Comparison of Frequency and Stay Time between Normal and Abnormal Elimination Behavior of Cats Using a Litter Box with Automatic Sensor

채준석 한국임상수의학회 2024 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.41 No.2

Changes in elimination behavior, including urination and defecation, are common clinical signs of numerous disorders in cats. Therefore, this study attempted to automatically measure the elimination behavior of cats using the litter box and develop an early warning system for the guardian in case of abnormalities. To construct an early warning system for abnormal changes through cat elimination behavior, it consisted of a litter box, an automatic sensor for data collection and data wifi transmission, a server for data analysis, and a mobile phone app for result transmission and early warning. To establish the reference interval (RI), the elimination behavior was monitored for more than 2 weeks using a motion sensor within a litter box in 37 healthy cats and 19 diseased cats. The data were expressed as daily total visits, daily total stay duration, average stay duration per elimination, weekly total visits, and weekly total stay duration. Healthy cats showed median daily total visits of 3 times/day (RI 1.0-7.0) and daily total stay duration of 192 s/day (RI 8.0-452.0). For weekly data, the median total visits were 20 times/week (RI 3.0-35.25) and the median total stay duration was 1,147 s/week (RI 80.0-2,249.5). The average stay duration per elimination was 59 s/elimination (RI 4.67-132.0). Diseased cats showed more frequent elimination behavior than healthy cats (p < 0.001). Otherwise, for each elimination, diseased cats had shorter stay durations than healthy cats (p < 0.001). This study established the RIs of elimination behavior parameters (frequency and duration) in healthy cats. The present study might help guardians and veterinarians detect changes in elimination behaviors in diseased cats at an early stage.

건설업 안전경영시스템모델 개발

채준석,갈원모,손기상 안전경영과학회 2001 안전경영과학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Safety management cost, US$ one thousand billion has been input to the construction area from 1995 to 2000 but the management quality is still in the developing country level. The above mentioned increase of accident rate are attributed to the generous code regulation, net fit to the sense, varying with time change, but the more fundamental reason of this is no practical construction safety management system, up to now. Hardware-orienting operation for the system could be a main reason of this problem. In this paper, we developed a model for efficient construction safety system. It was found from the case study that the model result in high efficient with low cost.

안전관리 기법에 관한 실증적 연구 : 건설작업을 중심으로

채준석,갈원모,손기상 안전경영과학회 2000 안전경영과학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Many Safety training up to now has been done at site varying with their condition without any standardization or fundamental work related technique. In order to prevent any accidents from construction site, now as we all know, we have to approach on it with work based method. The authors have investigated a couple of construction site for collecting the ideas from site Engineers of this. Some of ideas analyzed with the above related data have been shown as conclusions.

기획 II: 구제역 예방을 위한 농장관리

채준석,Chae, Jun-Seok 대한수의사회 2011 대한수의사회지 Vol.47 No.3

최근 국내에 구제역이 전국적으로 확산되면서 구제역 방역에 관한 관심이 새롭게 대두되고 있다. 국제화가 되어 갈수록 국가방역은 한계가 있을 수밖에 없으며, 철새나 공기 등을 통한 병원체의 국내 상륙은 얼마든지 있을 수 있는 상황이다. 국가 방역시스템 구축도 중요하지만 축산농가에서 자율방역 시스템이 우선되어야 하며, 농장 시스템의 구조적 개량과 축산인 교육을 통한 방역 의식의 변화가 있어야 할 것이다. 많은 국가에서 구제역이 발생되고 있지만 특히 미국에서는 1929년 이후 지금까지 구제역 청정 국가를 유지하고 있는데 구제역 예방을 위하여 어떻게 관리되고 있는지 문헌적 고찰을 통하여 알아보고, 수의사들의 행동수칙과 축산인 교육을 어떻게 해야 할 것인지 알아보고자 한다.

마필임상(1)-말산업과 유비무환

채준석,Chae, Jun-Seok 대한수의사회 2008 대한수의사회지 Vol.44 No.6

건설업 안전경영시스템모델 개발

채준석,갈원모,손기상 대한안전경영과학회 2001 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Safety management cost, US$ one thousand billion has been input to the construction area from 1995 to 2000 but the management quality is still in the developing country level. The above mentioned increase of accident rate are attributed to the generous code regulation, net fit to the sense, varying with time change, but the more fundamental reason of this is no practical construction safety management system, up to now. Hardware-orienting operation for the system could be a main reason of this problem. In this paper, we developed a model for efficent construction safety system. It was found from the case study that the model result in high efficient with low cost.

