여름철 한반도 강수의 시·공간적 특성 연구

인소라(So-Ra In),한상옥(Sang-Ok Han),임은순(Eun-Soon Im),김기훈(Ki-Hoon Kim),심재관(JaeKwan Shim) 한국기상학회 2014 대기 Vol.24 No.2

This study investigated the temporal and spatial characteristics of summertime (June-August) precipitation over Korean peninsula, using Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA)is Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) data for the period of 1973-2010 and Automatic Weather System (AWS) data for the period of 1998-2010.The authors looked through climatological features of the summertime precipitation, then examined the degree of locality of the precipitation, and probable precipitation amount and its return period of 100 years (i.e., an extreme precipitation event). The amount of monthly total precipitation showed increasing trends for all the summer months during the investigated 38-year period. In particular, the increasing trends were more significant for the months of July and August. The increasing trend of July was seen to be more attributable to the increase of precipitation intensity than that of frequency, while the increasing trend of August was seen to be played more importantly by the increase of the precipitation frequency. The e-folding distance, which is calculated using the correlation of the precipitation at the reference station with those at all other stations, revealed that it is August that has the highest locality of hourly precipitation, indicating higher potential of localized heavy rainfall in August compared to other summer months. More localized precipitation was observed over the western parts of the Korean peninsula where terrain is relatively smooth. Using the 38-years long series of maximum daily and hourly precipitation as input for FARD2006 (Frequency Analysis of Rainfall Data Program 2006), it was revealed that precipitation events with either 360 mm day<SUP>?1</SUP> or 80 mm h<SUP>?1</SUP> can occur with the return period of 100 years over the Korean Peninsula.

ICE-POP 2018기간 동계집중관측자료를 활용한 국지수치모델(LDAPS)의 행성경계층고도 검증

인소라(So-Ra In),남형구(Hyoung-Gu Nam),이진화(Jin-Hwa Lee),박창근(Chang-Geun Park),심재관(Jae-Kwan Shim),김백조(Baek-Jo Kim) 한국기상학회 2018 대기 Vol.28 No.4

Planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), produced by the Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System (LDAPS), was verified using RawinSonde (RS) data obtained from observation at Daegwallyeong (DGW) and Sokcho (SCW) during the International Collaborative Experiments for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games (ICE-POP 2018). The PBLH was calculated using RS data by applying the bulk Richardson number and the parcel method. This calculated PBLH was then compared to the values produced by LDAPS. The PBLH simulations for DGW and SCW were generally underestimation. However, the PBLH was an overestimation from surface to 200 m and 450 m at DGW and SCW, respectively; this result of model’s failure to correctly simulate the Surface Boundary Layer (SBL) and the Mixing Layer (ML) as the PBLH. When the accuracy of the PBLH simulation is low, large errors are seen in the mid- and low-level humidity. The highest frequencies of Planetary boundary layer (PBL) types, calculated by the LDAPS at DGW and SCW, were presented as types Ι and II, respectively. Analysis of meteorological factors according to the PBL types indicate that the PBLH of the existing stratocumulus were overestimated when the mid- and low-level humidity errors were large. If the instabilities of the surface and vertical mixing into clouds are considered important factors affecting the estimation of PBLH into model, then mid- and low-level humidity should also be considered important factors influencing PBLH simulation performance.

장기간(1997~2013) 라디오존데 관측 자료를 활용한 집중호우 시 연직대기환경 유형 분류

정승필(Sueng-Pil Jung),인소라(So-Ra In),김현욱(Hyun-Wook Kim),심재관(JaeKwan Sim),한상옥(Sang-Ok Han),최병철(Byoung-Choel Choi) 한국기상학회 2015 대기 Vol.25 No.4

Heavy rainfall (>30 mm hr<SUP>−1</SUP>) over the Korean Peninsula is examined in order to understand thermo-dynamic characteristics of the atmosphere, using radiosonde observational data from seven upper-air observation stations during the last 17 years (1997~2013). A total of 82 heavy rainfall cases during the summer season (June-August) were selected for this study. The average values of thermo-dynamic indices of heavy rainfall events are Total Precipitable Water (TPW) = 60 mm, Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) = 850 J kg<SUP>−1</SUP>, Convective Inhibition (CIN) = 15 J kg−1, Storm Relative Helicity (SRH) = 160 m<SUP>2</SUP>s<SUP>−2</SUP>, and 0~3 km bulk wind shear = 5 s<SUP>−1</SUP>. About 34% of the cases were associated with a Changma front; this pattern is more significant than other synoptic pressure patterns such as troughs (22%), migratory cyclones (15%), edges of high-pressure (12%), typhoons (11%), and low-pressure originating from Changma fronts (6%). The spatial distribution of thermo-dynamic conditions (CAPE and SRH) is similar to the range of thunderstorms over the United States, but extreme conditions (supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes) did not appear in the Korean Peninsula. Synoptic conditions, vertical buoyancy (CAPE, CIN), and wind parameters (SRH, shear) are shown to discriminate among the environments of the three types. The first type occurred with high CAPE and low wind shear by the edge of the high pressure pattern, but Second type is related to Changma front and typhoon, exhibiting low CAPE and high wind shear. The last type exhibited characteristics intermediate between the first and second types, such as moderate CAPE and wind shear near the migratory cyclone and trough.

