논문 : 중국 내 파라메트릭 비선형 건축디자인 경향에 관한 연구

왕용 ( Long Wang ),조철호 ( Cheol Ho Cho ) 디자인융복합학회 2014 디자인융복합연구 Vol.13 No.1

개발도상국인 중국은 개혁개방 후 '건축기적'이라 일컫을 만큼 큰 변화를 보이고 있다. 이런 중국의 번영에는 개발도상국, 건축실험장, 무차별도시, 거대한 스케일 등 중국 특유의 특징을 가지고 있다. 또 중국은 다른 나라와 마찬가지로 환경위기, 에너지위기 등 세계 공동의 문제에 직면해 있다. 이러한 배경을 바탕으로 도출한 디지털 파라메트릭 디자인은 건축가의 창의력을 가일층할 수 있도록 발전시키는 동시에 중국의 건축발전, 중국사회의 변혁에도 중요한 의미를 가진다. 본 논문의 목적은 중국의 최근 파라메트릭 디자인기법에 의하여 건설된 건축물들을 분석함으로써, 파라메트릭건축의 특성과 중국 내 파라메트릭디자인의 건축적 경향을 구체적으로 밝히는 것이다. 파라메트릭 기술이 건축의 형태, 구조, 기능에 어떻게 영향을 주는지 분석하고 각 방면의 특성들을 정리해서 앞으로 중국 디지털건축디자인의 발전방향을 예측해 본다. Great changes have taken place in China since the implementation of the Reform and Opening-up policy. As the developing country, lots of 'architecture miracle' was appeared in China with Chinese unique tag which of developing country, architecture test field, undistinguished city and huge mass. With the rapid development of our society, we are facing many kinds of social and environmental problems. For these reasons, Parametric design help people improve the creativity, and at the same time, meet the growing demands of architecture in people's daily live. So it has certain theoretical significance in changes of Chinese society. In this study, a feature of parametric design would not only be explained through the China's examples of buildings designed by new digital methods in recent years, but also would analyze that how to make parametric technology effect on building's form, function and structure. At the end of thesis, author forecasted the trend of parametric design, and gave the opinion on the future of architecture.

원료조건에 따른 하향식 가스화 효과 분석

왕용 ( Long Wang ),홍성구 ( Seong Gu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2013 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

Biomass is a promising renewable energy resource. It can be converted into fuels, heat or power through thermo chemical processes. Gasification is a popular technology convert biomass into synthesis gas which composited of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane. Syngas can directly used as fuel or materials to produce chemicals or power generation to meet the need of ever-increasing energy in the world and reduce CO2 emission. The composition of syngas usually depend on feedstock conditions. In this study RDF, woodchip and charcoal was used as feedstock in downdraft gasification process. RDF and charcoal mixed with woodchip as some certain proportions. woodchip used as two different sizes- 0.7~0.9 cm size and 2~3 cm size. The results presented that methane composition was as high as 10% and LHV as high as 1600kacl/Nm³ when use RDF mixed with woodchip as feedstock. LHV was low as 683kcal/Nm³ use charcoal. The H₂ composition usually more than 10% and LHV usually keep in 1100~1200kacl/Nm³ when use woodchip as feedstock. The cold gas efficiency reach to 65% when use 0.7~0.9 cm size woodchip. It is presented that small size woodchip is a good feedstock for downdraft gasification as lower reaction temperature, higher cold gas efficiency and carbon conversion.

합성가스 발효에 의한 바이오에탄올 및 아세트산의 생산성 검토

왕용 ( Long Wang ),홍성구 ( Seonggu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2010 No.-

Clostridium ljungdahlii, a microorganism was grown on synthesis gas to produce ethanol and acetic acid. The series of experiments were conducted in two different reactors: gas bubbling reactor and pressurized rotating disk reactor. A growth medium which is based on and improved from ATCC® PETC medium was feed in reactors and initial pH was 7.35. The gas bubbling reactor used micro gas pump circulated and bubbled synthesis gas to increase contact between synthesis gas and liquid growth medium aimed to promote ethanol production. The pressurized rotating disk reactor installed and rotated thin disks to increase the mass transfer of synthesis gas to medium and the initial pressure of synthesis gas was 1.0 bar. The cell concentration reached to 0.035g/L and pH was dropped to 4.44 and 4.63 in babbling reactor and pressurized rotating disk reactor at 24hours, respectively. The ethanol and acetic acid concentration in pressurized rotating disk reactor reached to 0.039g/L and 0.444g/L in 24 hours. No ethanol and acetic acid produced in bubbling reactor at the same time. The maximum ethanol production in bubbling reactor was 0.7g/L in 4 days and in 0.9g/L in 5 days. The pressurized rotating disk reactor has achieved higher and faster ethanol production than gas bubbling reactor.

