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황대우 ( Daewoo Hwang ) 개혁주의생명신학회 2015 생명과 말씀 Vol.11 No.-
16세기 종교개혁자들 사이에 가장 심각한 신학 논쟁과 분열을 초래한 주제 중 하나가 바로 성찬론이다. 루터파와 츠빙글리파 사이에서 시작된 이 논쟁을 종식시키고 중재하기 위하여 헷세의 필립 공과 신학자 멜랑흐톤과 부써가 노력을 했으나 실패로 돌아가고 말았다. 이런 와중에도 부써는 루터파와 츠빙글리파 사이의 성찬논쟁 속에서도 중심을 잃지 않기 위해 노력했다. 그는 두 진영의 성찬논쟁이 많은 오해들로 점철되었다고 보았기 때문에 그러한 오해들이 사라진다면 얼마든지 그진영을 하나로 연합시킬 수 있다는 희망을 포기하지 않았다. 그 결실이 루터와 합의하게 된 1536년의 비텐베르크 일치신조였는데, 부써가 자신의 성찬론적 양보와 희생을 통해 얻은 결과였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 비텐베르크 일치신조는 결과적으로 루터 진영에서뿐만 아니라, 츠빙글리 진영에서조차도 수용되지 못하는 치욕을 겪어야했다. 그럼에도 불구하고 부써의 노력이 헛되지 않았는데, 그 이유는 칼빈을 통해 결실을 맺었기 때문이다. 부써처럼 칼빈 역시 자신의 성찬론을 양보하고 희생함으로써 불링거와 함께 취리히 일치신조를 작성할 수 있었다. 부써의 성찬론은 처음부터 그 자신의 것이었는데, 이후 칼빈을 통해 알려진 영적 임재설로 분류될 수 있는 것이었다. 부써 성찬론의 핵심은 교제, 즉그리스도와의 교제와 그리스도 안에서 성도 간의 교제였다. 그리고 이교제는 오직 살리는 영이신 성령을 통해 이루어지고, 이 교제를 통해성도들은 신앙적으로 자라간다고 부써는 주장했다. Since the 17th century, one debate theme, between reformers, has been the Lord’s supper. The core point of the debate ‘the body of Christ’ has been evaluated as realism and symbolism. Realism was supported by M. Luther and his successors and symbolism by Zwingli and his academy. Both opinions have been criticized in several different ways. For example, theologians from Switzerland and southern Germany, criticized that ‘consubstantiation’ is equal to ‘transubstantiation’ for Roman Catholics. Furthermore, Zwingli was attacked by the Vittenberg theologians. In this argument, Martin Bucer had been criticized for sometimes using Luther’s terms and insisting they were his own opinion, and sometimes he used Zwingli’s thoughts. In this article, I have insisted that Bucer is not just a mediator between two people but that he had his own opinion. Indeed, he was influenced by Luther (1524), and also by Zwingli (1525~1528), but he had kept his own theory from 1528 to 1536 in the name of ‘Bucerian.’The strongest evidence for his own opinion (koinonia with Jesus, in Jesus) is that there are no differences between the articles about the Lord’s supper. If he was just a meditator for Luther and Zwingli, how did he keep the constancy? To introduce his theory, I have mentioned, according to the next orders, Manducatio Spiritualis, Praesentia Christi was described according to his personal articles. Also I have explained ‘the Lord’s Supper is the fellowship in Jesus and with Jesus.’ Likewise I have introduced the opinion on Luther and Calvin’s ‘spiritual presence’ to prove that Bucer’s theory was advanced through Calvin, and that Bucer’s opinion was covered by the arguement between Luther and Zwingli. As a conclusion, Bucer tried to keep his position between Luther and Zwingli to prevent a separation. e believed that they could both unite if they understood each other. The first fruit of his effort was produced in the Vittenberg Unity Creed (1536), even though that was ultimately refused by them both. However his core belief progressed to Calvin’s ‘spiritual presence.’
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연령증가에 따른 마이크로솜 막지질 과산화수준의 변화와 해독효소계의 관계
조종후,황대우,박상열,Cho, Jong-Hoo,Hwang, DaeWoo,Park, Sang-Youel 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.4
The studies were carried out on the correlation between microsomal lipid peroxidation level and drug metabolizing enzyme activities in rat liver microsomal suspensions on various ages (2-week-old, 2, 4, 8, and 12-month-old). The lipid peroxidation levels of liver homogenates tended to be elevated in a 4-month-old rat livers, but it was a little decreased in 8 and 12-month-old rat livers. The lipid peroxidation levels of microsomal suspension was not shown any significant differences by ages. Lipid peroxidation levels and microsomal cytochrome P450 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity showed a direct correlation (r=0.72 and r=0.64), respectively. The activities of cytochrome P450-dependent aminopyrine-N-demethylase and benzpyrene hydroxylase in rat liver microsomes were increased by ages up to 8-month-old rats and maintained in 12-month-old rats. The correlation between lipid peroxidation levels and these cytochrome-dependent enzyme activities showed a high direct correlation (r=0.97 and r=0.81), respectively.
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