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금강 하구 생태계 평가를 위한 최적 환경 모니터링 시스템 구축
노준성(Junsung Noh),윤서준(Seo Joon Yoon),이창근(Changkeun Lee),권봉오(Bong-Oh Kwon),김종성(Jong Seong Khim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2018 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.21 No.4
The input of fresh water in the Geum River Estuary occurs by the irregular discharge through the sea dike, accordingly hydrodynamics, seawater flux, and sedimentation are complex. There are potential input sources of numerous pollutants from residential and industrial areas around the estuary, which is seemingly the potential stress on coastal area both in pelagic and benthic ecosystems. In order to manage effectively the Geum River Estuary environment, it is necessary to establish an integrated monitoring system, in time and space, being reasonable in ecosystem assessment. This study aimed to propose the design of optimal environmental monitoring system by the series of 8 surveys for 2 years, based on the analyses of multiple parameters of physical, geochemical, and ecological components as well as certain land-driven pollutants. Based on the first large scale survey encompassing 28 stations in the study area, the minimum required number of monitoring locations was found to be 10, which successfully reflected the overall distribution of target parameters obtained from 28 locations in 99% confidence interval. Concentrations of target pollutants, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and alkylphenols (APs) in the given area greatly varied, with accelerated at the inner locations close to the dike and weakened to offshore. The 2nd to 5th surveys that conducted before the rainy season (Feb., Apr., May., and Jun., 2015) revealed that rather great temporal variations of pollutants (i.e., 15-fold variation for APs), but lesser varied in space. Final set of data was obtained from the 3 surveys after the rainy season (Aug., Oct., and Dec., 2015), of which data showed increased target pollutants in water column and decreased concentrations in sediment. This result indicated that the large scale discharge of polluted freshwater to estuary influenced physio-chemical fluxes in water and sediment. Overall, the distributions of target pollutants greatly varied depending on the environment (viz., media), geographical locations, and season. Altogether, we suggest the optimal environmental monitoring system in the Geum River Estuary should consider; 1) survey a minimum of 10 locations, 2) survey enough locations in the inner estuary, and 3) survey at least twice a year, ideally before and after the rainy season.
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황해 및 발해 퇴적물의 생태독성평가와 다환방향족탄화수소(PAHs)의 영향 확인
박신영(Shin Yeong Park),이정현(Junghyun Lee),홍성진(Seongjin Hong),김태우(Taewoo Kim),윤서준(Seo Joon Yoon),권봉오(Bong-Oh Kwon),김종성(Jong Seong Khim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2021 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
본 연구에서는 요각류 생물영향평가를 이용하여 황해 및 발해 퇴적물 내 생태독성을 지역적 규모로 평가하고 다환방향족탄화수소의 영향을 확인하였다. 요각류 독성은 중국 내 황해지역에서 가장 크게 나타났다. 또한 기수지역과 산업지역에서 상대적으로 높은 생태독성이 나타났으며, 이는 PTSs를 포함한 육상오염물질에 기인한 것으로 설명할 수 있다. 퇴적물 샘플에서 측정된 여러 PTSs는 관찰된 요각류 독성에 상당한 기여를 나타냈다. 16개 개별 PAH에 대한 요각류 독성을 조사한 결과, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene이 가장 큰 독성을 보였고 acenaphtylene은 가장 낮은 독성을 나타냈다. 16개 개별 PAHs에 대한 요각류 독성값과 화학물질 농도값으로 상대적 독성치 값을 계산하였다. 16개 PAH 물질들은 총 발현된 요각류 생태독성 결과에 대해 0-41%를 설명할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 황해 및 발해 퇴적물 내 전통적인 PAHs 물질의 상대적 독성치 값과 요각류 독성 기여도에 대한 기본적인 정보를 제공한다는 점에서 의의를 가진다. In this study, the ecotoxicity of sediments in the Yellow and Bohai seas was evaluated on a regional scale using the copepod Tigriopus japonicus bioassay and the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was confirmed. Copepod toxicity was greatest in the Yellow Sea of China. In addition, relatively high ecotoxicity was observed in brackish and industrial areas, which can be explained by land pollutants including PTSs. Several PTSs measured in sediment samples showed significant contributions to the observed copepod toxicity. As a result of examining copepod toxicity for 16 individual PAHs, indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene showed the highest toxicity and acenaphthylene showed the lowest toxicity. Relative potency (ReP) values were calculated from copepod toxicity values and chemical concentration values for 16 individual PAHs. The 16 PAH substances could explain 0-41% of the total expressed copepod ecotoxicity outcome. Overall, the present study provides basic information on the RePs and contribution of traditional PAHs in sediments in the Yellow and Bohai seas.
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