서울시 1인 가구의 밀집지역 분석과 주거환경 평가

이창효(Changhyo Yi),이승일(Seungil Lee) 서울연구원 2010 서울도시연구 Vol.11 No.2

공간효과를 고려한 지역 간 빈집 증감의 영향요인 차이

이창효(Yi, Changhyo),김기중(Kim, Kijung) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2021 國土計劃 Vol.56 No.3

This study aimed to confirm the spatial heterogeneity of factors affecting the rate of increase and decrease of vacant houses in Korea at a temporal range of 2015–2018. The basic spatial unit included the local government, which comprises 250 cities, counties, and districts across the country. An empirical analysis using geographically weighted regression (GWR), an analysis model that considers spatial heterogeneity of spatial data, was applied. Subsequently, the significant variables related to demographic and housing characteristics that affected the rate of increase and decrease of both the entire and the apartment (APT) vacant houses were the proportion of elderly persons, number of fertile women, number of real estate transactions, housing supply rate, and number of new houses. Furthermore, the application of the GWR model improved the issue of spatial heterogeneity between the response and explanatory variables in the spatial data associated with vacant houses. Additionally, the coefficient of variation for the local regression coefficients of the GWR model indicated that the influencing factors of the APT model had more spatial heterogeneity than those of the entire model. Finally, considering the cluster mapping based on the spatial dependence of local regression coefficients among the local governments, each group was not limited to the boundaries of the metropolitan and provincial governments, and exhibited differences in the characteristics of the significant factors between groups.

공간 빅 데이터 분석을 활용한 연령계층 간 주거이동의 공간적 특성(방향성) 차이

이창효(Yi, Changhyo) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2020 國土計劃 Vol.55 No.1

The volume, distance, and direction of movement are the main research subjects in the study of the spatial characteristics of the residential relocation. This study focuses on the direction of movement in terms of residential relocation and proposes a methodology for analyzing the direction of residential relocation in small-sized spatial units using the spatial big data. In addition, by applying the proposed methodology, it identifies the directional difference in the residential relocation among the various age groups. The proposed directional analysis methodology is a small-unit weighted linear directional mean (sWLDM). This is an improvement over the linear directional mean (LDM) widely used in the spatial analysis, which was applied to the relocated households in the Seoul metropolitan region. The application results were visualized using the geographical information system and analyzed using the root mean square error (RMSE) and a paired t-test. The analysis results showed the directional difference in the residential relocation according to the temporal change, age group, and region. The directional difference in the residential relocation decreased in the age groups over 40 but increased in the groups under 40 years. Moreover, in the regions within the Seoul metropolitan area, the directional differences among the age groups gradually increased from 2005 to 2015. This study has implications in the construction of the existing official statistical data to be used as the spatial big data. In addition, the new methodology that derives new knowledge information in terms of residential relocation direction was proposed.

신생기업 생존과 설립지역 특성에 대한 관계 실증분석

이창효(Yi, Changhyo) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2017 國土計劃 Vol.52 No.5

The purpose of this study is to explore empirically the relation between the components of agglomeration economies and the survival of small start-up firms in the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA). In this study, Cox-proportional hazard analyses were applied using data obtained from Korean Business Directories from 2007 to 2014 and the information on Korean business closures. The results showed that the components of agglomeration economies, as well as firm attributes, characteristics of industrial activity and macroeconomic factors, were significant determinants of the survival duration of small-sized start-up firms. The detailed results of the empirical analyses are as follows: The diversity index, which is a representative variable of Jacobs externality, had a negative effect on the firm’s survival in the SMA. The specialization index, which is a proxy variable of Marshall-Arrow-Romer externality, was a positive determinant in Seoul. Further, the effects of local competition factors, which are related to Porter externality, were negative in Incheon and Gyeonggi province. These results will be significant for not only consulting on the establishment of new firms in the private sector, but also the construction of industrial policies by national and local governments.

인구와 고용규모 변화의 유형별 시군구 단위의 교통에너지 소비 영향요인 분석

이창효(Yi, Changhyo),김보현(Kim, Bo-Hyun),이승일(Lee, Seungil) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2014 國土計劃 Vol.49 No.1

The purpose of this study is to comprehend the factors on transportation energy consumption of each municipality type by variation patterns of population and workers. The municipality types were classified by population change rate and workers change rate: the neighboring region of metropolitan cities and the concentrated growth area in metropolitan cities (Group A), the partial inner region in metropolitan cities, the provincial small and medium-sized cities, and their surrounding areas (Group B), and the old downtown areas in metropolitan cities and the region based on primary industry (Group C). The differences of the kinds and influence of factors affecting transportation energy consumption by the region types were confirmed. The Group A was needed of the surrounding area-dependent reduction policy through the supply of services based on the demand. And the municipalities included in the Group B was required to control the vehicle use. The effective policies to reduce transportation energy consumption in the Group C were confirmed as follows: the reduction of travel distance, the supply of transportation facilities in order to promote the use of public transport in the long-distance travel, and the mixed development through the housing supply in the commercial and business district.

