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Meat Quality of Crossbred Porkers without the Gene RYR1T Depending on Slaughter Weight
Grazyna Czyzak-Runowska,Janusz Wojtczak,Andrzej Lyczynski,Jacek Wojtowski,Maria Markiewicz-Keszycka,Daniel Stanislawski,Marek Babicz 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.3
The first aim of the study was to compare selected meat quality parameters in porkers without the gene RYR1T (ryanodine receptor gene). These were porkers slaughtered at 100 to 115 kg and 116 to 130 kg live weight. The second aim of the study was to determine the occurrence frequency of standard-quality meat (red, firm, nonexudative [RFN]) and the occurence frequency of defective meat (pale, soft, exudative [PSE] and acid, soft, exudative [ASE]). The analysis was conducted on the longissimus lumborum muscle in 114 crossbred porkers. The porkers were a cross of Camborough 22 sows and boars from lines 337PIC (Pig Improvement Company), Norsvin Landrace and Pietrain. All of the animals were provided with identical environmental and nutritional conditions. The average weight of the slaughtered animals in the light and heavy groups was 110 kg and 122 kg, respectively. Both groups had the same average post-slaughter meatiness (56.5%). A statistical analysis of selected meat-quality parameters did not show any significant differences between the weight groups. On the other hand, the classification based on carcass quality showed an occurence frequency of defective meat in heavier crossbred porkers (116 to 130 kg) that was three times higher than in those crossbred animals which weighed 100 to 115 kg when slaughtered. In porkers without the gene RYR1T, the defective meat types PSE and ASE occurred with a frequency of 17.54%.
Meat Quality of Crossbred Porkers without the Gene RYR1<sup>T</sup> Depending on Slaughter Weight
Czyzak-Runowska, Grazyna,Wojtczak, Janusz,Lyczynski, Andrzej,Wojtowski, Jacek,Markiewicz-Keszycka, Maria,Stanislawski, Daniel,Babicz, Marek Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.3
The first aim of the study was to compare selected meat quality parameters in porkers without the gene $RYR1^T$ (ryanodine receptor gene). These were porkers slaughtered at 100 to 115 kg and 116 to 130 kg live weight. The second aim of the study was to determine the occurrence frequency of standard-quality meat (red, firm, nonexudative [RFN]) and the occurence frequency of defective meat (pale, soft, exudative [PSE] and acid, soft, exudative [ASE]). The analysis was conducted on the longissimus lumborum muscle in 114 crossbred porkers. The porkers were a cross of Camborough 22 sows and boars from lines 337PIC (Pig Improvement Company), Norsvin Landrace and Pietrain. All of the animals were provided with identical environmental and nutritional conditions. The average weight of the slaughtered animals in the light and heavy groups was 110 kg and 122 kg, respectively. Both groups had the same average post-slaughter meatiness (56.5%). A statistical analysis of selected meat-quality parameters did not show any significant differences between the weight groups. On the other hand, the classification based on carcass quality showed an occurence frequency of defective meat in heavier crossbred porkers (116 to 130 kg) that was three times higher than in those cross bred animals which weighed 100 to 115 kg when slaughtered. In porkers without the gene $RYR1^T$, the defective meat types PSE and ASE occurred with a frequency of 17.54%.
Hassan Hajifatheali,Ebrahim Ahmadi,Andrzej Wojtczak,Zvonko Jaglicic 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.11
This study is a report on atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using a ligand, N-methylbis[2-(dodecylthio)ethyl]amine (SNS), which is tridentate ligand with mixed donor atoms. This ligand was synthesized in a simple way and at a low cost and was used to prepare a Cu catalyst complex (Cu/ SNS) during the process of polymerization. The effects of various factors such as different molar ratios (100, 300, and 700 [monomer]:[initiator]) and cuprous halides (Br and Cl) on the polymerization of this ligand were investigated. The resulting catalyst complex mediated a living polymerization of MMA, yielding polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions (1.09 < PDI < 1.4). The Highest PDI values were observed in the polymerization of the 700 molar ratio. The ligand, catalyst crystals formed at the end of polymerization, and synthesized polymers were characterized via UV-VIS, FTIR, CV, NMR, and GPC spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray crystallography as appropriate. The X-ray results for catalyst crystals showed that the catalyst was the deactivator (CuII Br2/SNS) of the ATRP equation and existed as a mononuclear catalyst complex.