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- 저자 : Amir Rezvan (검색결과 5 건)
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Novel Animal Models of Atherosclerosis
Amir Rezvan,Sanjoli Sur,Hanjoong Jo 대한의용생체공학회 2015 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.5 No.3
Atherosclerosis remains a significant cause of mortality andmorbidity in the world. It is now well established thatatherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease preferentiallyoccurring in curved or branched arterial regions, whereasstraight parts of the arteries are protected, suggesting a closerelationship between flow and atherosclerosis. Animalmodels of atherosclerosis are an important tool to understandthe pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and identify newtherapies. Various animal models have been used throughoutthe years, each contributing to scientific progress in the field,including different species such as pigeon, mice, rabbit,pig and nonhuman primates. In many cases, one or acombination of multiple interventions, including geneticmanipulation, hypercholesterolemia inducing diets, or surgicalinterventions are employed to induce atherosclerosis or toaccelerate or vary the severity and complexity of the lesions. In recent years, new animal models have been developed toaddress specific needs in the field of atherosclerosis research. Some of these models use surgical interventions to create adisturbed flow profile, and a few models have used largeranimals such as minipigs. While PCSK9 inhibition isbeing used as a new therapy for lowering cholesterol inhyperlipidemic patients, over-expression of PCSK9 hasrecently been exploited to induce atherosclerosis in animalmodels. No animal model can perfectly mimic the process inhuman disease, however each model may be successfullyused to elucidate a particular aspect of the pathophysiology. It is essential to understand the strengths and weaknesses ineach model in
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Amir Abdullah,Mohammad Sotoodezadeh,Rezvan Abedini,Vahid Fartashvand 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
Ultrasonic vibration has shown capability of reducing friction forces in shearing within the material and on the contacting faces of pieces. To decrease the risk of thermal damages in creep-feed grinding, ultrasonic vibration (as a lubricant) was given to Aluminum 7075 and to Steel X210Cr12 workpieces in the direction of feed movement in dry creep-feed up-grinding while using vitrified aluminum oxide wheel. Grinding forces and surface quality are compared. It was found that under ultrasonic, without using coolant,the grinding forces were reduced and surface quality was improved. Under no ultrasonic sever thermal over-cut and burns were observed on steel, whilst there was no sign of such effects on aluminum.
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Ni, Chih-Wen,Qiu, Haiwei,Rezvan, Amir,Kwon, Kihwan,Nam, Douglas,Son, Dong Ju,Visvader, Jane E.,Jo, Hanjoong American Society of Hematology 2010 Blood Vol.116 No.15
<B>Abstract</B><P>Recently, we showed that disturbed flow caused by a partial ligation of mouse carotid artery rapidly induces atherosclerosis. Here, we identified mechanosensitive genes in vivo through a genome-wide microarray study using mouse endothelial RNAs isolated from the flow-disturbed left and the undisturbed right common carotid artery. We found 62 and 523 genes that changed significantly by 12 hours and 48 hours after ligation, respectively. The results were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for 44 of 46 tested genes. This array study discovered numerous novel mechanosensitive genes, including Lmo4, klk10, and dhh, while confirming well-known ones, such as Klf2, eNOS, and BMP4. Four genes were further validated for protein, including LMO4, which showed higher expression in mouse aortic arch and in human coronary endothelium in an asymmetric pattern. Comparison of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro endothelial gene expression profiles indicates that numerous in vivo mechanosensitive genes appear to be lost or dysregulated during culture. Gene ontology analyses show that disturbed flow regulates genes involved in cell proliferation and morphology by 12 hours, followed by inflammatory and immune responses by 48 hours. Determining the functional importance of these novel mechanosensitive genes may provide important insights into understanding vascular biology and atherosclerosis.</P>
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Farzad Omidi-Kashani,Alireza Hootkani,Lida Jarahi,Manizheh Rezvan,Amir Moayedpour 대한정형외과학회 2015 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.7 No.1
Background: Surgical techniques used in the treatment of patients with high grade lumbar spondylolisthesis (> 50% slippage) areusually associated with a great deal of controversies. We aim to evaluate the surgical outcomes of high grade spondylolisthesistreated with an intraoperative temporary distraction rod. Methods: We retrospectively studied 21 patients (14 females and 7 males), aged 50.4 ± 9.2 years, who had high grade lumbarspondylolisthesis that was treated with intraoperative temporary distraction rods, neural decompression, pedicular screw fixation,and posterolateral fusion involving one more intact upper vertebra. The mean follow-up period was 39.2 months. Radiologic andclinical outcomes were measured by slip angle, slip percentage, correction rate, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analoguescale (VAS), patient’s satisfaction rate in the pre- and postoperative period. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver. 11.5. Results: Analysis of the preoperative visits and final follow-up visits indicated that surgery could improve ODI, lumbar VAS, andleg VAS from 60.5% to 8.2%, from 6.7 to 2.2, and from 6.9 to 1.3, respectively. Slip angle and slip percentage were also changedfrom –8° to –15° and from 59.2% to 21.4%, respectively. Mean correction rate at the final follow-up visit was 64.1%. Loss of correctionwas insignificant and a neurologic complication occurred in one patient due to misplacement of one screw. Excellent andgood levels of satisfaction were observed in 90.5% of the patients. Conclusions: In the surgical treatment of refractory high grade spondylolisthesis, the use of a temporary distraction rod to reducethe slipped vertebra in combination with neural decompression, posterolateral fusion, and longer instrumentation is associatedwith satisfactory clinical and radiologic outcomes.
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