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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : 이재구(Lee Jae Koo) (검색결과 174 건)
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Aging 기간에 따른 TCAB 의 추출불가 잔류물의 토양중 변화
이재구,경기성 ( Jae Koo Lee,Kee Sung Kyung ) 한국환경농학회 1991 한국환경농학회지 Vol.10 No.2
In order to elucidate the possible change in the non-extractable bound residue of TCAB(3,3` 4,4` - tetrachloroazobenzene) in soil as a function of aging period, uniformly ring-labelled ^(14)C-TCAB was treated to soil(organic matter : 1.8%), and aged for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months at 21±1℃, respectively. ^(14)CO₂ evolution and volatilization loss during the aging were negligible. The amounts of non-extractable bound residue of TCAB increased gradually from 7.55% in 3-month aging to 19.32% in 15-month aging. Partition data suggested no formation of polar groups in the chemical structure of TCAB. Most of ^(14)C-radioactivity of bound residues was present in humin in the range of 50.52 to 58.93%. The fact that the number of microorganisms in soil decreased relative to the control suggested no chance of their involvement in the formation of non-extractable bound residues. Accordingly, the increase in the non-extractable bound residue of TCAB in soil with aging period is believed to be due to the transformation of the trans isomer. to the cis one which is more polar and more adsorptive than the former.
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이재구,천삼영,경기성,오경석,임양빈 ( Jae Koo Lee,Sam Yeong Cheon,Kee Sung Kyung,Kyeong Seok Oh,Yang Bin Ihm ) 한국환경농학회 1993 한국환경농학회지 Vol.12 No.3
In order to clarify the possible contamination of rice straw used as a crude feed for livestock, Korean native cattle and cow, by pesticides, the samples collected from 21 sites in Korea were analyzed by a multiresidue method for 10 pesticides with GLC to obtain the following results. 1. Detection limits were 0.001ppm in butachlor, 0.002ppm in chlorpyrifos, 0.003ppm in BPMC, pirimiphos-methyl and diazinon, 0.004ppm in fenitrothion, 0.005ppm in phenthoate, 0.009ppm in IBP, 0.015ppm in carbofuran, and 0.03ppm in carbaryl. 2. In recovery tests, 73-101% of the pesticides applied were recovered, the recovery being low in carbofuran and chlorpyrifos. 3. Butachlor, 2-chloroacetanilide herbicide, and BPMC, carbaryl, and carbofuran, carbamate insecticides, were not detected in any sample. 4. In organophosphorus insecticides, the amounts of fenitrothion in sample No. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 12, 20 and 21 were in the range of 0.01-0.05ppm, those of phenthoate detected in sample No. 10 and 12 were 0.4 and 0.17ppm, respectively, and those of IBP in all samples, with the exception of sample No. 7, 12, 16, 17, 20, and 21, were in the range of 0.01-0.20ppm. The residues of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and pirimiphos-methyl were not detected.
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이재구,조광래,오경석,경기성 ( Jae Koo Lee,Kwang Rae Cho,Kyeong Seok Oh,Kee Sung Kyung ) 한국환경농학회 1993 한국환경농학회지 Vol.12 No.2
In order to elucidate the degradation of the herbicide bentazon (3-isopropyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4-one-2,2-dioxide) by soil microorganisms, it was incubated at 23± 1 ℃ under the submerged and upland soil conditions of the different soils in the Chung Buk area. When bentazon (200 ppm) was incubated in Cheong Won A soil (silty loam; pH, 5.2; organic matter 1.4%) under the submerged condition for 6 months, 6-hydroxy bentazon (1.27%) was formed as the major degradation product and 8-hydroxy bentazon (0.57%) and anthranilic acid (0.13%) were formed as the minor ones. Meanwhile, when 500 ppm of bentazon was incubated in the same soil for 2 months, a trace amount of 6-hydroxy bentazon was formed. Eight strains of microorganisms isolated from the soils did not give any distinct degradation products in the pure culture experiment. The greater dehydrogenase activity in Cheong Won A soil than in Cheong Ju A soil might be related to the greater bentazon-degradability of the former soil than that of the latter. When bentazon (10 ppm) was incubated for 14 days with 14 strains of bacteria and 8 strains of fungi, the identities of which were all known, Rhizopus stolonifer produced 4.6∼31.6% of anthranilic acid as the major product from batch to batch, with trace amounts of 6-hydroxy bentazon and 8-hydroxy bentazon as minor products. The rest microorganisms did not produce any noticeable products.
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Carbofuran , Bentazon 및 TCAB 잔류물의 토양중 용탈
이재구,오경석 ( Jae Koo Lee,Kyeong Seok Oh ) 한국환경농학회 1993 한국환경농학회지 Vol.12 No.1
The leaching behavior of ^(14)C-carbofuran, ^14C-bentazon, and ^14C-3,3,4,4`-tetrachloroazobenzene(TCAB) in the forms of freshly treated, 3-month-aged, and 6-month-aged residues, respectively, was investigated in a loamy soil column system. The degradation and mobility of pesticides in soil and the possibility of the contamination of groundwater were followed by this approach: The ambient temperature of 15±2℃, irrigation by the constant-head method on soil columns, and leaching with 1332㎖ of simulated precipitation during 90 days. While the fresh residues of ^(14)C-carbofuran and ^(14)C-bentazon were very mobile, the aged ones were remarkably reduced in their mobility. Fresh and aged residues of ^(14)C-TCAB were very immobile, instead. 3-Keto carbofuran phenol(2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxo-7-benzofuranol) was the major degradation product present in the leachate from the soil column containing freshly treated ^14 C-carbofuran, while no metabolites could be detected in the leachates from the columns containing ^(14)C-bentazon or ^(14)C-TCAB.
