전문가 네트워크를 활용한 도시 관리 사례 연구

최근희(Choi Geun-Hee),이미숙(Lee Mi-Sook) 한국도시행정학회 2007 도시 행정 학보 Vol.20 No.2

Since the beginning of local autonomy, the demands of the citizens on the local government are constantly increasing. Citizens want to get a variety of services and expect a high quality of service. One way for the local government to supply specific public services is to network with experts who have knowledge and knowhow in the field. The purpose of the study is to suggest that the local government can manage more efficiently the city through the networking with experts. This study tries to show how to succeed in setting up and promoting the networking with the experts by analyzing the cases from Geumcheon gu. Networking with the experts needs a lot of efforts. To find out the way to activate the network, this study is focusing on the process of making network. According to the result of the analysis, it is found that positive attitude of local government, selecting appropriate experts, mutually beneficial working, trust construction and feedback play major roles in activating the network between the local government and the experts. Eventually the networking with the experts leads to good governance.

대도시 친환경 도시재생사업에 관한 연구: 미국 Los Angeles시 Playa Vista 지역 사례의 도시유형론적 분석

최근희(Choi, Geun Hee) 한국도시행정학회 2020 도시 행정 학보 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 미국 Los Angeles시 서부해안 Playa Vista지역의 도시재생사업을 도시유형론을 적용하여 분석하고 시사점을 찾아보는 것이다. 이 지역은 1978년 사업이 착수 된지 40여년이 지나 첨단 ICT산업이 밀집된 복합도시공간으로 재탄생되었다. 원래 비행기제조 공장 부지였는데, 재생사업을 시행하면서 망가진 습지를 확대하고 복원하자는 환경단체의 강력한 반대활동 때문에 오랫동안 지연되었다. 지역주민, 환경단체, 정부와 개발주체인 3개의 기업은 습지면적과 복원비용 등을 놓고 큰 갈등을 빚었다. 수많은 고소.고발이 이어졌고, 사업주체가 세 번이나 바뀌었다. 2000년에야 실제 사업이 착수되었고, 일부 주민이 입주했지만, 2008년 세계금융위기로 또 다시 중단되었다. 2012년 환경영향평가를 둘러싼 법적 소송이 모두 일단락되면서 나머지 공간이 개발되었다. 사업주체인 기업들은 사업관련 환경변화와 이해 당사자의 의견을 적극 수용하였다. 결국 부지의 약70%가 습지로 복원되었으며 세계적 기업들이 입지하는 신산업 공간이 되면서 성공적인 친환경 재생사업의 모델이 되었다. 도시유형론의 관점에서 분석하면, 초기사업은 엘리트주의가 지배했지만, 뒤에는 다원주의가 지배하는 사업으로 변화했음을 알 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to analyze urban regeneration project of Playa Vista area in the west coast of LA, via applying urban typology and then suggest the implications. Since its inception in 1978, this area has been reborn as a mixed-use space with high-tech ICT firms. This regeneration project took a long time because of wetland protection issue in the area. Originally used as a site for airplane manufacturing plants, the project continued to be delayed as the NGO’s insistence on protecting the marsh was neglected during this project. 3 companies, local residents, environmental groups, governments, and development agencies, faced major conflicts over the area of wetlands and the budget for restoration. Many law suits continued, and major entities changed three times. It was only the first time in 2000 that the first residents moved in, but in 2008 it was stopped again by the global financial crisis. As all litigations surrounding the environmental impact assessment were completed in 2012, the conflict was resolved and the remaining space was developed. The business owners actively embraced the relevant environmental changes and stakeholders’ opinions that occurred over a very long time. As about 70% of the entire site has been restored to wetlands and parks, and is considered a model for successful eco-friendly regeneration projects. Analyzing from the urban typology point of view, it turned out that the first was dominated by elitism, but later changed into a pluralist-dominated project.

