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      • GENERALIZED OSTROWSKI TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR INTERVAL VALUED FUNCTIONS AND ITS APPLICATION FOR ERROR ESTIMATION TO SOME QUADRATURE RULES

        Dar Bilal Ahmad,Singh Deepak,Goyal Anil,Ahmad Izhar 경남대학교 수학교육과 2019 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.24 No.3

        This work is devoted to study some Ostrowski type inequalities for generalized Hukukara differentiable interval valued functions. Mean valued theorem for gH-differentiable interval valued functions is also derived. Established results generalize some pioneer results in the existing state-of-art. Moreover, error estimations to quadrature rule of Riemann type, Simpson type and Trapezoidal type are obtained for interval valued functions by the application of one of the derived inequality. In addition an illustrative example is also furnished which demonstrates the viability of the hypothesis of one of our results.

      • KCI등재

        ROBUST SEMI-INFINITE INTERVAL-VALUED OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM WITH UNCERTAIN INEQUALITY CONSTRAINTS

        Jaichander, Rekha R.,Ahmad, Izhar,Kummari, Krishna The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2022 한국수학논문집 Vol.30 No.3

        This paper focuses on a robust semi-infinite interval-valued optimization problem with uncertain inequality constraints (RSIIVP). By employing the concept of LU-optimal solution and Extended Mangasarian-Fromovitz Constraint Qualification (EMFCQ), necessary optimality conditions are established for (RSIIVP) and then sufficient optimality conditions for (RSIIVP) are derived, by using the tools of convexity. Moreover, a Wolfe type dual problem for (RSIIVP) is formulated and usual duality results are discussed between the primal (RSIIVP) and its dual (RSIWD) problem. The presented results are demonstrated by non-trivial examples.

      • KCI등재

        Reinforcement of Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Characteristics in PVDF‑PMMA Nanocomposite by Intercalation of Carbon Nanofibers

        Anam Naseer,Muhammad Mumtaz,Muhammad Raffi,Izhar Ahmad,Sabih D. Khan,Rana I. Shakoor,Shaista Shahzada 대한금속·재료학회 2019 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.15 No.2

        With the recent developments in the millimeter and sub-millimeter wave instruments and devices, there is a need to developelectromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials in these frequency bands for applications like electromagnetic interferencecontrol, electromagnetic compatibility, etc. In this work, carbon nanofi bers (CNF) were uniformly dispersed in a blend ofpoly(methyl methacrylate), polyvinylidene fl uoride and cyanoacrylate for air spray coating a fi lm on the cellulosic substrates. The samples were characterized for evaluation of their structure, morphology, electrical and EM absorption properties in0.15–1.2 THz range by X-ray diff raction, fi eld emission electron microscopy, I–V measurements and terahertz time domainspectroscopy. These coatings can conveniently be applied to the material surfaces by conventional air spray painting method,which makes this technique cost-eff ective as well as easy to deploy in various applications. The electrical conductivityenhancement in the samples has been attributed to the formation of conducting network by uniform distribution of CNFs inthe insulating polymer matrix. As a result, the shielding eff ectiveness (SE) has been observed to improve with the increasein CNF’s loading in the polymer matrix. The SE is also a function of frequency, which is attributed to the increase in theskin depth. A SE of 20 dB has been estimated in these samples for the frequencies 1 THz and higher, which is of signifi cantimportance for the use of this technique in practical applications.

      • KCI등재

        Current Status of Coral Reef Fish Abundances at Pulau Bidong and Nearby Islands, South China Sea Using Stereo-Diver Operated Video System

        Afiq-Firdaus Aminudin Muhammad,Safuan Che Din Mohd,Shafie Suhaidi,Izhar Lila Iznita,Awalludin Ezmahamrul Afreen,Ahmad Muhammad Faiz,Johari Nur Arbaeen Mohd,Bachok Zainudin 한국해양과학기술원 2023 Ocean science journal Vol.58 No.2

        Tropical coral reef fish assemblages in the South China Sea (SCS) have not been well-studied; thus, this research investigated the species richness of coral reef fishes at Pulau Bidong and the surrounding islands of Terengganu, Malaysia. Fish surveys were conducted using the Stereo-Diver Operated Video System (Stereo-DOVs) technique from July to October 2019 at 14 sites with different underwater reef structural features. A total of 8259 individuals and 52 reef fish species belonging to 14 families with a density of 23.597 ind. m− 3 were identified and counted from the surveys. Among the families, Scaridae (parrotfish— herbivore), Labridae (wrasse—invertivore), Serranidae (grouper—carnivore), Lutjanidae (snapper—carnivore), and Chaetodontidae (butterflyfish—corallivore) were commonly recognized as indicator fishes for reef health. Based on trophic groups, the proportion of herbivores was significantly highest (51%), followed by carnivores (26%), invertivores (21%) and corallivores (2%). Among the indicator species, Scarus psittacus (Scaridae—parrotfish; Common Parrotfish, 0.829 ind. m− 3) was predominant, followed by Lutjanus lutjanus (Lutjanidae—snapper; Bigeye Snapper, 0.463 ind. m− 3) and Thalassoma lunare (Labridae—wrasse; Moon Wrasse, 0.229 ind. m− 3). The fish communities found at each station were 80% similar between locations. The density at each station ranged from 0.280 to 4.834 ind. m− 3, the diversity index (H′) recorded was between 2.186 and 3.492 and evenness (J′) ranged from 0.610 to 0.862. The high abundance and diversity and significant proportion of indicator fishes might indicate that the coral reef ecosystems at Pulau Bidong and surrounding islands are in good condition. This study offers significant ecological data on fish assemblages of tropical coral reef ecosystems, specifically in the SCS region on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.

      • KCI등재

        Anti-hypernociceptive effects of methanol extract of Boswellia dalzielii on STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain

        Marius Mbiantcha,Rauf Khalid,Donatien Albert Atsamo,Isaac S. Njoku,Arif Mehreen,Gilbert Ateufack,Dar Hamza,William Yousseu Nana,Rehman Ur Naeem,Ahmad Izhar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.3

        Painful neuropathy that can cause hyperalgesia and allodynia is the most common and debilitating complication of diabetes. Both hyperglycemia and oxidative stress clearly play a key role in the progression of diabetic neuropathy. The search for new natural products with combined anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antinociceptive properties is important in the treatment of this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-hypernoceptive effect of the methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Thus, the mice were injected with 200 mg/kg of streptozotocin to produce hyperglycemia. Von Frey filaments, hotplate, acetone and formalin tests were used to evaluate anti-nociceptive activity. Assays of catalase, SOD, MDA and NO determined the antioxidant properties. When administered, methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced licking/biting behavior during the first and second phase of the formalin test in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, this extract significantly improved the glycemia of diabetic mice, it also significantly decreased the levels of TNF alpha, IL-1 beta in the serum and the sciatic nerve, decreased the levels of MDA and NO, and then increased the activity of SOD and catalase enzymes. Our results suggest that methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii can be a useful therapeutic agent, presumably for both prevention and reversal of pathophysiologic pain. This effect seems to imply hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of this plant.

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