectively improve the decoding failure probability.
Varalakshmi Penugonda,S. Sudhakar Babu,B. Vijaya Kumar 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.2
The effect of reinforcement strategy on graphene nanoparticles distribution in terms of metallurgical and mechanicalproperties of Incoloy 925 alloy friction stir welding was investigated. The friction stir welding was performed at differentwelding speeds (20-100 mm/min) and tool rotational speeds (300-500 rpm) using a tapered pin tool. The defect-free welds wereobtained at a tool rotational speed of 400 rpm, and welding speeds of 20 mm/min, 30 mm/min, and 40 mm/min, respectively. The cross-sectional microstructure of the weld joints was characterized by SEM and EDX and revealed that graphene particleswere evenly distributed inside the nugget zone. Results achieved through Raman spectrometry analysis confirmed the presenceof graphene. Because graphene was distributed consistently across the nugget zone, the microhardness of the material hasgrown to around 320 HV. In comparison to the base metal, the microhardness of the graphene-reinforced Incoloy 925 stir zonewas found to be 51 percent higher. Compared to the base metal, the friction stir weld joints exhibited a high joint efficiency(ranging from 90% to 97.5%).
Jin Sung-Ho,Shim Jong-Min,Jung, Seung-Jin,Kim, Sung-Chul,Naidu B. Vijaya Kumar,Shin, Won-Suk,Gal Yeong-Soon,Lee, Jae-Wook,Kim, Ji-Hyeon,Lee, Jin-Kook The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.5
New, thermally robust, arylenevinylene conjugated polymers, including poly(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-vinylene) [poly(FV)] and poly[2-(3'-dimethyldodecylsilylphenyl)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] [poly(m-SiPhPV)], were synthesized and used for the fabrication of efficient photovoltaic cells. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells fabricated by blending one of the polymers, [poly(FV)], [poly(m-SiPhPV)], and poly(FV-co-m-SiPhPV), with the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-$C_{61}$-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) were found to have a power conversion efficiency of up to 0.038%..