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이재구,김학남,경기성,곽희인 ( Jae Koo Lee,Hak Nam Kim,Kee Sung Kyung,Hee In Kwak ) 한국환경농학회 1991 한국환경농학회지 Vol.10 No.1
In order to disclose the contamination of the Mushim-Cheon by pollutants and to establish the countermeasures, the water samples collected in November of 1989(lst sample), February(2nd), May(3rd) and August of 1990(4th) were analyzed to obtain the following results : 1. The water temperatures of the seasonal samples ranged from 8.6 to 16.2, 8.3 to 25.2, 18 to 26, and 24 to 32℃, in the 1st, 2nd , 3rd, and 4th samples, respectively. 2. The pHs of all the samples ranged from 6.5 to 8.5. 3. In the 3rd sample, especially, DO was observed to fall down to 0.8 ppm at the downstream of St 13, which is not allowed even for agricultural use. 4. The BOD and COD values in sewers were much higher than those in the main stream, and especially the values of St 14-A reached 107-608 and 176-635 ppm, respectively, which far exceeded the limit of 40 ppm, the allowed value for the discharges from the disposal facilities. The SS value of St 14A ranged from 142 to 1, 900 ppm, which far exceeded the limit of 70 ppm, the allowed value for the discharges from the disposal facilities. 5. It turned out that the water quality of the Mushim-Cheon flowing through Cheong Ju was more worsened at sewers than the main stream, and at the downstream than the upstream of the surveyed area. Accordingly, the sewage disposal plant and the expansion of the disposal facilities are urgently needed.
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이재구,Lee, Jae-Koo The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 1984 한국환경농학회지 Vol.3 No.1
Alachlor의 토양중 분해산물인 2,6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide(분해산물 1)와 2-hydroxy-2',6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethrl) acetanilide (분해산물 2)를 합성하였다. 분해산물 1은 실온에서 아연분말 존재하에 alachlor를 3N-염산과 반응시켜서 얻었고 분해산물 2는 alachlor를 중탄산소다의 포화용액과 $90^{\circ}C$에서 78시간 반응시켜 합성하였다. 분해산물 2는 $5{\times}10^{-4}M$와 $1{\times}10^{-3}M$의 농도에서 특히 어린벼에 alachlor와 거의 같은 독성을 보인 반면 분해산물 1은 그 약효를 상실하였다. 따라서 alachlor 구조중의 염소원자를 수산기로 치환해도 alachlor의 식물독성은 별 영향을 받지 않으나 수소원자로 치환할 경우는 영향을 받는 것으로 보인다. Two of the degradation products of alachlor in soil. product 1, 2,6-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide and product 2,2-hydroxy-2',6'-diethyl-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide were synthesized from alachlor reacting with 3N-hydrochloric acid in the presence of zinc powder at room temperature and a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at $90^{\circ}C$ for 78 hr, respectively. At the concentrations of both $5{\times}10^{-4}M\;and\;1{\times}10^{-3}M$, product 2 exhibited almost the same phytotoxicity to rice seedlings, in particular, as alachlor, whereas product 1 lost its phytotoxic effectiveness. It seems that substitution of chlorine atom by hydroxyl group did not affect the phytotoxicity of alachlor, whereas substitution by hydrogen atom did.
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살비살충제 [ 14C ] Acrinathrin 토양 잔류물의 행적 규명 - Ⅱ. 토양중 분해 -
이재구,경기성,오경석 ( Jae Koo Lee,Kee Sung Kyung,Kyeong Seok Oh ) 한국환경농학회 1995 한국환경농학회지 Vol.14 No.2
In order to elucidate the degrading characteristics of the pyrethroid acaricide-insecticide, acrinathrin in two different types of soils, Soil A(pH, 5.8; organic matter, 3.4%; C.E.C., 115 mmol (+)/㎏ soil; texture, sandy loam) and Soil B(pH, 5.7; organic matter, 2.0%; C.E.C., 71 mmol(+) /㎏ soil; texture, sandy loam), residualities of the non-labeled compound under the field and laboratory conditions, extractability with organic solvents and formation of non-extractable bound residues, and degradabilities of [^(14)C]acrinathrin as a function of aging temperature and aging period were investigated. The half lives of acrinathrin in Soil A treated once and twice were about 18 and 22 days and in Soil B about 13 and 15 days, respectively, in the field, whereas, in the laboratory, those in Soil A and B were about 36 and 18 days, respectively, suggesting that the compound would be non-persistent in the environment. The amounts of ^(14)CO₂evolved from [^(14)C]acrinathrin in Soil A and B during the aging period of 24 weeks were 81 and 62%, respectively, of the originally applied ^(14)C activity, and those of the non-extractable soil-bound residues of [^(14)C]acrinathrin were about 70% of the total ^(14)C activity remaining in both soils, increasing gradually with the aging period. Degradation of [^(14)C]acrinathrin in both soils increased with the aging temperature. Three degradation products of m/z 198(3-phenoxy benzaldehyde), m/z 214(3-phenoxybenzoic acid), and m/z 228(methyl 3-phenoxybenzoate) as well as an unknown were detected by autoradiography of acetone extracts of both soils treated with [^(14)C]acrinathrin and aged for 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days, respectively, and the degradation pattern of acrinathrin was identical in both soils. Acrinathrin in soil turned out to be degraded to 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde cyanohydrin by hydrolytic cleavage of the ester linkage adjacent to the ^(14)C with a cyano group, the removal of hydrogen cyanide therefrom led to the formation of 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde as one of the major products, and the subsequent oxidation of the aldehyde to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, followed by decarboxylation would lead to the evolution of ^(14)CO₂.
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