독립공원의 조경사적 의의

이유직,Lee, Yoo-Jick 한국조경학회 2008 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.36 No.1

This paper investigates the historical significance of Independence Park in Korean landscape architecture by examining the idea and goal, master plan and scheme, and meaning and limitation of the park The construction was announced in July and began with the Independence Arch in the middle of September, 1896. Dr. Philip Jaisohn (Suh Jai-Pil), Counselor of The Privy Office and president of the Independence newspaper, played an important role in park construction. He formally advised the arrangements and general planning of the park, but he actually played a leading role in the park as much as he designed and superintended the erection of the arch. He had the conception of a productive park for cultivating and experimenting with a variety of trees surrounding the monument. In terms of the history of Korean landscape architecture, Independence Park is important in that it is the first modem city park that was tried independently as part of the modernizing-Seoul project and the only park of which object and scheme were revealed. It also strengthens the roots of Korean modem landscape architecture by pushing Korean history of public parks into the prior time to Japanese colonial period and enriches the contents of Korean modem landscape architecture. Independence Park is the original realization of a public park because it was constructed with participation and donations from the planning stage to the construction and use. In addition, it is the goal and means to inspire the spirit of national independence and patriotism in Korean people and lead them to voluntary awakening, enlightenment, and participation. Independence Park, however, was not constructed according to Dr. Jaisohn's original intent due to the lack of funds and the rudimentary level of landscape construction technology. In addition, the location was too far from downtown and accessibility was very difficult. For these reasons, many do not consider the park as having been constructed. However, this kind of view must be changed. Other parks of the time were not detailed and decorated like typical western parks, but were left as public spaces. In other words, these parks should not be judged by comparing them to western parks. This is the same concept as that of the first parks of modem Korea being called 'park land.' These parks were more natural environments than planned gardens.

효율적인 농어촌경관 관리를 위한 일반농산어촌개발 의 개선방안

이유직 ( Lee Yoo-jick ) 한국경관학회 2015 한국경관학회지 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 농어촌지역에서 벌어지고 있는 대표적인 사업인 일반농산어촌개발사업을 대상으로 농어촌경관의 보다 합목적적이고 효율적인 보전, 형성, 관리를 위한 문제점을 짚어보고, 개선방안을 검토하고자 함을 목적으로 한다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 효율적인 농어촌경관 관리를 위하여 다음과 같은 일반농산어촌개발사업의 개선이 필요하다. 첫째, 농어촌경관관리계획의 내용과 형식을 정비하여야 한다. 아울러 경관계획의 공간적 위계에 따라 계획의 내용 또한 분명한 구별을 두어야 한다. 둘째, 현재 일반적으로 통용되고 있는 농촌경관계획에서 벗어나, 계획의 내용과 방법론을 구체적, 입체적, 실천적으로 보완하여야 한다. 그리고 현행 기본계획에서 시행계획으로 바로 넘어가는 일반농산어촌개발사업의 진행구조를 개선하여 기본설계 과정을 신설하여야 한다. 넷째, 경관계획이 계획을 리딩하고, 사업기본계획이 이를 받쳐주는 방식으로 관행적 시행순서를 개선하여야 한다. 다섯째, 주민역량 프로그램에 경관을 주제로 한 교육을 추가하여 주민들이 지역의 경관을 주제로 공동체 정신을 함양할 수 있도록 프로그램의 개선이 요망된다. 아울러 공동체 정신이 어느 정도 수준에 올라온 경우에 한해 소득증대 사업을 진행할 수 있도록 유도해야 한다. 마지막으로 행정과 주민, 전문가와 용역사 사이에서 중간 고리 역할을 하는 중간조직의 설립을 적극 추진하여야 한다. The purpose of this study is to probe the improvement methods to efficiently conserve, create and manage the rural landscape with regard to the General Rural Area Development Project, the leading program in rural areas. The results are as follows. For efficient management of rural landscape, the following improvements of the Project will necessitate. First, the contents and structure of rural landscape planning must be improved. The contents of planning must also be lucidly distinguished depending on the planning area size. Second, the contents and methods of planning have to also be improved in concrete, visual and practical ways that deviate from accustomed rural landscape planning. In addition, it is demanded that the process of the current General Rural Area Development Project, which proceeds directly from master planning to construction documentation, be revised by adding a “master design” stage in between. Fourth, the conventional order of planning operation must be changed, so that the landscape planning can lead the whole process, while the master planning develop the consequences. Fifth, local landscape education must be added in the program for capacity building, to enhance the community spirit. It is guided that only the villages that achieved an elevated level of its community spirit can undertake the endeavor of income-generating projects. Finally, the foundation of a support organization which acts as a key intermediary among officials, citizens, professionals and working companies have to be promoted.