pH 제어식 미생물 반응조를 이용한 합성가스 발효에 의한 바이오에탄올 생산성 검토

왕용 ( Long Wang ),조태성 ( Taesung Cho ),김덕형 ( Dukhyeong Kim ),홍성구 ( Seonggu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2011 No.-

Clostridium ljungdahlii is a bacterium can transform synthesis gas or mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to ethanol and acetate acid according anaerobic processes. Many researches have been conducted about medium optimum conditions, genes researches and effects of syngas composition and pressure on cell population and ethanol production. Especially it was found that pH is very important for cell growth and ethanol production. This study was to research effect of pH range on cell growth and ethanol production. A series of experiments were conducted under strictly anaerobic conditions with pH at 7.0, 6.0 and 5.4 to 5.9 in a pH-controlling bioreactor. It was observed that ethanol production started from pH reducing and acetate acid appearance. Cell concentration increased fast when pH between 5.6 and 5.9. It was presented that the maximum cell concentration was reached to 0.498g/L in 60 hours when pH to 5.6. The ethanol production was 1.056g/L at the same time. In a typically cell growing process, cell growing occurred in optimum growth pH 5.0 to 7.0, carbon source such as syngas and fructose was transferred to cell, ethanol and acetic acid or other organic acid in this process.

COMSOL을 이용한 바이오매스 가스화장치의 운전조건 분석

왕용 ( Long Wang ),심재훈 ( Jaehoon Shim ),홍성구 ( Seonggu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2009 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2009 No.-

바이오매스 가스화는 세계적으로 점점 증가하는 에너지 수요를 만족시킬 수 있는 유용한 기술 중의 하나이다. 바이오매스 가스화를 통해 농업폐기물을 에너지로 전환할 수 있고 이산화탄소의 배출도 저감할 수 있다. 양질의 합성가스를 생성하는 가스화장치의 구동 조건을 확인하고 제어하기 위해 가스화장치에서 이루어지는 화학반응과 가스화 과정을 이해한다. 본 연구는 가스화 이론과 실제 물리적인 실험에 의거하고 COMSOL 3.4를 이용하여 가스화 장치 모델을 구성하고 이 모델을 실제 물리적인 데이터를 통해 검증하여 최적 원료 조건과 반응조건(원료 함수비, 송기량, 온도, 당량비 등)을 추정하였다. 1. 원료인 숯의 함수비는 6.98%, 송기량은 1000L/min, 원료 공급 속도는 21.42kg/hr, ER값은 0.32의 조건으로 가스화장치 모델을 시뮬레이션 한 결과 CO 33.8%, CO₂ 1.07%, H₂ 2.15%, CH₄ 0.21%, O₂ 0.05%, N₂ 62.7%로 나타났다. 실제 물리적 실험결과 치 CO 30%, CO₂ 1.1%와 비교할 때 적정한 수준으로 가스화반응을 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있다. 2. 원료 회분을 10~50%로 시뮬레이션 한 결과 회분의 함량이 많아지면 CO와 H₂의 발생량은 감소하고 CO₂의 발생량은 증가하였고, 함수비를 10~30%로 시뮬레이션 한 결과 함수비가 증가하면 CO의 발생량이 감소하고 H₂와 CO₂의 발생량이 증가하였다. 또, 산소함량을 20~50%로 시뮬레이션 한 결과 산소함량이 증가하면 CO와 H₂의 발생량이 감소하고 CO₂의 발생량이 증가하였다. Biomass gasification is one of promising technology to meet the ever-increasing energy demand in the world. The agricultural wastes can be converted to energy and the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced. Studying on the chemical reactions in a gasify can help understanding gasification process in order to determine and control the gasification operational conditions to produce higher quality and increase conversion efficiency. In this paper a gasification model which depend on gasification theory and experiments was using COMSOL 3.4 software. The model consists of kinetic model part and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model part. The concentrations of the synthesis gas were predicted under the experimental conditions in the kinetic model part. The CFD model based on the structure and geometry of the gasifier, residence time can be calculated and temperature distribution can also be simulated. A simulation of charcoal gasification was did under the experimental condition that moisture was 6.98%, air flow rate was 1000L/min, feedstock rate was 21.24kg/hr and Equivalence Ratio was 0.32. The results showed syngas composition was CO 33.8%, CO₂ 1.07%, H₂ 2.15% O₂ 0.05%, N₂ 62.7%. The model well agree with the experimental results through compared with syngas composition from experiment which was CO 30% and CO₂ 1.1%.

