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        A Comparative Study on the Calculation of Wind Load and Analysis of Communication Tower as per TIA-222-G and TIA-222-H Standards

        Ali Murtaza Rasool,Mohsin Usman Qureshi,Muhammad Ahmad 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.25 No.2

        The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) is responsible to provide recognized literature for the analysis & design of communication towers. TIA in 2005 released a standard “TIA-222-G” which has gained a widespread reference and most of the existing tower structures around the world have been constructed as per guidelines of this standard. However, in 2018, TIA released the latest standard TIA-222-H. To date, not much studies are available describing how much change in member axial forces occurs while using latest standard for analysis of tower structures. The main objective of this study is to provide guidelines for wind load calculation on tower body, appurtenances and other structures and to compare the member axial forces induced by the wind loads as per TIA-222-G & TIA-222-H standards. The analysis results show that member axial forces are not much affected when the tower was analyzed in accordance with both the standards. However, forces might increase when the basic wind speed increased more than 200 kph as per TIA-222-H standard.

      • Investigating the long-term behavior of creep and drying shrinkage of ambient-cured geopolymer concrete

        Asad Ullah Qazi,Ali Murtaza Rasool,Iftikhar Ahmad,Muhammad Ali,Fawad S. Niazi 국제구조공학회 2024 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.89 No.4

        This study pioneers the exploration of creep and shrinkage behavior in ambient-cured geopolymer concrete (GPC), a vital yet under-researched area in concrete technology. Focusing on the influence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution concentration, the research utilizes low calcium fly ash (Class-F) and alkaline solutions to prepare two sets of GPC. The results show distinct patterns in compressive strength development and dry shrinkage reduction, with a 14 M NaOH solution demonstrating a 26.5% lower dry shrinkage than the 16 M solution. The creep behavior indicated a high initial strain within the first 7 days, significantly influenced by curing conditions and NaOH concentration. This study contributes to the existing knowledge by providing a deeper understanding of the time-dependent properties of GPC, which is crucial for optimizing its performance in structural applications.

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        Experimental Study on Endurance Performance of Lime and Cement-Treated Cohesive Soil

        Mubashir Aziz,Farooq Naveed Sheikh,Mohsin Usman Qureshi,Ali Murtaza Rasool,Muhammad Irfan 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.9

        An earthwork design requires to consider the influence of severe climatic conditions on enduring performance of soils treated with chemical additives. This study was focused on investigating the mechanical behavior of a lime and cement-treated cohesive soil under the effects of repeated cycles of wetting and drying. The soil samples were prepared by adding different concentrations of cement (2, 6, 10, 12, 16, 20%) and quicklime (2, 4, 6, 8, 10%). Due to low-plastic nature of the host soil, the effectiveness of cement to reduce the plasticity of soil was relatively higher compared to lime-treatment. Likewise, an increase in optimum moisture and decrease in maximum dry unit weight was observed for both the additives and these effects were significant for lime treated soil compared to cement. Moreover, an increase in strength from 0.57 MPa to 12.9 MPa at 20% cement and from 0.57 MPa to 2.03 MPa at 2% lime was observed in unconfined compressive strengths (UCS) tests on soil samples. To investigate the durability characteristics of the treated soil, the samples were subjected to 12 cycles of wetting and drying with each cycle consisting of 5 hours of immersion in potable water and subsequent drying in oven for 43 hours. The compressive strength, volume change and weight loss of soil samples were determined at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th cycle. It is observed that the durability behaviour of treated soil is multipart due to parallel processes of positive aging (hydration process associated with binding agents) and negative aging (induced weathering). For a sustainable mechanical performance of the treated soil, an optimum dose of 6% lime or 16% cement is recommended and some correlations are proposed to quantify the effects of repeated wetting and drying.

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