주택 임차가구의 임차유형별 주거만족 요인 실증분석

이창효(Yi, Changhyo) SH도시연구원 2016 주택도시연구 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to empirically identify the difference in residential satisfaction and its affecting factors by household rental type in the Seoul Metropolitan Region. For this, rental housing types were defined as long-term public rental housing, short-term public rental housing, and private rental housing. The analysing data was constructed using the 2011 Korea Housing Survey, and the methodologies used were Kruskal-Wallis test and ordinal logistic regression. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the levels of residential satisfaction differed statistically among the rental housing types. Those in public rental households had higher satisfaction values than those in private rental housing dwellers. The reason for this is that residential satisfaction is a subjective response of residents. Second, in almost every domain—household attributes, housing properties, and economic conditions—the significance and influence of explanatory variables on housing and residential environment satisfaction varied according to the rental housing type. These results imply that public rental housing policy needs to concentrate on the supply of affordable housing and improvement of housing performance and residential quality in Korea. This paper is significant for constructing national rental housing policies considering the residential satisfaction characteristics of rental housing types.

주택이외 거처 유형별 거주가구의 공공임대주택 입주 의사에 미치는 영향요인 차이: 판잣집ㆍ비닐하우스와 고시원ㆍ고시텔의 구분

이창효(Yi, Changhyo),이인희(Lee, In-Hee) SH도시연구원 2021 주택도시연구 Vol.11 No.1

역사 내 이동거리를 고려한 지하철 도보역세권 설정 연구

이창효(Yi. Changhyo),장성만(Jang, Seong-Man),이승일(Lee, Seungil) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2013 國土計劃 Vol.48 No.3

The purpose of this research is to develop the model of defining the spatial range of a subway catchment area in consideration of moving distance from the platform to the station entrances. The model, which has some assumptions, was implemented by using spatial analysis technique of geographical information system. The model was applied to the stations of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway in 2010. When comparing the catchment areas derived from the model and the ranges of subway catchment areas in the previous studies, there were wide differences from 0.2% to 58.55% by stations. To review an adequacy of the model, an empirical analysis on the relationship between the subway users and the physical conditions density, diversity, and design (ratio of the 4-way intersection), which are 3-Ds of TOO, in the catchment areas was carried out. The model proposed in this study has better explanatory power than the methodology for defining the spatial range of the catchment areas in the previous studies based on the radius of 500m.

교통사고 발생에 영향을 미치는 계획요소 실증 연구

이창효(Yi, Changhyo),김기중(Kim, Ki-Jung) SH도시연구원 2015 주택도시연구 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this research is to identify land-use factors as well as socioeconomic and transportation variables affecting traffic accidents in Seoul. For this, the empirical analyses were conducted using a negative binomial regression model based on the number of traffic accidents and casualties by administrative district and a multiple linear regression model based on a natural log transformed the number of traffic accidents and casualties. The statistical analyses results showed the similar coefficients for all explanatory variables. The main results were as follows. First, the land-use variables were relatively more important in the analyzing result on the number of traffic accidents, and the transportation factors were comparatively more substantial in the analysis result on the number of casualties. Second, the significant variables were the traffic volume, the number of transportation vulnerabilities, the building coverage density, the zoning system, and the road network design elements (road density, narrow road ratio, and arrangements of intersection and crosswalk). This study suggests improvement of traffic safety for aged person, development of optimum density in ground level, land-use planning linked with transportation plan, and emergence from automobile oriented planning for a reduction of traffic accidents.

도시특성지표 기반 공간개발 패턴 추정에 관한 연구 - 강남지역을 대상으로 -

장성만,이창효,Jang, Seongman,Yi, Changhyo 한국공간정보학회 2015 한국공간정보학회지 Vol.23 No.3

현재 계획단계에서 구득하여 활용할 수 있는 토지이용 관련 정보는 시도, 시군구, 그리고 읍면동과 같은 집계된 단위의 자료가 주를 이루고 있어, 미시적 공간단위에서의 변화 양상을 파악하기에는 근본적인 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구의 목적은 존 내 물리적 도시특성지표를 바탕으로 공간 개발패턴을 추정하는 방법론을 개발하는데 있다. 본 연구에서는 강남지역을 육각형 픽셀로 분할하고 각 공간분석단위별로 판매 및 업무의 건축물 개발강도를 단계별로 구분하여 도시의 공간적 특성이 판매 및 업무에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 수행하였다. 분석결과 도로와 버스정류장과의 거리가 증가하면 밀도 개발 확률이 감소하며, 수계와의 거리가 증가하면 밀도 개발 확률이 높아짐을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 방법론과 결과물은 도시계획분야에서 집계된 자료를 미시적 공간으로 세분하는 방법론으로 활용될 것으로 판단된다. Most data used for urban planning is aggregated by administrative district. Thus, a fundamental limit to analysing the changes of micro-geographical units exists. The object of this study is to estimate spatial development patterns based on characteristic city indicators. Gangnam, an area that was analysed, was divided into hexagon polygons. The development density and characteristic city indicators were input into each polygon. Moreover, this study analysed the influence of characteristic city indicators on development density using multinomial regression analysis. According to the results, distance between a polygon and both a road and a bus stop led to a decrease of development density in the polygon. However, distance between a polygon and a river led to an increase of development intensity. The method of this analysis and the results can be used to disaggregate the zonal data in the urban planing area.