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      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        임상연구 : 위절제술 환자에서 술 후 통증 조절 방법이 Cytokine 반응에 미치는 영향

        정찬종 ( Chan Jong Chung ),신훈식 ( Hoon Sik Shin ),김태균 ( Tae Gyun Kim ),최소론 ( So Ron Choi ),진영준 ( Young Jhoon Chin ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.4

        Background: The postoperative period is associated with the increased production of cytokines, which augments the sensitivity to pain. Epidural analgesia might reduce the postoperative stress response and influence the immune function. This study evaluated the effect of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on the cytokine response, compared with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCTA) in patients undergoing a gastrectomy. Methods: Twenty-nine patients undergoing a gastrectomy were randomly assigned to one of two postoperative pain management techniques: PCTA (fentanyl 15㎍/ml) or PCEA (fentanyl 3㎍/ml in 0.1% ropivacaine). The level of postoperative pain was assessed at rest and during coughing using the visual analog scale (VAS). Blood samples were collected before administering anesthesia and 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery. The plasma concentrations of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-l β, TL-6, TL-8, TL-lra, TL-l0, and TL-2 were assessed. Results: The patients in the PCEA group showed lower VAS pain scores during the 72 h after surgery, compared with the patients in the PCIA group. There was no change in the levels of TNF-α and IL-2 between the two groups at all times examined. In both groups, the levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ra, and IL-10 increased after surgery (each group, P < 0.05) but there was no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that PCEA has no added influences on the cytokine responses after a gastrectomy. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 443~8)

      • 막분리를 포함한 중수 시스템의 개발과 경제성 분석에 관한 연구

        김병직,신훈식 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.27 No.1

        It was reported that the water source is not enough for water production in Korea. Thus it has become of interest to develop dual water production system which can reuse the waste water. This research was undertaken to see the technical and economic feasibility of using ultrafiltration technique as dual water separation. For technical feasibility study, dual water production system including membrane was set up. And three samples of different waste water sources, Shin Dong-A APT(residential waste water), Lotte World(commercial waste water), and Science Room(official waste water) were collected and purified by the dual water production system. The experimental analysis showed that the all permeates purified through UF membrane satisfied the standards for Korean dual water regulation. For economical feasibility study, the mathematical form of cost model was developed and the cost simulation program written by visual basic was developed. Payback period were evaluated for economic comparison of dual water vs. water. In most cases, payback periods are less than 5 years. Technical and economical feasibility study showed that the dual water production system including ultrafiltration was turned out to be promising technique.

      • 막분리를 포함한 중수 시스템의 개발과 경제성 분석에 관한 연구

        김병직,신훈식 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.1

        This research was undertaken to see the technical and economic feasibility of the dual water system using ultrafiltration membrane. For technical feasibility study, dual water production system including membrane was set up. And three samples of different waste water sources, residential waste water, commercial waste water), and official waste water were collected and purified by the dual water production system. The experimental analysis showed that the all permeates purified through UF membrance satisfied the standards for Korean dual water regulation. For economic feasibility study, the mathematical form of cost model was developed and the cost simulation which can evaluate the cost and do the economic feasibility study was programmed. Economic feasibility was represented in terms of pay-back period. Technical and economical feasibility study showed that the dual water production system including ultrafiltration was turned out to be a promising process.

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