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An evaluation study on advanced public transport priority system using traffic simulation
Takashi Oguchi,Akira Mitsuyasu,Daisuke Oshima,Takane Imagawa 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2017 도시과학국제저널 Vol.21 No.2
For the reasons of environmental issues, congestion mitigation, and vulnerable road users, the surface mass public transport (PT) system in urban area should be improved and promoted in Japan. This paper provides an overview of the current state of public transport priority system (PTPS) and the possibility of advanced PTPS. The effects of advanced PTPS by microscopic traffic simulation are estimated. As a result, it is found that advanced PTPS improves time reliability and transportability of buses, even if a congestion around an intersection occurs. The introduction of combination of bus lane and advanced PTPS improves time reliability and the transportability more. On the other hand, the introduction of bus lane reduces the acceptable volume of other vehicles because of reduction in the number of lanes for them. It is considered that the other users are also expected to shift to PT along with the PT level of service improvement.
Breakup Length of Planar Liquid Sheet with Cocurrent Air Flows
( Ryota Kawabata ),( Ippei Oshima ),( Shingo Nishiyama ),( Akira Sou ),( Kazuaki Matsuura ) 한국액체미립화학회 2017 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-
Air blast atomizer has been employed in a combustor of gas turbine engine. To reduce NOx emissions from a gas turbine, breakup and dispersion of a liquid fuel sheet with cocurrent air flows injected from the air blast atomizer have to be controlled. If we can predict the breakup length of the oscillating liquid sheet, we can estimate and control the spray characteristic in the combustor. When the liquid sheet is exposed to high-speed air flows, it oscillates by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and then thin liquid bags are formed by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. We define the breakup length as the distance from the nozzle exit to the point where the bags rupture to be a fine spray. In our previous research, we investigated the effects of air and liquid velocities, liquid fluid properties, and gas density on the breakup length. We divided the breakup process into two phases. The first phase is the period largely affected by K-H instability, and the second phase is the period from the onset of bag formation to the bag rupture. We proposed the correlations on the time t<sub>1</sub> and t<sub>2</sub> for each phase. In this paper, we perform a number of additional visualization experiments of the atomizing liquid sheets under different conditions in order to investigate the effects of liquid film thickness D<sub>L</sub>, width D<sub>Lip</sub> of the atomizer lip on the breakup length, and propose new correlations on the time t<sub>1</sub>, t<sub>2</sub> which take into account the effects of D<sub>L</sub> and D<sub>Lip</sub>. In addition, we clarified that the wave velocity V<sub>w</sub> is proportional to the air velocity and the square root of the density ratio of gas to liquid. Finally, the estimated breakup length is confirmed to be in good agreement with the measured data.
Increasing Needs of National Policy for Nicotine Dependence Treatments as a Part of Tobacco Control
Masakazu Nakamura,Takako Morita,Akira Oshima 대한암예방학회 2006 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.11 No.2
Tobacco use is the single most important preventable health risk in developed countries, and a major cause of premature death and disability worldwide. In 2000, tobacco smoking accounted for an estimated 113,000 of the total 962,000 deaths in Japan. In the Article 14 of the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC), countries are requested to take effective measures to promote cessation of tobacco use and adequate treatment for tobacco dependence. The essence of tobacco use is nicotine dependence. Nicotine dependence is a chronic disease that often requires repeated intervention. Environmental change strategies for tobacco control, such as tobacco taxation and smoking restriction in public places, can be effective in reducing tobacco use, but smokers often find it difficult to overcome their dependence without help. Effective treatments to promote smoking cessation need to be implemented in various health care settings as part of a comprehensive tobacco control measure. Lack of insurance coverage serves as barriers to use nicotine dependence treatment services. In countries where publicly funded health insurance exists, consideration should be given to making evidence-based tobacco dependence treatments reimbursable. (Cancer Prev Res 11, 85-88, 2006)