중국유학생들의 전공 선택 동기가 전공만족에 미치는 영향에 있어 대학생활적응의 조절효과

왕용 ( Wang Long ),최우성 ( Choi Woo-sung ),나상문 ( Na Sang-moon ) 한국관광산업학회 2016 Tourism Research Vol.41 No.3

본 연구에서는 유학생들의 전공 선택 동기에 대한 연구의 필요성을 바탕으로 현재 한국에서 외국인 유학생 가운데 가장 많은 수를 차지하고 있는 중국인 유학생의 전공 선택 동기와 전공만족 간의 관계를 파악하고 중국 유학생들의 대학생활적응은 전공 선택 동기와 전공만족 간의 관계에 대한 조절효과를 규명하고자 하였다. 실증분석 결과 다음과 같은 연구결과가 도출되었다. 먼저 중국 유학생의 전공 선택 동기와 전공만족의 관계를 검증한 것으로 분석결과 전공 선택 동기 중 내재적 동기만이 전공만족에 정(+)의 방향으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 내재적 동기에 대해 높게 지각하면 전공만족도가 높아진다고 볼 수 있다. 하지만 전공 선택 동기 중 외재적 동기는 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 대학생활 적응의 조절효과에 있어서는 중국 유학생의 대학생활 적응에 따라 전공 선택 동기가 전공만족도에 미치는 영향력의 차이를 검증한 결과 내재적동기에 대해 높게 지각하면 전공만족이 높아지며 대학생활 적응이 조절효과를 보이면서 전공만족을 높게 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 유학생들에게 단순 한국대학에 입학을 시킬때 단순 한국어능력시험을 통해 선발하기 보다는 적성 및 흥미도 테스트 및 졸업 후 어떠한 직무에서 일을 할 예정이며, 전공을 선택한 동기에 대한 충분한 사전 검증을 통해 학생들을 선발해야 할 것이다. 또한 유학생들이 자신감을 가질 수 있도록 쉽게 달성 가능한 목표를 설정하여 자신감을 가질 수있도록 하거나 한국학생들과 문화적 교류 및 공동생활을 할 수 있는 프로그램 제시를 통해 심리 및 육체적으로 한국문화나 생활에 적응할 수 있도록 지원해야 할 것이며, 유학생들의 교육적응을 높이기위한 대학차원의 노력이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. This study aims to understand the relationship between major selection motivation and major satisfaction of Chinese students who occupy the large share of foreign students in Korea based on the necessity of study for major selection motivation of foreign students, and verify the control effect of relationship between major selection motivation and major satisfaction for the adjustment of college life of Chinese students. The deducted study results following analysis result of actual proof are as follows. First, when analyzing the relationship between major selection motivation and major satisfaction of Chinese students, the immanent motivation among major selection motivation had positive influence to major satisfaction. In other words, the higher the immanent motivation is, the higher the major satisfaction is. However, the extrinsic motivation did not have significant influence statistically. Next, as for the control effect to college life adjustment, when verifying the difference of influence of major selection motivation to major satisfaction regarding the college life adjustment of Chinese students, the higher one aware immanent motivation, the higher the major satisfaction is, and showed control effect to college life adjustment and showed higher major satisfaction. Based on the study result, the students must be chosen by not just simple TOPIK(Test of Proficiency in Korean) test but conduct advance verification such as aptitude and interest test, career path they will pursue after graduation, or the major selection motivation. Also, to give confidence to the foreign students, the schools need to put their effort the support students to adjust into Korean culture and life physically and psychologically by providing program that they can set attainable goal to have confidence, and to enjoy cultural exchange and community activity with Korean students to ultimately increase the educational adjustment of foreign students.