농촌건강장수마을 사업의 성과와 과제

이유직 ( Yoo Jick Lee ) 한국농촌계획학회 2011 농촌계획 Vol.17 No.1

In order to improve the quality of life and support the successful living of the elderly people in rural community, the Senior Well-being Villages Project has been carried out by Rural Development Administration since 2005 in Korea. This timely project, however, produces good results with 582 villages so far, we must endeavor to upgrade it more effectively. This study is to find complementary way of improving the project, and the results of the study are summarized as follows. First of all, the sustainable and practical strategies of the health care for the rural elderly must be adopted. The elderly people`s mutual care system can be a good option for improving the existing project. Secondly, the cooperative heath care system must combine with this project. In this regards, health cooperative federation system can be also a challenging option. The beneficially activity of rural elderly people, which is a component of this project, must be linked with rural social enterprise or community venture. The local experts or capable men of various fields including family, the aged problem, social welfare, and regional development, must be appointed, and the support system enables them to do their jobs actively in the Senior Well-being Villages Project as well as other community works.

의성 전통수리 농업시스템의 특징

이유직 ( Lee Yoo-jick ),이승혜 ( Lee Seung-hye ),이다영 ( Lee Da-young ),정재현 ( Jeong Jae-hyeon ),박진욱 ( Park Jin-wook ),구진혁 ( Gu Jin Hyuk ) 한국농촌계획학회 2023 농촌계획 Vol.29 No.1

Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, one of the representative small rain regions, has developed a traditional irrigation farming system while overcoming and adapting to unfavorable agricultural environments from the days of the ancient nation of Jomunguk to the present. In 2018, its value was recognized and designated as Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage System No. 10. This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the characteristics of the traditional irrigation farming system in Uiseong from the viewpoints of irrigation facilities, irrigation communities, and agricultural activities. The research results are as follows. Uiseong-gun has been expanding irrigation facilities for agriculture since long ago, and it has been investigated that a total of 6,227 irrigation facilities are currently distributed along the Wicheon water system that crosses Uiseong-gun from east to west. Irrigation facilities appear differently depending on the topography. The irrigation facility has a ‘su-tong’ as an irrigation passage and a corkscrew structure ‘mot-tchong’ as a water quantity control device, so the amount of water was adjusted as needed. Through this facility, surface water with warmer temperature is supplied to the farmland to prevent cold damage to crops. Uiseong has developed activities to organize irrigation communities in one village or several villages to secure agricultural water from an early age. Currently, this tradition continues, and a total of 213 irrigation communities manage 375 irrigation facilities (6.0% of all irrigation facilities). Through this organization, called Mong-ri-gye, water for agriculture is obtained, managed, and distributed equitably. In order to increase agricultural production, Uiseong implemented double cropping by converting rice fields and fields. In the case of Mt. Geumseong, double cropping of rice and barley was mainly carried out until the 1970s, but since the 1980s, double cropping of rice and garlic has been implemented with higher income. One of the unique features of the agricultural system of this region is the spectacular landscape that changes simultaneously from field to rice field in spring and from rice field to field in autumn.

