한국과 일본의 용도별 건축물 화재하중에 관한 비교 연구

이병흔(Lee, Byeong-Heun),진승현(Jin, Seung-Hyun),권영진(Kwon, Young-Jin) 한국방재학회 2020 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.20 No.5

본 연구에서는 건축물의 화재안전설계를 위한 기초적 자료 확보를 목적으로 가연물 조사 및 기존 문헌조사를 통해 국내 건축물의 화재하중을 계산하였으며, 건축물의 사용목적에 따라 실의 용도를 구분하는 일본과 비교하고자 건축물의 사용목적에 따라 조사된 데이터를 재분류하고 비교하였다. 비교결과 거실 417.14 (MJ/㎡), 주택이 아닌 건축물의 침실 1,055.9 (MJ/㎡), 업무시설 및 유사한 시설 1,354.8 (MJ/㎡)을 일본의 기준과 비교했을 때 약 1.8~4.3배 높은 것으로 조사되었다. In this Study, to secure data for the fire safety design of buildings, we calculated the fire load of domestic buildings through combustible investigation and based on existing studies. In addition, we classified the use of rooms according to the purpose of building. In addition, we reclassified the survey data and compared it with data from Japan. The comparison showed that the living room fire load was 417.14 (MJ/㎡), the bedroom fire loads of buildings except housing were 1,005.9 (MJ/㎡), and the fire loads of office facilities and similar facilities were 1,354.8 (MJ/㎡). These values are 1.8 to 4.3 times higher than the Japanese standard.

구획 내 플래시오버 발생 한계 열방출률 예측 방법에 관한 연구

이병흔(Byeong-Heun Lee) 한국방재학회 2023 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 구획 내 플래시오버 발생 한계 열방출률을 계산하기 위해 예측식을 도출하는 연구로서 기존의 변수로 활용되던 구획 내 표면적, 개구부의 면적 이외에 추가적인 변수를 도출하고 이를 수식화하였다. 기존의 플래시오버 실험결과를 모두취합해 분석한 결과 벽체의 열관성이 실내 온도 상승과 직접적인 영향을 미치는 변수로 판단되어 이를 이용한 수식을 구축한결과 기존의 예측식들과 비교했을 때 최대 6.5% 이상 신뢰성이 높을 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 설계용 예측식으로 사용하기위해서는 실험결과보다 낮은 수치가 도출될 필요가 있어 안전율을 보정한 식을 도출하였다. 계산 결과 기존 실험 결과보다낮은 시점에 플래시오버가 발생하는 것으로 계산되는 설계용 예측식을 도출하였다. This study derives a predictive equation for calculating the marginal heat release rate of flashover in a compartmentalized space. Moreover, other variables (in addition to the surface area and opening area of the compartment, which are used as variables is existing studies) were derived and modified. By collecting and analyzing the results of existing flashover experiments, the thermal inertia of the compartment wall was judged to be a variable that directly affects the indoor temperature rise. An equation constructed using this variable was found to be up to 6.5% more reliable than the existing predictive equations. However, for use in design prediction, the developed equation had to be adjusted to derive values lower than the experimental results; thus, an equation that corrected the safety rate was derived. From this calculation, a design prediction equation was derived, from which flashover is predicted to occur before the time predicted in existing experiments.

필로티건축물의 화재확산방지를 위한 시범시공

이병흔 ( Lee Byeong-heun ),권영진 ( Kwon Young-jin ) 한국건축시공학회 2019 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.19 No.1

In case of Korea, The Large-scale fire is consistently being such as 2015 Uijeongbu Fire, 2017 Jecheon Fire, 2018 Sejong Hospital Fire. Such a fire has a problem that the fire is spreading upper due to external flame spread. As a countermeasure the fire safety, the study about axial temperature prediction of external flame spread is consistently doing. But in korea, Vertical spandrel is specified as 40cm, and improvement is urgently needed. In this study, a repair material was selected to prevent the fire from spreading to a building where a flammable exterior material was installed and then pilot construction was carried out. Also, fire safety measures for buildings constructed with flammable exterior materials were examined.

