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탁구경기에서 첫 경기 결과에 따른 승리확률과 심리적 현상 탐색
이동운,채웅비,오윤경,이근철 한국스포츠심리학회 2024 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide substantial help to the athlete and the game strategy of the manager by verifying the odds to win entire games when getting preemptive score in the table tennis game and by exploring psychological phenomenon shown from the athlete in the process of getting preemptive score. Methods: The results were drawn through the factor of getting preemptive score, analysis of odds to win entire games by situation, in-depth interview and the inductive content analysis by collecting the data on 846 games of the semi-final and final matches of 2021 and 2022 domestic table tennis games provided in homepage of Korea Table Tennis Association and from 15 table tennis athletes. Results: First, It was shown that when succeeding preemptive score for entire game, by year, team and by game type, the winner wins the entire games with high probability. Second, in case of succeeding preemptive score in 715 games that the winner wins the game when winning three matches out of five matches, the probability to win entire games by set was represented to be more than 70% except 2 situations. In the meantime, in case of failing the preemptive score, the probability to win the entire games by remaining set was represented to be less than 30% except 1 situation. Third, in the results of reviewing the importance of preemptive score, 67 raw data were drawn, which were classified to 2 areas(the psychological reinforcement, technical and strategic reinforcement). Fourth, in the results of reviewing the preceding factors of preemptive score, 36 raw data were drawn, which were classified into 4 areas(technical, psychological, physical and strategic elements). Fifth, in the results of examining the indications after failing preemptive score, 39 raw data were drawn, which were classified into 2 areas(induction of negative psychological factor and the drop of performance capability). Conclusion: The table tennis athletes were experiencing diverse psychological states depending on the preemptive score and it was found that the preemptive score has great impact on the athlete performance. As a result, the results drawn from this study seem to provide new perspective to the qualitatively insufficient research related to preemptive score and are expected to be applied substantially to the game strategy of the athlete and the manager actively and the similar racket games and the games having similar rules. 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 탁구경기에서 첫 경기 승리 즉 선취점을 획득하였을 때, 전체경기의 승리확률을 확인하고 선취점 과정에서 선수에게 나타나는 심리적 현상을 탐색하여 선수의 경기력과 지도자의 경기전략에 실질적인도움을 주는 것이다. 방법: 대한탁구협회 홈페이지에서 제공되고 있는 2021년 및 2022년 국내 탁구대회 4강 및결승전 846경기의 결과와 탁구선수 15명을 대상으로 심층면담 자료를 수집하여 선취점의 요인 및 상황별 전체승리확률 분석, 심층면담과 귀납적 내용분석을 통해 결과를 도출하였다. 결과: 첫째, 전체경기, 년도별, 소속별, 경기유형별 모두 선취점에 성공하였을 때, 높은 확률로 전체경기를 승리하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 5판 3승제 715경기에서 선취점에 성공하였을 경우, 2개의 상황을 제외한 나머지 세트별 전체경기 승리확률은 모두 70% 이상인것으로 나타났다. 반면, 선취점에 실패하였을 경우, 1개의 상황을 제외한 나머지 세트별 전체경기 승리확률은 모두 30% 이하인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 선취점의 중요성에 대해 살펴본 결과, 67개의 원자료가 도출되었으며, 이는 2개(심리적 강화, 기술‧전략적 강화)의 영역으로 분류되었다. 넷째, 선취점의 선행요인에 대해 살펴본 결과, 36 개의 원자료가 도출되었으며, 이는 4개(기술적, 심리적, 신체적, 전략적 요소)의 영역으로 분류되었다. 다섯째, 선취점 실패 후 증상에 대해 살펴본 결과, 39개의 원자료가 도출되었으며, 이는 2개(부정적인 심리요인 유발, 수행력 하락)의 영역으로 분류되었다. 결론: 탁구선수들은 선취점의 유무에 따라 다양한 심리 상태를 경험하고 있었으며, 선취점이 경기력에 지대한 영향을 주는 것을 볼 수 있다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 도출된 결과는 질적으로미흡한 선취점 관련 연구의 새로운 관점을 제공해줄 것으로 보이며, 실질적으로 선수와 지도자의 경기전략과 기타 유사라켓 종목이나 규칙이 비슷한 종목 등에도 적극적으로 적용되리라 기대된다.
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코치의 인지된 건강상태와 학습된 무기력, 직무만족 간의 구조적 관계 검증
이동운,김용세,채웅비,이근철 한국스포츠심리학회 2023 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.34 No.4
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between coaches’ perceived health, job satisfaction, and learned helplessness, and to provide a framework for improving the treatment of coaches and advancing research related to coaches by examining the mediating effect of job satisfaction. Methods: Data were collected from 176 coaches registered in the Korean Sport and Olympic Committee through convenience sampling, which is a non-probability sampling method, and results were obtained through confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, and mediating effect analysis using regression analysis. Results: First, the independent variable, perceived health, was negatively related to the dependent variable, learned helplessness. Second, the independent variable, perceived health, was positively related to the mediating variable, job satisfaction. Third, the mediating variable, job satisfaction, was negatively related to the dependent variable, learned helplessness. Fourth, the inclusion of the mediator, job satisfaction, reduced the effect of the independent variable, perceived health, on learned helplessness. Fifth, as a result of examining the statistical significance of the mediating effect of job satisfaction, the indirect effect was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study show that coaches’ health is a significant predictor of learned helplessness, a negative psychological variable, and that maintaining adequate personal health can prevent learned helplessness by increasing job satisfaction. Therefore, the results of this study can serve as a starting point for further research on learned helplessness in athletic coaches, especially in relation to coaches’ negative psychological status.
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