파탄주의 이혼원인 입법례에 관한 약간의 고찰

조경애(Cho, Kyung-Ae) 한국가족법학회 2018 가족법연구 Vol.32 No.2

There are two systems of laws governing grounds for divorce: a fault-based divorce regime and a no-fault divorce regime. According to a fault-based divorce regime, divorce is severely restricted by allowing it only if one spouse is responsible for marital breakdown and the other spouse proves such fault of a guilty spouse’s. No-fault divorce law allows divorce for no other reason that the marriage is broken without asking responsibilities of each party in the process of divorce. It is also characterized by the fact that marriage can be freely resolved by allowing divorce due to separation during a certain period of time. Grounds for divorce in Korea are based on a fault-based regime, which are criticized for infringing the freedom of divorce, human dignity and the right to pursue happiness. The purpose of this article is to consider grounds for divorce in British, American and Japanese divorce laws in order to review the introduction of a no-fault divorce regime in Korean divorce law. Common law generally adopts a no-fault divorce regime, but British law and American law differs in their systems. In addition, since a no-fault divorce regime of common law has not been fully introduced, this article aims to introduce foreign legislations limited to common law. In Japan, although grounds for divorce for judicial divorce are similar to those of Korea, a no-fault divorce regime was introduced by the precedent and an amendment, proposed in 1996, focusing on the introduction of a no-fault divorce regime. Because Japanese divorce law has implications for Korean divorce law in this regard, we examined Japanese divorce law. The conclusion is as follows: British and American divorce law systems adopted a no-fault divorce regime in principle. In those systems, if a certain period of time elapses for a period of separation, divorce is granted irrespective of whether the other party is willing to oppose the divorce or whether the applicant has any liability. Japan has a similar divorce law system to that of Korea. However, it introduced a no-fault divorce regime in the amendment of divorce law designed to transform into a no-fault divorce regime in 1996, that allows divorce by separation of five years. It also took into account the protection of victims that could appear in a no-fault divorce system by putting provisions on hardship clauses and the principle of good faith. From this point of view, common law has changed from a fault-based divorce regime to a no-fault divorce regime in accordance with history and social development, and Japan s amendment also contains this social change. These foreign legislations seem to be highly suggestive of the necessity of reviewing changes in grounds for divorce for judicial divorce in Korea which have been stagnant for over 60 years and transition to a no-fault divorce regime.

1996년 민법개정안과 일본이혼법의 변화

조경애 ( Cho Kyung-ae ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2017 공공정책연구 Vol.34 No.1

1996년에 일본법무성 산하의 법제심의회의는 『민법의 일부를 개정하는 법률안 요강안』을 의결하여 법무대신에게 답신하였다. 가족 내에서의 남녀불평등의 시정이라는 사회적 요구에 대응하여 마련된 이 요강안은 부부별씨제도(夫婦別氏制度)를 비롯한 몇 가지 가족법의 개정과 함께 이혼법의 일부개정을 주요 내용으로 하였다. 이 요강안은 재판상 이혼의 이혼사유로서 별거기간을 5년으로 한정하고, 혼인파탄을 원인으로 한 이혼청구에 대해 재판관의 재량권을 일정 정도 제약한다는 특징을 지닌다. 이 요강안은 일본이혼법의 파탄주의적 속성을 더욱 강화할 것으로 예상된다. 현재 정치권 내에서의 의견차이로 인해 일본의 이혼법은 개정이 늦어지고 있지만, 요강안에 담겨진 적극적 파탄주의는 2000년대에 들어와 유책배우자의 이혼청구사건 판결에 적지 않은 영향력을 행사하고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 『민법의 일부를 개정하는 법률안 요강안』에 포함된 이혼법 개정안의 내용을 소개하고 그 특징과 문제점을 평가하며 이혼법 개정안이 전후(戰後) 일본 이혼법의 파탄주의 강화 경향과 어떤 관련이 있는지를 밝히는데 있다. 전 세계적으로 개인의 행복추구권을 보장하는 파탄주의 이혼법이 대세인 반면에, 우리나라의 이혼법은 여전히 유책주의를 채택하고 있다. 이 연구는 일본의 1996년 민법개정안 분석을 통해 우리나라에서의 이혼법 개정에 대한 사회적인 관심을 촉구한다는 부차적인 목적을 지닌다. The Legislative Deliberation Council, an advisory committee to the Minister of Justice of Japan, adopted a resolution for the Proposition for Revisions in the Civil Law in 1996. The Proposition, which was regarded as a governmental response to the social pressure to redress the sexual inequality within a family, included revisions of family laws such as the Spouses`Free Selection of Family Name as well as partial revisions in the divorce law. The main features of the Proposition in the divorce law area were the limitation of the period of separation to 5 years as a cause for divorce in a law suit and the limitation of the discretionary power of judges in a divorce suit. The Proposition was expected to intensify the no-fault element in the Japanese divorce law. The Proposition has influenced court decisions on a divorce suit from a guilty spouse since the 2000s even though it is not legislated yet. The purpose of this article is to introduce and analyze the revisions of divorce law included in the Proposition for Revisions in the Civil Law of 1996, and to evaluate its influence on the growing tendency of no-fault divorce in the Japanese divorce court. The no-fault divorce, which puts an emphasis on the individual`s right for happiness over the protection of a less privileged spouse, has been firmly established in the advanced industrial democracies since the 1970`s, while Korea is still under the fault based divorce law. By analyzing the Proposition for Revisions in Civil Law of 1996, this study attempts to give suggestions for the introduction of no-fault elements into the Korean divorce law, as well as to urge social attention to the revision of divorce law in Korea.

