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산란계 사료내 Crude Palm Oil 첨가에 따른 계란과 체조직내 비타민 E, Carotenes 및 Retinol 함량과 그에 따른 지방의 산화 안정성에 미치는 영향
강경래(Kyung R. Kang),심정석(J. S. Sim) 한국가금학회 1997 한국가금학회 정기총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.14 No.-
본 실험은 다가불포화지방산의 함량이 높은 사료에 palm oil을 첨가하였을 때 난황을 포함한 체조직내 tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenes 및 retinol의 이행량을 알아보고 이들 비타민의 이행에 따른 난황 및 체조직 지방의 산화적 안정성의 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 시험사료는 밀, 대두박 및 분쇄아마 등을 위주로 한 사료에 팜유를 0, 1.5 또는 3.5%를 첨가하였으며 3.5% 유지 첨가 사료에 tocopherol mix를 첨가한 사료를 대조구로 하였다. 사료내 tocopherol mix를 첨가함으로써 본 사험에서 조사한 모든 체조직 빛 난황내 총 tocopherol 수준이 증가하였다. 사료내 팜유의 첨가수준이 높을수록 난황과 체조직내 α-와 γ-tocotrienol의 수준이 증가하였다(P<0.05). 팜유를 3.5% 단독으로 첨가했을 때보다 어유 2.0%+팜유 1.5% 첨가구의 난황, 간 및 지방조직내 총 tocotrienols의 수준이 높았다. 팜유를 첨가함으로써 난황과 간 및 다리육의 retinol 수준이 증가하였으며, 난황과 간조직내 α-carotene과 β-carotene의 함량도 증가하였다(P<0.05). 또한 사료내 팜유를 첨가함으로써 난황의 착색지수가 높아졌다(P<0.05). 사료내 팜유 첨가에 따른 지방산 조성의 변화를 살펴보았을 때 난황과 가슴육의 포화지방산 함량과 불포화지방산 함량 및 비율, n-6/n-3 지방산 비율 등에는 차이가 없었다. 그러나 팜유 첨가에 따라 지방조직의 포화지방산 함량은 증가하였다(P<0.05). 난황과 체조직의 TBA 값은 사료내 팜유 첨가에 따라 감소함으로써(P<0.05) 지방의 산화적 안정성이 향상되었다. The experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of palm oil(PO) in incorporating antioxidant nutrients such as tocopherols and tocotrienols in tissues when incorporated to laying hen’s feed containing high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Hens were fed basal diet containing wheat, soybean meal, ground flax seed and fish oil supplemented with 0, 1.5 or 3.5% palm oil(PO). Hens fed basal diet supplemented with 3.5% oil plus added tocopherol mix were used as control. Incorporation of PO increased(P<0.05) the α- and γ-tocotrienol content of eggs, liver, meat and adipose tissue. The content of total tocotrienols was higher in the eggs, liver and adipose tissue of hens fed 1.5% PO than 3.5% PO. An increase(P<0.05) in retinol content was observed in the eggs, liver and dark meat of hens fed PO diet. Feeding diets containing 1.5% or 3.5% PO increased(P<0.05) the α- and β-carotene content in eggs and the liver tissue. Dark meat incorporated higher(P<0.05) levels of tocopherols, tocotrienols and retinol when compared to the white meat. The four diets had no significant effect on the egg weight or yolk weight. The egg yolks from hens fed PO had a higher(P<0.05) yolk color as measured by comparison to the roche color fan index. Addition of PO in the laying hen diets increased the lipid stability measured by TBA values of egg yolk and all the tissues examined. Considering the role of tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids and retinol in increasing the oxidative stability of lipids, present study suggest a novel way increasing the content of such health-enhancing vitamins in chicken eggs and tissues.
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Flaxseed 의 Crushing 및 Formaldehyde 처리가 사료의 반추위내 발효특성 , 분해율 , 전장소화율 및 혈장의 지방산 조성에 미치는 효과
송만강 ( M K Song ),정태영 ( T Y CHUNG ),심정석 ( J S Sim ) 한국축산학회 1994 한국축산학회지 Vol.36 No.5
Metabolism trial was conducted with ruminally fistulated sheep to examine the effect of supplementation(12%, as-fed basis) of crushed-flaxseed(C-FS) or formaldehyde treated C-FS(C-HCHO-FS) to the diet on ruminal fermentation characteristics, degradation and whole tract digestibility of tire diet, and plasma fatty acid concentration. The results obtained from FS supplementation were compared with those from the control diet without FS. Ruminal fermentation characteristics of experimental diets were not affected by supplementation of FS to the diet or HCHO treatment of FS. Degradations(%o) of dry matter(DM), crude protein(CP) surd neutral detergent fiber(NDF) of the diets tended to be reduced by FS supplementation during early stage of ruminal incubation(3h), while degradation o1 ether extracts(EE) was increased. Whole tract digestibilities of dietary components(DM, CP. NDF and organic matter) were not influenced by FS supplementation, while hat of EE was increased. Supplementation of FS io the diet increased plasma concentrations of lung-chain fatty acids including oleic acid(C_(18:1ω9)), linolenic acid(C_(18:2ω6)) and linolenic, acid(C_(18:3ω3)). Higher plasma concentrations of myristic acid(C_(14:0)), palmitoleic acid(C_(16:1)), C_(18:1ω9), and C_(18:2ω6), were obtained from sheep fed C-HCHO-FS at 2h after feeling, and C_(14:0) and C_(16:1) at 8h after feeding than from those fed control and C-FS at respective collation time, Unlikely to the C-FS, GHCHO-FS reduced the ratio of saturated- to unsaturated fatty acid concentration in the plasma compared to that of control. Ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid concentration in the plasma was also reduced by FS supplementation.
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Flaxseed 의 급여형태가 In Vitro 분해율 및 면양에 의한 사료의 반추위내 발효특성과 전장소화율에 미치는 효과
송만강 ( M K Song ),정태영 ( T Y CHUNG ),심정석 ( J S Sim ) 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.2
A metabolism trial was conducted with ruminally fistulated sheep to examine the effect of supplementation of different types of flaxseed(FS) to the diet on ruminal fermentation characteristics and whole tract digestibility of the diets. The results obtained from sheep fed diets supplemented(7%, as-fed basis) with whole FS(W-FSD) or crushed FS (C-FSD) were compared with those from the control diet without FS. Crushed FS(C-FS) only or whole FS mixed with crushed FS(M-FS) in same ratio was incubated in vitro to examine the degradation. Supplementation of FS to the diet reduced ammonia-N concentration and molar percent of acetate and butyrate in the mmen fluid of sheep, but whole tract digestibilities of the minor components in diets were not affected by FS supplementation except for decreased neutral detergent fiber digestibility. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and whole tract digestibility of the diets were not affected by type of FS(W-FSD vs. C-FSD) supplemented. Higher ammonia-N concentrations were observed in the incubation solution, and in vitro nylon bag degradations of dry matter and the ether extract from C-FS than those from mixed FS(M-FS).
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