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인 고도처리를 위한 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF)의 슬러지 발생특성
장여주(Yeoju Jang),정진홍(Jinhong Jung),장향연(Hyangyoun Chang),박나리(Nari Park),미라툴 매크피로(Miratul Maghfiroh),김원재(Weonjae Kim) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회지 Vol.42 No.11
목적: 공공수역의 부영양화를 방지하기 위하여 환경부에서는 공공하수처리시설의 방류수 수질기준을 강화한 결과, 국내 하수처리시설에는 다양한 인 고도처리공정이 도입되었다. 기존의 인 고도처리시스템은 일반적으로 과도한 약품비 및 슬러지 발생 등의 문제를 안고 있기 때문에 새로운 공정의 개발이 필수적이다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 침전과 부상분리를 통합한 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF)을 개발하고, 해당 공정의 운전조건을 최적화하기 위하여 여러 모의실험을 수행하였다. 수정된 Jar-test 기법을 사용하여 SeDAF 공정에서의 수질 변화 및 슬러지 발생특성을 집중적으로 분석하였다. 결과 및 토의 : 전 수질항목에서 침전공정 대비 침전부상공정의 제거효율이 우수하고 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. SeDAF 공정에서는 응집제 주입농도의 증가에 따라 슬러지 발생량이 4 ㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> as SS / ㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> as Al₂O₃씩 비례하여 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 최적처리조건(최적 응집제 주입조건)에서 부상슬러지 및 침전슬러지 내 고형물질(suspended solids, SS) 및 총인(total phosphorus, T-P)의 부하비율(ratio)과 총 슬러지 대비 부상슬러지 내 SS 및 T-P의 부하분율(fraction)은 일정한 범위로 수렴하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 슬러지 내 부하비율(ratio) 및 부하분율(fraction) 인자를 모니터링함으로써 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF) 운전조건의 적정성을 판단할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 응집제 주입농도의 저감이 슬러지 발생량의 감소로 직결됨을 확인하였다. Objectives : In order to prevent eutrophication and algal blooms, Ministry of Environment in Korea reinforced the effluent standards of wastewater treatment facilities. As a result, many advanced wastewater treatment processes have been implemented nationwide. Current conventional treatment systems have usually been facing high operational costs and large sludge production problems. Therefore, it is essential to develop more economic and efficient process to cope with these issues. Methods : The sedimentation and dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process has been developed, that integrates sedimentation and dissolved air flotation. Several simulation experiments were carried out to verify and optimize the operation conditions of the SeDAF process. Removal efficiencies of each water quality item and sludge mass balance were analyzed intensively in the SeDAF process using the modified jar-test. Results and Discussion : Removal efficiencies of the SeDAF process were higher and more stable than those of sedimentation process. Several ‘sludge production / coagulant dosage’ ratios were analyzed and the representative value of 4 ㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> as SS / ㎎・L<SUP>-1</SUP> as Al₂O₃ was obtained in the SeDAF process. Fractions of suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (T-P) in sludge were measured; the ratios of flotation sludge to sedimentation sludge and fractions of flotation sludge in total sludge had their typical convergence ranges for the conditions of optimal coagulant dosage. Conclusions : The ratios or fractions of SS and T-P in sludge could be applied as the evaluation indicators of the SeDAF process. The reduction of coagulant dosage could be corresponded directly to the reduction of sludge production.
인 고도처리를 위한 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF)의 최적 응집제 주입조건 결정
장여주 ( Yeoju Jang ),정진홍 ( Jinhong Jung ),장향연 ( Hyangyoun Chang ),박나리 ( Nari Park ),임현만 ( Hyunman Lim ),김원재 ( Weonjae Kim ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2020 한국수처리학회지 Vol.28 No.4
Algal blooms are caused by eutrophication, increased water temperature, and reduced water flow rate, and produce taste·odor compounds and health problems associated with cyanobacterial toxins. To prevent eutrophication and algal blooms, the Ministry of Environment (MOE) in Korea reinforced effluent standards for wastewater treatment facilities and, as a result, spurred the implementation of various advanced wastewater treatment processes to achieve compliance. Current tertiary wastewater treatment techniques are conventionally single processes, such as sedimentation or flotation, and have high operational costs and produce undesirable sludge problems due to excessive coagulant injection. Here, we develop a sedimentation and dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process that integrates sedimentation and flotation for applications in advanced wastewater treatment. Jar-tests were used to evaluate water quality and treatment efficiency for sedimentation and sedimentation·flotation processes, respectively. Equations that estimate the optimal coagulant dosage are proposed to enhance the field applicability of the SeDAF process. Two types of jar-tests, both sedimentation and sedimentation·flotation, and multiple regression analyses are comprehensively examined to identify appropriate operation conditions for the SeDAF process considering fluctuations in field conditions such as T-P concentration, PO4-P / T-P ratio, turbidity, and flow rate etc.