재질별 창호의 화재위험성 평가에 대한 실험적 연구(II)

이병흔(Lee, Byeong-Heun),김윤성(Kim, Yun-Seong),진승현(Jin, Seung-Hyun),권영진(Kwon, Young-Jin) 한국방재학회 2021 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.21 No.5

본 연구는 외벽 개구부를 통한 화재확대를 방지하기 위해 한국⋅미국⋅일본의 창호 화재안전기준을 비교하였으며, 국내에서 많이 사용되는 PVC, 알루미늄 창호 프레임을 이용해 실험을 진행하였다. 실험은 KS F 2845으로 단창 형태에 8 T 두께의 1시간 내화성능 유리에 동일한 두께와 면적의 프레임을 결합하였다. 실험결과 PVC 창호는 약 9분, 알루미늄 창호는 약 26분의 시간을 기록하였다. 다만, 국내의 경우 외벽 개구부에서 설치되는 창호에 대한 시험기준 자체가 부재한 실정이다. 또한 방화지구의 지정과 더불어 창호에 대한 화재안전기준이 정립되어야한다. In this study, the fire safety standards for windows in Korea, the United States, and Japan were compared to prevent fire expansion through exterior wall openings. Experiments on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and aluminum window frames widely used in Korea were performed. The tests were conducted according to KS F 2845, in which frames with equal thickness and area in a single-window form and 1 h fire-resistance glass with an 8 T thickness were combined. The experimental results showed that the PVC window was approximately 9 min, and the aluminum window was approximately 26 min. However, in Korea, there are no test standards for windows installed at the opening of exterior walls. In addition, fire safety standards for windows should be established along with designations of fire prevention zones.

고온에 노출된 창호 프레임의 기계적 성질에 관한 연구

이병흔(Byeong-Heun Lee),권영진(Young-Jin Kwon) 한국방재학회 2023 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.23 No.3

This study aimed to examine the risks from window frames installed in the opening of an outer wall when exposed to high temperatures and to secure the DB through tests on the thermal and tensile strength characteristics of different materials. Al6063-T5 was tested up to 600 ℃ at intervals of 100 ℃. Changes in the thermal properties and decreases in the tensile strength occurred rapidly at 400 ℃. The tensile strength was measured as 84.41 MPa, i.e., 34.1% of that at room temperature at 600 ℃ (the maximum test temperature). In the case of polyvinyl chloride, tests were conducted up to 70 ℃ at intervals of 10 ℃. The thermal characteristics were found to be constant and did not significantly affect the increase in temperature. However, the increase in temperature and decrease in tensile strength were found to be proportional. In the case of the tensile strength, a tensile strength of 14.98 MPa (45% of room temperature) was measured at 70 ℃ (the maximum test temperature).

건축물 창호의 화재안전설계를 위한 실험적 연구

이병흔 ( Lee Byeong-heun ),진승현 ( Jin Seung-hyun ),한지우 ( Han Ji-woo ),권영진 ( Kwon Young-jin ) 한국건축시공학회 2018 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.18 No.1

In the building, the opening penetrates the wall and serves as a spreading channel for smoke and flame in case of fire. In Korea, more than 1,500 fire plume are generated annually, and the number has increased by about 30% over the past five years. Therefore, in the case of windows protecting the opening, fire protection performance is important to prevent the spread of fire. However, in Korea, the standard for window is not clear. In this study, fire tests (EN 13823) for windows were conducted in Korea, and then fire protection performance of windows was compared. As a result of the experiment, PVC windows showed a phenomenon that they could not withstand the temperature during the fire experiment, and AL windows showed a difference in the degree of cracking of the glass.

플랜트 시설물의 Pool Fire 복사열유속 추정방법을 적용한 설계용 예측식 도출에 관한 연구

이병흔(Byeong-Heun Lee),박동인(Dong-In Park),안찬솔(Chan-Sol Ahn) 한국방재학회 2023 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.23 No.6