가족친화형 도시개발에 관한 연구

최근희(Choi, Geun Hee),진수경(Jin Soo Kyung) 한국도시행정학회 2014 도시 행정 학보 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 도시에 거주하는 젊은 부부, 특히 아이엄마가 직장생활을 하는 가정의 경우 출산과 양육으로 인한 경제적 부담에 대한 큰 걱정 없이, 마음 놓고 아이를 키울 수 있는 가족친화형 도시(family friendly city)를 만드는 방안을 찾아보는 것이다. 특히 시민들이 국공립아동보육시설의 확충을 원하는 원인과 문제점, 그리고 대안을 찾아보았다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 우선 가족친화형 도시가 무엇인가 개념을 정리한다. 다양한 관점에서 접근하고 있는 가족친화형 도시의 의미와 범위를 찾아 분석해 보고 본 연구의 목적에 맞는 개념을 명확하게 정립하고 이를 토대로 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구는 우리 사회에서 가장 심각한 문제 중의 하나인 저출산 문제이고 그 해결을 위해 아이를 양육하는 젊은 부부가 주로 거주하는 도시가 아이의 출산과 양육이 용이한 가족친화형 도시로 만들 수 있는 방법을 분석하였다. 이러한 가족친화형도시를 만들기 위해 다음과 같은 정책대안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 일정규모 이상의 도시개발이나 재개발 사업은 계획단계에서부터 국공립보육시설의 건설을 필수 인프라시설로 간주하고 법적인 의무화를 해야 한다. 둘째로 보육시장상황을 정확하게 파악하기 위하여 보육시설의 공급과 수요를 지역별로 정확하에 파악하여야 한다. 특정도시가 지역에서 양자의 불일치가 있다면 이런 지역에 정부지원이 우선되어야 할 것이므로 정책입안의 가장 중요한 첫 단계가 수요 공급 파악이라 할 수 있다. 셋째로, 저출산 문제의 원인 중의 하나가 보육에 대한 엄청남 부담문제이고 이는 국가의 장래는 물론 도시경쟁력에 관련된 심각한 문제이므로 정부가 과감하게 이 문제 해결을 위해 재정적 지원을 아끼지 말아야 할 것이다. 넷째로는 기존의 보육시설에 대한 정부의 관리감독이 철저해야 한다. 특히 다양한 특별활동을 이유로 과다한 추가 보육비를 학부모에게 부담시키지 못하도록 정부가 나서야 한다. 다섯째로 정치적 장애 극복방안을 마련해야 한다. 결국 시민들의 여론이 방패막이가 될 수 있을 것이므로 시설장들의 무리한 이기주의를 물리칠 수 있도록 여론전도 필요하다. 마지막으로 보육서비스의 질 향상을 위한 정부의 지원과 감독이 필요하다. 이러한 과제가 해결되면 서울을 비롯한 우리나라의 도시가 가족친화형으로 변화 발전할 것이고 도시경쟁력이 향상될 것이며 국가적 과제도 달성할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this research is to define what the family friendly cities are, and to find out how mothers with jobs can not have much burden on raise their babies. We tries to examine the ways of improving cities where young couples can easily take care of their babies. <br/> The low birth rate has recently come to the fore as a serious social issue especially in urban areas in Korea. It will decrease urban competitiveness and become a serious national problem in human capital supply.<br/> This research suggest following policy alternatives: (1) to build government (or public) owned child care center in urban development projects; (2) to check mismatch on demand and supply of child care center service provision; (3) to expand government funding on child care service provision; (4) to prevent from not putting extra financial burden on parents; (5) to control political pressure effectively; and (6) find out way of raising the service level of child care centers.

파주출판문화산업단지 건설이 지역경제에 미치는 파급효과에 관한연구

최근희(Choi Geun Hee),조윤영(Cho Yoon Young) 한국도시행정학회 2009 도시 행정 학보 Vol.22 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic multiplier impacts of cultural industrial complex on the regional economy using a regional inputoutput model. The impact of Paju Book City operation as an industry complex is that output increased by about 16,737 hundred million won, income increased by about 6,004 hundred million won, and employment increased by 16,123 people. The impact of the cultural event is 422 hundred million won, income increased by 69 hundred million won, and employment increased by 81 people. As a result it can be said that Paju Book City as a cultural industrial quarter is having a positive influence on its regional economy.

미국의 스마트 성장정책에 관한 연구

최근희(Choi Geun Hee) 한국도시행정학회 2012 도시 행정 학보 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this research is to analyze the smart growth policy of the US and provide policy alternatives. The smart growth policy has been implemented for preventing excessive urban sprawl. We investigated the development processes of the smart growth policy. This paper introduces the reasons of why smart growth policy has been implemented in the US. It also investigates the principles, goals and problems of the smart growth policy. The policy alternatives of this research are suggested as: (1) The government should incorporate the philosophy of smart growth into master plans; (2) The government should change the paradigm of suburban development; (3) The transit-oriented development policy must be fully implemented; (4) Cuncurrency planning should be required when the government has plans to develop urban outskirt regions; (5) The government must consider the equity among generations in distributing resourses; and (6) The social mix development must be upgraded like the cases of the smart growth in the US.