역전층이 영동 지역의 활강풍에 미치는 영향에 관한 민감도 수치실험 연구

이재규(Jae Gyoo Lee),인소라(So-Ra In) 한국기상학회 2009 대기 Vol.19 No.4

A sensitivity study has been performed using ARPS (Advanced Regional Prediction System) version 5.2.10 in a downslope windstorm case of 12-13 February 2006. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of the inversion layer of temperature mainly in relation to the strength of the downslope winds over the Yeongdong region located downstream of the Taebaek mountains. Under the conditions of N (Brunt-V?is?l? frequency)=0.008 and N=0.016, the effects of the presence of the inversion layer, its variation of height of the layer, and the depth of the layer were identified. The sensitivity experiments suggested that the inversion layer effected the downstream wind speed of the mountains under both conditions of N=0.008 and N=0.016, and notably when the inversion layer was located near the mountain crest the downstream wind speed of the mountains was strong (~27 ㎳?¹) only under the condition of N=0.016. In addition, when the atmosphere was rather stable (N=0.016) and the depth of the layer was relatively thin (765 m) the downstream wind speed of the mountains was the strongest (~30 ㎳?¹) among the sensitivity experiments.

최근 5년간 강원 영동지역의 대설과 관련된 기상요소의 변화 특성

김해민(Kim, Hae-Min),인소라(In, So-Ra),이진화(Lee, Jin-Hwa),박창근(Park, Chang-Geun),김백조(Kim, Baek-Jo) 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.3

뇌전을 동반한 영동지역 대설 사례연구

김해민(Hae-Min Kim),정승필(Sueng-Pill Jung),인소라(So-Ra In),최병철(Byoung-Choel Choi) 한국기상학회 2018 대기 Vol.28 No.2

The heavy snowfall phenomenon with thunder and lightning occurred in Yeongdong coastal region on 20 January 2017. Amount of snow on that day was a maximum of 47 cm and was concentrated in a short time (2 hours) at the Yeongdong coastal area. The mechanism of thundersnow was investigated to describe in detail using observational data and numerical simulation (Weather Research and Forecast, WRF) applied lightning option. The results show that a convective cloud occurred at the Yeongdong coastal area. The east wind flow was generated and the pressure gradient force was maximized by the rapidly developed cyclone. The cold and dry air in the upper atmosphere has descended (so called tropopause folding) atmospheric lower layer at precipitation peak time (1200 LST). In addition, latent heat in the lower atmosphere layer and warm sea surface temperature caused thermal instability. The convective cloud caused by the strong thermal instability was developed up to 6 km at that time. And the backdoor cold front was determined by the change characteristics of meteorological elements and shear line in the east sea. Instability indexes such as Total totals Index (TT) and Lightning Potential Index (LPI) are also confirmed as one of good predictability indicates for the explosive precipitation of convective rainfall.

시판 탄산수에 의한 우치 법랑질 침식과 침착 효과

임도선 ( Do Seon Lim ),반유희 ( Yu Hee Ban ),민영은 ( Young Eyn Min ),박진주 ( Jin Joo Park ),유예진 ( Ye Jin Yu ),인소라 ( So Ra In ),주현지 ( Hyun Ji Ju ),정선영 ( Sun Young Jung ),황영선 ( Young Sun Hwang ) 한국치위생과학회 2015 치위생과학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Due to the attractive benefits with regard to bone health, digestion, and hydration, carbonated water consumption have rapidly grown over the past few years. However, the acidic drink has latent potential for enamel erosion. The most experimental studies about the enamel erosion have focused on the carbonated beverages with sugar and artificial sweeteners. Here, we determined the enamel erosion potential by commercially available carbonated waters with bovine teeth. The erosion was verified by pH value, calcium concentration, and scanning electron microscope. Then plaque accumulation by bacterial adhesion was determined on the enamel erosion surface to measure roughness. In the present study, we observed that the increased calcium content after being immersed in carbonated waters result from the overall enamel erosion. There were no significant differences between general carbonated waters and mineral waters for erosive capacity. Therefore, commercially available carbonated waters are potentially erosive. In addition, oral bacteria strongly adhered to the erosive enamel surfaces thereby facilitating the development of dental plaque. Thus, it is urgently necessary to provide food safety information on the carbonated water as acidic drink to prevent the enamel erosion.