본 연구는 Pool 화재를 통해 발생하는 복사열유속을 추정하는 예측식을 도출하고자 Fire Dynamics Tools (FDTs)에서 제안하는 무풍, 유풍 조건의 예측식에 해당하는 모든 변수를 바탕으로 결과범위를 도출했다. 설계자의 판단에 근거한 설계가 가능하도록 표준편차를 활용한 방식을 적용하였으며 회귀식의 평균값에 0.85배의 표준편차를 반영한 값을 설계용 예측식으로 제안하였으며 수식의 적용성을 검토하기 위해 기존 문헌에서 제시된 Large-Scale 규모의 Pool 화재실험결과를 대조한 결과 본 연구에서 제안한 수식의 범위 내에 있는 것으로 계산되었다. This study derived a range of results based on all variables corresponding to a prediction formula for wind and wind-free conditions proposed by fire dynamics tools (FDTs), to estimate the radiant heat flux generated by pool fires. A method using standard deviation was employed to enable a design based on a designer's judgment. A value reflecting a standard deviation of 0.85 times the average value of the regression equation was proposed as a design prediction equation. This proposal was validated through calculations comparing the results with that of a large-scale pool fire experiment presented in the existing literature, to examine the applicability of the equation.

고온에 노출된 창호 프레임의 기계적 성질에 관한 연구(II)

이병흔(Byeong-Heun Lee) 한국방재학회 2023 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.23 No.6

본 연구는 구획 공간에서 발생한 화재로 인해 외기와 접하는 창호가 탈락하는 시점을 열해석으로 추정하고 창호 프레임의 연소특성이 창호의 탈락에 영향을 미치는지를 검증하기 위한 연구로서 열해석 프로그램을 통해 얻은 탈락 시점 결과를 실물 실험 결과와 비교했다. 1시간의 내화성능을 갖춘 유리에 PVC, Al6063-T5 창호 프레임을 대상으로 비선형 해석을 실시한 결과 PVC 프레임의 경우 시간에 따른 최대 변형률은 약 11.04%, Al6063-T5 프레임의 경우 약 9.55%로 계산되었다. 이를 시간에 따라 비교한 결과 PVC 프레임은 약 750초, Al6063-T5 프레임은 약 1,710초가 경과하는 시점에 전단이 발생하는 것으로 계산되었다. 기존의 실물 실험에서는 PVC 약 540초, Al6063-T5의 경우 약 1,560초에 용융 및 유해한 관통으로 프레임의 변형이 발생한 것으로 나타나 창호가 완전히 붕괴 되는 시점까지 실험이 이뤄진다면 유사한 결과가 나올 것으로 추정된다. This study compares the dropout time obtained through a thermal analysis program with the results of a real experiment to estimate the time when a window in contact with outside air is dropped because of a fire in the compartment space. Nonlinear analysis of PVC and Al6063-T5 window frames on glass with a fire resistance of 1 h showed that the maximum strain over time was approximately 11.04% for the PVC frames and 9.55% for the Al6063-T5 frames. By comparing this over time, it was calculated that the front end occurred at approximately 750 s for the PVC frame and at 1,710 s for the Al6063-T5 frame. Existing real-world experiments show that the frame was deformed by melting and harmful penetration at approximately 540 s for PVC and 1,560 s for Al6063-T5; similar results are expected if the experiment is conducted until the window completely collapses.

한국형 PBD 가이드라인의 구축을 위한 국외 성능설계 분석

이병흔 ( Lee Byeong-heun ),진승현 ( Jin Seung-hyun ),권영진 ( Kwon Young-jin ) 한국건축시공학회 2017 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

In the case of korea, it was enforced the performance based design in 2011 for fire safety to the construction that is hard to safety secure by code based design. However as a result of domestic performance design case analysis, as it conducts that the standard is insufficient, most of cases show that they use the method of adding facilities by strengthening legal standards. Therefore on this study, it conducts the analysis of Performance based design seminar data that it was done by SFPE and each countries Performance based design guidelines. Also based on this, it will use the basic data for developing the domestic performance based design guideline.

업무·판매시설의 화재통계조사 및 초기화원분류를 통한 화재시나리오에 관한 연구

이병흔 ( Lee Byeong-heun ),권영진 ( Kwon Young-jin ) 한국건축시공학회 2017 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

In Korea, The buildings are getting higher and bigger, and also the fire risk is getting increased. The PBD was introduced in 2009 for the fire safety of these buildings, but the study on making scenario based on actual case of fire is insufficient. Therefore on this study, it will conduct an experiment about initial fire classification and making fire scenario based on that actual fire statistic investigation classification of PBD buildings as official and commercial facilities.