중요도-만족도 분석을 활용한 경관보전직불제 개선방안

이유직 ( Lee Yoo-jick ),이승혜 ( Lee Seung-hye ) 한국경관학회 2020 한국경관학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 공익형직불제 개편에 따른 경관보전직불제의 주요 이슈들에 대한 인식을 살펴보고 이를 통해 향후 공익형직불제로의 사업 개편 및 시행지침 개정 시 참고할 수 있는 시사점을 도출하고자 수행되었다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 2019년도에 경관보전직불제 사업에 참여하여 직불금을 수령한 주민들과 해당지역의 사업담당 공무원들을 대상으로 설문조사와 함께 중요도-만족도 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 종합하면, 이 사업은 주민들에게 소득뿐만 아니라 경관에 대한 인식에서도 대체로 긍정적인 효과를 주고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 중요도-만족도 조사를 종합하면, 추진위원장들과 지자체 담당자들은 모두 경관작물 지급단가와 소득보전 등 경제적인 요인들에 대해 가장 중요하게 인식하였다. 특히 추진위원장들은 이 두 항목에 대한 만족도가 가장 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 두 그룹 모두 사회적 효과에 대해서 중요도를 낮게 인식하여 향후 사업의 개선 시 이 부분에 대한 좀 더 세심한 보완이 요망된다. 마을경관 개선효과에 대해서는 두 집단 모두 중요도와 만족도가 높은 것으로 조사되어 이 사업이 소정의 효과를 내고 있는 것으로 해석된다. 시사점을 정리해 보면 첫째, 마을경관보전협약 제도 운영의 개선이 요망된다. 또한 이 사업이 주로 벼농사와 연동하여 진행되고 있음도 개선이 필요하다. 마지막으로 경관작물 재배 위주에서 농촌경관 전반으로 보전·관리 대상의 확대를 고려할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of the major issues of the landscape preservation direct payment system following the reorganization of the public interest direct payment system, and through this, to derive implications that can be referenced when reorganizing this system and revising its implementation guidelines. In order to achieve the research objectives, a survey and an analysis of importance-satisfaction were conducted on the leaders of residents who participated in this program in 2019 and received direct payments, as well as public officials in charge of the project in the region. Taking the results of the study together, it is judged that this project has generally positive effects not only on income but also on landscape perception. In summarizing the importance-satisfaction survey, both the residents and local government officials recognized the most important economic factors such as the cost of landscape crops and income preservation, and in particular, the residents found that satisfaction with these two items was the lowest. In addition, both groups perceived the importance of this project to be low in terms of the social effect, so more detailed consideration is required when improving the project in the future. As for the effect of improving the village landscape, both groups were surveyed to have high importance and satisfaction, and it is judged that this project is producing a certain effect. To summarize the implications, first, improvement of the operation of the village landscape conservation agreement system is desired. In addition, it is necessary to improve the fact that this project was mainly conducted in conjunction with rice farming. Lastly, it is necessary to consider the expansion of conservation and management targets from the cultivation of landscape crops to the entire rural landscape.

중국원림의 차경이론 연구

이유직(Lee Yoo Jick) 한국전통조경학회 1998 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.16 No.4

N/A N/A

농촌 마을회관의 현황과 개선방안 연구 -밀양시 삼랑진읍을 대상으로-

김성호 ( Seong Ho Kim ),이유직 ( Yoo Jick Lee ) 한국농촌계획학회 2012 농촌계획 Vol.18 No.2

This study is to suggest the improving methods for rural community centers by analysis of 30 community centers in Samnangjin-eup, Miryang city, Gyeongnam. To fulfill this purpose, the facilities, usable condition and management system were examined. The user needs and level of satisfaction were also investigated through the interviews with 858 citizens. The average size of the centers is 96㎡, and 73% of them are one-story buildings. Women use the community center more frequently than men in ratio of 6:4. 43.4% of interviewees visit the center 1 or 2 times a month, but on the other hand 27.4% of them use the center almost every day. Recess is surely the main purpose, and health care and community meeting are next two reasons. 67.8% and 72.4% of them are not satisfied with the inside and outside of the community center respectively. The interview results demonstrate that the most important issue is the lack of facilities. To improve the community centers in Samnangjin-eup, first of all, various kinds of indoor and outdoor facilities must be equipped. Secondly, considering the center is the core of rural community life, the qualitative improvement in accommodation is also needed as well as facility diversification. The efficiency of space utilization is another issue. A small piece of land or abandoned space must be utilized. Moreover, it is very critical that the users are mostly seniors and elders, so improvements of facilities will be executed in terms of safety and convenience. Finally, administrative and financial support should be made for the people, so as to maintain the the rural community center on their own.