중학생의 자아개념과 자기주도학습 간 관계에서 자기통제의 매개 효과 : v

조경애(Cho kyung ae),김지현(Kim ji hyeon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.21

본 연구의 목적은 중학생의 자아개념이 자기주도학습에 미치는 영향에서 자기통제의 매개효과를 종단적으로 검증하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 서울교육종단연구에서 중학생 1학년에 해당하는 4(2013년), 5(2014년), 6(2015년)차년도의 참여한 총 3,121명의 자료를 분석하였다. 자료 분석에는 시간의 선행성을 고려한 자기회귀교차지연모형을 활용하였다. 연구결과 중1의 자아개념, 자기통제력, 자기주도학습은 이후 중2, 중3의 자아개념, 자기통제력, 자기주도학습에 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤고, 중1의 자아개념은 중2의 자기통제력을 매개로 중3의 자기주도학습에 정적 영향을 나타냈으며, 자기통제의 종단적 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 자아개념이 높은 학생은 자기통제력이 높고 결국 자기주도학습 능력이 높아지는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 한편 중1 의 자아개념이 중3의 자기주도학습에 미치는 직접적 영향도 유의미하여 자기통제는 자아개념과 자기주도학습 간 관계에서 부분매개 효과를 나타냈다. This study aims to examine the longitudinal mediation effects of self-control in the influence of self-concept relationship on self-directed learning among middle school students. Thus, this study analyzed the data of a total of 3,121 participants in the 4th (2013), 5 (2014), and 6 (2015) years corresponding to the first year of middle school students in Seoul Education Longitudinal Study. The analysis was performed using an autoregressive cross-lagged model considering the precedence of time. As a result of the study, self-concept, self-control, and self-directed learning of middle school first graders had a significant positive effect on self-concept, self-control, and self-directed learning of middle school second-graders and third graders. The self-concept of middle school first-graders had a positive effect on self-directed learning of middle school third-graders through the self-control of middle school second-graders, and the longitudinal mediation effects of self-control were statistically significant. Students with high self-concept have higher self-control and eventually higher self-directed learning ability. Meanwhile, the direct effect of the self-concept of middle school first-graders on self-directed learning of middle school third-graders was also significant, showing a partial mediation effect.

광원의 색온도 및 연색성에 따른 밝음의 느낌에 관한 연구

이진우(Chin-Woo Yi),지철근(Chol-Kon Chee),조경애(Kyung-Ae Cho) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2002 한국조명·전기설비학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2002 No.-

본 연구에서는 광원의 색온도와 연색성의 차이에 의한 밝음의 느낌과 조도와의 관계를 밝히기 위하여 이종 램프간, 또한 동종 램프 간의 비교 실험을 시각 대상물로 흑백 인쇄문자지와 색상지를 사용하여 수행하였다. 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 백열전구, 형광램프, 고압 나트륨램프, 메탈핼라이드램프, 무전극 방전램프를 대상으로 실험을 수행하여, 램프 간 실험 결과의 통계처리 결과, 백열전구와 무전극 방전램프, 주광색 형광램프와 무전극 방전램프, 고압 나트륨램프와 무전극 방전램프, 메탈핼라이드램프와 무전극 방전램프는 유의수준 5[%] 이내에서 결과에 분명한 차이가 있음이 밝혀졌다.