초기 pH 조건이 C. ljungdahlii를 이용한 합성가스 발효공정에 미치는 영향

왕용 ( Long Wang ),홍성구 ( Seonggu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2010 No.-

Clostridium ljungdahlii, a microorganism which has an ability to ferment hydrogen and carbon monoxide to ethanol and acetic acid, was cultured in a nutrient medium under anaerobic conditions and synthesis gas. The optimal pH for synthesis gas fermenting is known to be between 5.8 and 6.0. The initial pH of growth medium was about 6.0. In this study phosphate buffer solution was used to adjust pH value of growth medium, but production of ethanol was slow. It is found that C. ljungdahlii can grow fast in this medium and the production of ethanol concentration reached to 0.117g/L and acetic acid concentration 0.753g/L at 117 hours. The most ethanol concentrations reached to 0.22g/L and acetic acid concentration reached to 2.67g/L at 120 days. Groups of experiment of medium change showed C. ljungdahlii can grow well either in medium with or without phosphate buffer solution. The experiments showed the ethanol production needed longer time in the medium with phosphate buffer solution. C. ljungdahlii can grow well in another medium which removed NaHCO₃ and added NaOH to adjust pH value and initial pH was 7.40. The production of ethanol concentration reached to 0.51g/L and acetic acid reached to 0.43g/L just for 4 days. The second growth medium promoted the ethanol production and restrained acetic acid production.

소규모 하향식 바이어매스 가스화 발전 시스템 개발

왕용 ( Long Wang ),김덕형 ( Dukhyeong Kim ),조태성 ( Taesung Cho ),홍성구 ( Seonggu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2011 No.-

Biomass is a promising renewable energy resource which can be converted into fuels, heat or power through thermo chemical processes. Gasification is a popular technology convert solid biomass into synthesis gas which composited of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane. It is a technology which can meet the need of ever-increasing energy in the world and reduce CO₂ emission. Syngas can directly used as fuel or materials to produce chemicals or power generation. In this study a small-scale biomass gasification power generation system was developed to obtain the optimum biomass condition and operational conditions of gasification for power generation. The system including a downdraft gasifier, a cyclone, a convector cooler, a woodchip-filled filter, a water cooling type vacuum pump and a 6KW syngas power generator. A series of experiments were conducted with woodchip as feedstock. It was presented that good gasification occurred in temperature more than 800℃ and moisture of woodchip less than 20%. For producer gas-syngas composition, CO range from10 to 20%, H₂ range from 10% to 20%, CH₄ range from 1% to 3%, CO₂ less than 15%. The power generator generated electricity successful using syngas from the system. Gas drying and tar formation reducing is the future direction of the research in the gasification process.

論六十四卦是演繹邏輯系統(上)

王俊龍(Wang Jun-long) 한국교통대학교 동아시아연구소 2013 동아문헌연구 Vol.- No.-

목편 크기에 따른 압력 손실의 미치는 영향 분석

왕용 ( Long Wang ),홍성구 ( Seong Gu Hong ) 한국농공학회 2013 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2013 No.-

Biomass is a form of energy that has been increased substantially in the last decade. Gasification is a technology that converts solid biomass to fuel gas. It is a simple and economic process to generate power in rural areas. Gasification always use woodchip because it is a form of biomass which is produced from tree branches as well as agricultural residues. The pressure drop occurred in the downdraft gasifier. It is necessary to study the effect of woodchip particle size on pressure drop in the case of modeling gasification and gasifier structure design. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect of chip size distribution on air flow and woodchip height through fixed bed of wood chips. The woodchip was uesd 0.7~0.9mm and 20~3mm size. Air pressure drop experiments were conducted in a 2.5 meter high vertical transparent acrylic pipe. The result was presented that pressure drop increase with bed height and flow rate. Pressure drop occurred high when use 0.7~0.9mm size than 20~3mm size woodchip. Porosity is the major parameters on pressure drop.