서울시 저밀도아파트 재건축사업에 대한 도시유형론적 분석

최근희(Choi, Geun Hee) 한국지역개발학회 2004 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

This study investigated the urban redevelopment policy of the low density apartment complexes in Seoul in the context of urban typology, i.e., elitism, corporatism, and pluralism. The hot conflict among interest groups on redevelopment of apartment complexes seemed not to be solved easily in the mid-1990s. Apartments' owners and construction companies tried to maximize their profits from the redevelopment projects, while the govemments did not. This paper figured out who interest groups were, how they put their interests in redevelopment related policies, and finally which urban typology was fit to properly interpret the policy making processes. We found that the urban redevelopment projects in Seoul would be explained to have been perforrning under elite system until 1991, but under corporatism system after 1991. The Korean society has been changed from the society under elitism to one under corporatism in the early 1990, but not to one under pluralism yet.

중국 베이징의 본사경제 발전현황 분석

최근희(Choi Geun-Hee),서운석(Suh Woon-Seok) 한국도시행정학회 2007 도시 행정 학보 Vol.20 No.1

The wave of 'Headquarters Economy' (HQ Economy) is now sweeping across China. Municipal governments are interested in the newly emerged economy, as it can attract many large enterprises to set up their headquarters in the city, forming a large scale HQ compound, bringing along with them big business and profit. There are two positive consequences of headquarters economy. First, it promotes regional cooperation and ends vicious competition. The second consequence of HQ economy is that the regional consumption will be promoted. Currently, developing the HQ Economy in Beijing has become a consensus among the municipal officials and an important part of the capital's general plan of economic development. Beijing needs to further improve the investment environment, take the advantage of being the country's capital, introduce more attractive policies, adopt more preferable measures for foreign investors, greatly develop the HQ Economy, in a bid to attract a broad range of enterprises to base and invest in the city. Different districts in Beijing have also mapped out their distinctive development plans according to their different characteristics. The Zhongguancun Technology zone, the Central Business District(CBD), the Financial Street, the three large business zones have formed their own characteristics, competing yet complementing with each other.

우리나라 첨단산업도시 개발정책의 변화에 관한 연구

최근희(Choi Geun Hee) 한국도시행정학회 2010 도시 행정 학보 Vol.23 No.4

The purpose of this research is to analyze problems of various hi-tech industrial complexes which have been built via government led policies and provide policy alternatives. We investigated hi-tech complex development policies implemented from president Rho Tae Woo's to president Lee Myung Bak's regime. We examined what kinds of complexes were developed and the analyzed problems associated with policy implementation, development processes, and management. Various problems associated with policy processes stem from top-down development, frequent policy changes, excessive competition among government departments, as well as conflicts among local governments; the problems of development processes are inadequate locational decision, multiple complex construction, excessively large sized complex construction, and focussing on physical facilities such as buildings, bulldozer style development of land; and the problems of management include failing to attract many scientists and engineers, lack of sufficient funds, frequent merger of research institutions, and many appointment of former politicians and high ranking government officials as top management officers. The policy alternatives of this research are as follows: (1) The government should stop the excessive intervention of research institutions. (2) The government should assist formation of community networks. (3) Locational decision should not be based upon political purposes but according to unique features of hi-tech complex. (4) Policy-makers should refrain from redeveloping the land in standardized way like a grid but shift towards redevelopment methods that minimize environmental degradation. (5) Name of the complex should reflect unique features of the location that will help build more close ties with the community. (6) To foster permanent residence of scientists it is necessary to provide high quality education for their children and various job opportunities for their spouses. (7) Avoid the merger of research institutes done by every new regimes.

서울시 첨단벤처산업 개발 정책에 관한 연구: 창업보육센터 입주기업을 중심으로

최근희(Choi Geun Hee) 한국지역개발학회 2018 韓國地域開發學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the High-Tech related Venture Industry Development Policies for firms in the business incubators in Seoul, to find out their problems, and then to suggest policy alternatives. This study examines the 220 high-tech venture firms in the 37 business incubators in Seoul. We also investigate the various supporting policies for the Business Incubators by the governments. We evaluate the impacts of the government policies, via applying the Tobit regression model to this case. There are one dependent variable, proportion of graduating firms, and the 14 independent variables. It is interesting to find out that the government supporting policies are not statistically significant in some industries, which reflects the opinions from the start-up firms, differently from the expectation of supporting government agencies. Some BI managers interviewed respond to our questions on these findings, insisting that the amount of financial support per firm/project were not enough and uniformly allocated. They also points out that the government policies were so quickly changing. They could not catch up with the differently changing government policies.

Which Criteria determinne Interregional Distribution of Government Investments in Relation to Urban and Regional Policies

Geun Hee Choi(최근희) 한국도시행정학회 1996 도시 행정 학보 Vol.9 No.-