A Critical Aspect of Bioreactor Designing and Its Application for the Generation of Tissue Engineered Construct: Emphasis on Clinical Translation of Bioreactor

Aditya Anand,Sarada Prasanna Mallick,Bhisham Narayan Singh,Shikha Kumari,Dheerendra Kumar Suman,Satyavrat Tripathi,Divakar Singh,Pradeep Srivastava 한국생물공학회 2022 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.27 No.4

Usage of bioreactors in the field of tissue engineering has played a significant role in enabling a controlled and reproducible change in the formation of damaged tissue on being provided with specific factors. Owing to the scarcity seen in providing sufficient donor organs for transplantation there is a huge requirement for large-scale production of artificial organs. This cannot be achieved by static culturing since it does not provide an invivo three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment therefore tissue engineering plays a vital role in the development of artificial tissues and organs as per the clinical demands whereas bioreactors have served a major role in providing the artificial microenvironment required by the cells to grow further into a tissue and then into an organ. By providing the specific biochemical cues and mechanoresponsive stimuli the bioreactors turn to be very effective in generating transplantable organs. Apart from performing studies in a controlled manner aimed at understanding biological and physicochemical effects, bioreactors also ensure the safe and reproducible production of tissueengineered constructs to achieve cost-effective large-scale production. The design criteria for bioreactors to be used in tissue engineering include optimal aspect ratio, proper aeration for the cells to proliferate, and agitation with reduced shear stress. The current review summarizes important aspects like Height/Diameter ratio or aspect ratio, shear stress, mechanical stress, aeration, agitation, oxygenation, etc. related to the design of tissue bioreactors, different types of bioreactors that are in use to date, and the reported pieces of literature to yield an overview on the existing concepts. It mainly focuses on the generation of 3D tissue constructs in various reactor systems specially designed for their culture and development along with their applications.

Comparative study on the reachable workspaces of regular and irregular axially symmetric hexapod robots

Aditya Srinivas Manohar,Shravan Anand Komakula,Kalaiarassan Gunasekaran,Padmanabhan Panchu K 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.10

Six-legged hexapod walking robots are well-known for their intrinsic stability during navigation and 6-DoF object manipulation. The robot must be operated under a stable workspace envelope to attain effective manipulation. The structural parameters of the robot dramatically influence the characteristics of the workspace. Most studies analyze the workspace only by varying the leg parameter of the robot, maintaining the base configuration constant. This study aims to investigate the effect of change in the base plate characteristics on the workspace for an axially symmetric hexapod robot with cyclic and elliptical configurations. Superimposing the lateral 2D workspace of each pair of legs evolved to obtain a 3D workspace. The quantitative data analysis of the workspace shows that the cyclic configuration has an average increase of 23.74 %, and the elliptical configuration has a reduction of 1.97 % reachable workspace volume compared with regular hexapods. Furthermore, regular, cyclic, and elliptical hexapods are fabricated and validated with the selective workspace analysis data to reinforce the results. This study shows that the change in the hexagonal base plate configuration has a significant influence on workspace characteristics.

Inhibition of Proliferation of Cervical and Leukemic Cancer Cells by Penicillin G

Banerjee, Aditya,Dahiya, Meetu,Anand, M.T.,Kumar, Sudhir Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.3

Cancer, despite all the efforts, still causes one in five deaths worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy provide inadequate protection and instead affect normal cells along with cancer cells. The search for cancer cures from natural products (plants and animals) has been practice for over a decade and the use of purified chemical to treat cancer still continues. Several studies have been undertaken during last three decades to find the anti-cancerous property of various plant extract and toxins secreted by animals and micro-organism. These lead to the discovery of several promising molecule having anticancer activity, some of which are in clinical trial and may emerged to be a potential future drug in cancer therapy. In this study we have used penicillin to evaluate its anti-cancer activity. It shown significant effects at cellular and molecular levels against growth of HeLa and K562 cell lines.

Touring the online matchmaking platform: A study of the “sado-ritual syndrome” with a special reading of Shashi Deshpande’s The Binding Vine

Nikita ANAND,Kumar PARAG,Aditya PRAKASH Asian Center for Women's Studies : Ewha Womans Uni 2023 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.29 No.4

Eligible bachelors and bachelorettes trust matchmaking services reverentially and sometimes go across the seven seas to meet, communicate, romance, and understand their chosen one. Platforms like Jeevansathi.com, Shaadi.com, and Bharat Matrimony promise to help them make the right marriage decision and get along for true compatibility. However, they have also contributed to the growing politics of “Sado-Ritual Syndrome” against the female population. Such matchmaking platforms work to convince both parties to manipulate each other with Western matrimony features such as a salaried male partner, a grand wedding, monogamy, multilingualism, and preferences based on profession and class. Shashi Deshpande, in her novel The Binding Vine, written in 1993, has elaborately addressed these features to critically investigate how sex in heterosexual marital relationships strips the wife of choice, respect, and agency by making the husband’s ejaculation the major responsibility of the wife. This paper attempts to expose this ideological system of matchmaking and its role in building people’s otherness encouraging them to treat human beings as options.

Anatomic Considerations of Anterior Transarticular Screw Fixation for Atlantoaxial Instability

Sandeep Sonone,Aditya Anand Dahapute,Chaitanya Waghchoure,Nandan Marathe,Swapnil Anil Keny,Kritarth Singh,Rohan Gala 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.6

Study Design: Cadaveric and observational study. Purpose: Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) is characterized by excessive movement at the C1–C2 junction between the atlas and axis. An anterior surgical approach to expose the upper cervical spine for internal fixation and bone grafting has been developed to fix AAI. Currently, no anatomic information exists on the anterior transarticular atlantoaxial screw or screw and plate fixation between C1 and C2 in the Indian population. The objective of this study is to assess the anatomic landmarks of C1–C2 vertebrae: entry point, trajectory, screw length, and safety of the procedure. Overview of Literature: Methods outlined by Magerl and Harms are the optimal approaches among the dorsal techniques. Contraindications for these techniques include aberrant location of vertebral arteries, fractures of C1–C2 posterior structures. In these cases, anterior transarticular fixation is an alternative. Several available screw insertion trajectories have been reported. Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that adequate rigidity of this fixation is comparable with posterior fusion techniques. Methods: Direct measurements using Vernier calipers and a goniometer were recorded from 30 embalmed human cadavers. The primary parameters measured were the minimum and maximum lateral and posterior angulations of the screw in the sagittal and coronal planes, respectively, and optimum screw length, if it was placed accurately. Results: The posterior and lateral angles of screw placement in the coronal and sagittal planes ranged from 16° to 30° (mean±standard deviation [SD], 23.93°±3.93°) and 8° to 17° (mean±SD, 13.3°±2.26°), respectively. The optimum screw length was 25–38 mm (mean±SD, 28.76±3.69 mm). Conclusions: If the screw was inserted without lateral angulation, the spinal canal or cord could be violated. If a longer screw was inserted with greater posterior angulation, the vertebral artery at the posterior or posterolateral aspect of the C1 superior facet could be violated. Thus, 26° and 30° of lateral and posterior angulations, respectively, are the maximum angles permissible to avoid injury of the vertebral artery and violations of the spinal canal or atlanto-occipital joint.