단계별 주민역량강화를 통한 농촌마을만들기의 효과 연구 -전라북도 진안군을 대상으로-

이원주 ( Weon Ju Lee ),이유직 ( Yoo Jick Lee ) 한국농촌계획학회 2013 농촌계획 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the rural community planning focusing on the stepwise empowerment system in Jinan-gun, Jeollabuk-do province. This paper also tries to examine how this system affect the awareness for community planning and empowerment of the residents. The satisfaction of the people who join this program were also investigated. The subjects of the research were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of the people who join the system from the first stage, and group B consisted of the people who joined the fourth stage directly. The differences of the recognition, capability changes and satisfaction between two groups were compared and analyzed by questionnaires. The results of this research can be summarized as follows. The first, group A recognized the community planning system in Jinan-gun more positively than group B. They thought that it`s very useful and beneficial for their community and this system should be continued further. The second, group A considered that they achieved bigger advancement in community design capabilities in terms of personal, relational and social aspects than group B. In addition, group A also showed higher satisfaction for rural community planning than group B. Based on the results, alternatives for rural community planning were drawn as follows. The first, considering that group A showed more positive responses, starting from the first stage is more stable way to succeed in rural community planning. Which means the critical condition of community design is not the community business but the improving the public awareness and community mind. The second, it`s considered that the number of participation is proportional to the advancement of capability in community project, so improving residents` opportunity to participation in community design might be effective. The third, community leader is another critical condition. It is needed to pay more attention to the education for the rural community leader with good experience and capability of community affairs.

韓國人의 傳統庭園 識別要因에 關한 硏究

曺正松,이유직 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1990 서울대농학연구지 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Koreans distinguish their traditional gardens from other Oriental traditional gardens. This study was focused not on the prototype study of traditional gardens but on the Koreans' judgement factors of their traditional gardens. The results are summarised as follows, 1) There is no consistency between the Koreans' self-rating interest level and the understanding of the traditional garden elements, 2) On distinguishing the garden style, Koreans mainly depend on the garden structure. In case of where trees and stones were dominated in a garden, they considerate whether trees were prunned or not, and stones were arranged naturally or not. 3) The experience or image of traditional garden by the mass media also affect the interpretation of the Oriental traditional gardens.

朝鮮時代 宮苑의 空間特性에 關한 硏究 : 象徵性 解釋을 中心으로

曺正松,이유직 서울大學校農科大學 農業開發硏究所 1991 서울대농학연구지 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to interpretate the spatial character from the viewpoint of symbolism. and to extend the range of our understanding of the royal gardens in Yi-Dynasty. This study firstly made the field survey of the extant royal gardens and investigated the old reference materials. And it investigated the character of the royal gardens mainly with the composition of the palace and the function of the hall. It examed the spatial character of the royal gardens through the interpretation of symbolism. And the results were summarized as follows, 1. The royal palace has the image of the center as the sacred mountain. Especially Jeong Jeon (the presence chamber) has the strongest image of the center. Sam Jo is the front part of the palace. There are not much ornament in exterior design, and 'exterior space has a close relationship to the function of the hall. Rear garden is constructed for relaxation. pleasure and studying. 2. There are two domains in the royal palace. One is 'the profane' domain which located at the front part of the palace, and the other is 'the sacred' domain at the rear part. 3. Two domains of the palace are connected by the path. The path consists of more than one element and gives the specific experience. The path is the kind of 'the rite of the passage.'