인 고도처리를 위한 침전부상공정(SeDAF)에서 Al/P비(aluminium/phosphorus ratio)의 적용성 검토
장여주(Yeoju Jang),정진홍(Jinhong Jung),안광호(Kwangho Ahn),임현만(Hyunman Lim),김원재(Weonjae Kim) 대한환경공학회 2020 대한환경공학회지 Vol.42 No.11
목적: 부영양화 및 조류 발생을 방지하기 위하여 환경부에서는 하수처리시설의 방류수 수질기준을 강화해 왔으며, 지난 20년간 전국적으로 다양한 인 고도처리시설이 도입되었다. 기존의 인 고도처리공정을 효율적으로 대체할 수 있는 일체형 침전부상공정(sedimentation・dissolved air flotation process; SeDAF process)이 이전 연구에서 개발된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 SeDAF 공정의 운영조건을 도출하기 위해 다양한 운전인자를 검토하였고, 특히, 알루미늄/인(Al/P)비 및 알루미늄/탁도(Al/T)비의 적용성을 평가하였다. 방법: SeDAF 공정의 적정 운전조건을 도출하기 위하여 여러 Lab-scale 모의실험을 수행하였다. 각 운전조건에 대해 Al/P (Al/T-P)비, Al/PO₄<SUP>3-</SUP>-P비 및 Al/T (Al/Turbidity)비를 분석하고 비교・검토하였다. 결과 및 토의 : Al/P비가 안정성 및 운전용이성 측면에서 가장 우수하였으며, SeDAF 공정에서는 기존 문헌에서 보고된 Al/P비의 범위보다 낮은 조건에서도 양호한 처리효율을 달성할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: SeDAF 공정의 운전 시 Al/P비를 활용하여 응집제 주입농도를 결정함으로써, 응집제 주입농도 저감 및 슬러지 발생량 감소 등 여러 이점을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Objectives : To prevent eutrophication and algal blooms, Ministry of Environment in Korea has reinforced the effluent standards of wastewater treatment facilities. In the last 20 years, various advanced wastewater treatment processes have been introduced nationwide. The sedimentation・dissolved air flotation (SeDAF) process has been developed for efficient enhanced phosphorus removal in the previous researches. In the study, several factors were reviewed to examine the operation characteristics of the SeDAF process. In particular, the applicability of aluminium/phosphorus (Al/P) and aluminium/turbidity (Al/T) ratios were investigated intensively. Methods : To derive the appropriate operating conditions for the SeDAF process, several sets of lab-scale tests were carried out. For each operating condition, Al/P (Al/T-P), Al/PO₄<SUP>3-</SUP>-P, and Al/T (Al/Turbidity) ratios were analyzed, compared and reviewed respectively. Results and Discussion : Al/P ratio was revealed as the most prominent factor in terms of stability and feasibility of operation, and Al/P values of the SeDAF process could achieve lower values than those of other processes in the previous researches. Conclusions : It could be expected that the coagulant dosage decision using Al/P ratio has many advantages to reduce coagulant dosage and to decrease the amount of sludge production in the SeDAF process.
하수처리시설에서 인 고도처리를 위한 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF)의 응집제 주입농도 자동제어기법 검토
장여주,정진홍,김원재,Jang, Yeoju,Jung, Jinhong,Kim, Weonjae 대한상하수도학회 2020 상하수도학회지 Vol.34 No.6
To remove phosphorus from the effluent of public wastewater treatment facilities, hundreds of enhanced phosphorus treatment processes have been introduced nationwide. However, these processes have a few problems including excessive maintenance cost and sludge production caused by inappropriate coagulant injection. Therefore, the optimal decision of coagulant dosage and automatic control of coagulant injection are essential. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional phosphorus removal processes, the integrated sedimentation and dissolved air flotation(SeDAF) process has been developed and a demonstration plant(capacity: 100 ㎥/d) has also been installed. In this study, various jar-tests(sedimentation and / or sedimentation·flotation) and multiple regression analyses have been performed. Particularly, we have highlighted the decision-making algorithms of optimal coagulant dosage to improve the applicability of the SeDAF process. As a result, the sedimentation jar-test could be a simple and reliable method for the decision of appropriate coagulant dosage in field condition of the SeDAF process. And, we have found that the SeDAF process can save 30 - 40% of coagulant dosage compared with conventional sedimentation processes to achieve total phosphorus (T-P) concentration below 0.2 mg/L of treated water, and it can also reduce same portion of sludge production.