안전관리 기법에 관한 실증적 연구 : 건설작업을 중심으로

채준석,갈원모,손기상 대한안전경영과학회 2000 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.2 No.1

개의 Babesia gibsoni 감염예방에 관한 연구 1. 항원의 Sonication 및 Formalin 처리에 의한 예방접종

채준석,인동철,이주묵,윤창모,Chae Joon-Seok,Ihn Dong-Cheol,Lee Joo-Muk,Yoon Chang-Mo 한국임상수의학회 1990 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

To examine the effects of vaccination against Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs, 15 normal mixed-breed dogs(5 month to 1 year old) divided into 3 groups with 5 dogs in a group. One of them was selected as control group(group A) and others were selected as experimental groups(group B and C). The group B was vaccinated with sonicated antigens and the group C was vaccinated with 0.2% of formalin treated antigens. The results obtained in the examination were summarized as follows : 1. In the western blot, the lane A revealed specific two bands on the regions of 54kd and 100kd, respectively. 2. After the first vaccination, the antibody titers of group B and C were higher 5 times(1 : 200) than those of control group(1:40). After the second vaccination, the antibody titers of group B and C have not changed. When challenged with the protozoa(Babesia gibsoni), the antibody titers(1 : 5,000) were elevated in all groups. But these were not exceeded over 1 : 5,000 for 4 weeks. 3. After challenge, the peak time of increased numbers of the protozoa was the 15th day (12-18 days) in all groups. During these days, the rate of parasitized erythrocytes in control group was 55.0${\pm}$5.4%. But those of group B and group C were 26.0${\pm}$6.4%, and 15.6${\pm}$7.8%, respectively. 4. After challenge, all of the values of PCV, Hb, RBC were shown to decrease in all of the control and experimental groups. 5. The total leukocytes counts are shown a tendency of reduction in all groups after challenge. 6. In all groups, there were increase in lymphocytes and monocytes after challenge.

Caine Babesia spp. 감염증예

채준석,인동철,한재철,김남수,이주묵,최인혁,Chae Joon-Seak,Ihn Dong-Chul,Han Jae-Chul,Kim Nam-Soo,Lee Joo-Muk,Choi In-Hyuk 한국임상수의학회 1989 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

A dog which was hospitalized to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbug National University on December 28, 1988 was revealed severe anemia: hemoglobinuria and weakness. In the inspections, abdominal pain and spleno megaly at the ventral abdomen were detected by palpations. In the examinations of blood, the obtained results were summarized as follows: Babesla spp. was identified on the blood smear stained with Giemsa. The Babesia spp. was assumed to the Babesia gibsoni for the their small size and pleomorphism such as comma form, ring form and dot form. In the blood examinations of the patient, Ht: 22.5%, RBC:354${\times}$10$^4$/${\mu}\ell$, Hb: 8.8g/dl, serum protein: 8g/dl, and WBC count was 21, 425/${\mu}\ell$. In the chemical examinations of serum, the value of AST(GOT) was 30iu and ALT(GPT) was 20iu, respectively. The blood sugar was 60mg/d1. In the urine test, urine protein was 30mg/d1 and the hemoglobin In the urine was the +++ and occult blood reaction(Benzidine test) in the feces was +++. Splenomegaly was confirmed by X-ray examination. To confirm for the Babesia spp. infection, 5ml of the whole blood of the patient(3% of Parasitized erythrocytes) were inoculated into the cephalic vein of the two normal dogs. In the blood of experimental dogs which were inoculated parasitized blood, Babesia spp. was detected in the two doss and pleomorphic parasites were observed, too. In the blood examinations of No. 1 the Ht and RBC were decreased to 6.8% and 52${\times}$10$^4$/${\mu}\ell$, respectively. WBC count was 10.600/${\mu}\ell$ and serum protein was 6.8g/dl. The rates of parasitized erythrocytes were 15% in the experimental dog. Also +++ of the hemoglobin was detected in the urine. In the X-ray examination, splenomegaly was comfirmed and it was confirmed by autopsy of the experimental dog(No. 1).

Detection of Antibodies Reacting with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis from Cats, Horses and Cattle in Korea

채준석,허은정,박진호,최경성,양재혁,김도영,김준규,최귀철,강문일,J. Stephen Dumler,이성수,강태영 한국임상수의학회 2009 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.26 No.6

Antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis were detected by the immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test in sera collected from cats, thoroughbred horses and Holstein cattle in Gwangju, Jeonju and Jeju Island of Korea. Two hundred fifty four sera (33 feral and pet cats, 92 grazing horses and 129 grazing cattle) were obtained from Republic of Korea. Antibodies to A. phagocytophilum (titer ≥ 80) were detected in 6 of the 33 feral and pet cats (18.2%), and 1 seropositive cat (3.0%) also had antibodies to E. chaffeensis. Only 1 of 129 (0.8%) cattle and 2 of 92 (2.2%) horses had antibodies to A. phagocytophilum. Antibodies to E. chaffeensis were not detected in either of these animals. This is the first report of serological evidence of A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis from cats, cattle and horses in Korea. These rickettsial agents could have an important impact on human health or impact animal health with economic losses among industrial grazing animals in Korea.