濟州道産 소라의 稚貝生産 및 棲息生態에 關한 硏究

변충규(Choong Kyu Pyen),윤정수(Jeong Su Youn) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1990 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.3 No.1

제주 연안해역의 부유물질 변화특성

윤정수(Jeung Su YOUN),변충규(Choong Kyu PYEN) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1992 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.5 No.1

자주복, Takifugu rubripes의 性成熟과 호르몬 處理에 의한 人工採卵에 關한 硏究

양상근(Sang-Geun YANG),이영돈(Young-Don LEE),변충규(Choong-Kyu PYEN) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1994 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.7 No.4

眞珠조개, Pinctada fucata의 稚貝生産 및 養殖에 關한 環境學的 硏究-(4) 種苗量産化에 關한 基礎的 硏究

盧暹,卞忠圭 濟州大學校海洋資源硏究所 1987 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.11 No.-

진주조개 Princtada fucata의 種苗生産技術開發을 위하여 室內水槽에서 殼高 51.5∼95.0㎜되는 母貝 982尾를 使用하여 各種 産卵誘發刺戟을 實施하고 母貝 反應率, 産卵生態, 各 發生段階에 達하는 積算水溫과의 關係를 調査하였다. 幼生期의 먹이生態를 알기 위하여 먹이生物의 種類, 投飾密度에 따른 名 幼生期의 食量, 成長, 生殘率, 海水比重에 따른 幼生의 耐性, 採苗器의 種類와 設置方法에 따른 附着數의 差異를 比較하였다. 附着稚貝를 利用하여 120日 海中育成을 實施하고 中間育成에 適當한 稚貝의 크기와 채롱내의 適正收容密度에 대하여 調査한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 産卵誘發刺戟中 40∼60分의 干出刺戟後 直射光線을 利用한 水溫上昇方法이 가장 效果的이였으며, 이때의 母貝 反應率은 12.35∼59.42%였다. 2. 08:00∼09:00시에 産卵誘發刺戟을 實施한 경우 반응시간은 干出刺戟後 1∼3時間後인 10:00∼12:00시 사이로서 反應個體의 77.12%가 이때에 집중적으로 産卵하였다. 3. 水溫 21.7∼29.3℃ 範圍에서 名 幼生期에 이르기까지 水溫(X)과 孵化時間 (Y:Tro-chophore, D狀幼生 : 分, 초기각정기 이후 幼生 : 日)과의 사이의 關係式은 다음과 같이 表示되었다. Trochophore 幼生 : Y =-21.0113 X + 876.7249(r= 0.9733), D狀幼生 : Y =-21.9782 X + 1719.5152(r=0.9303), 初期殼頂期幼生 : Y=-0.7163X + 25.3230(r=0.9752), 殼頂期幼生 : Y=-1.0108X + 37.5844(r=0.9586), 成熟仔貝期 : Y=-0.6569X + 31.6218(r=0.8523). 4. 먹이生物로서 P. lutheri + C. simplex를 混合하여 먹인 것과 P. lutheri, C. simplex, Chlorella sp.를 單一먹이로 飼育한 경우 孵化後經過日數(X)에 따른 殼長(Y)의 成長 關係式은 Y =7.050X + 56.0477 (r=0.9939), Y =6.6881X + 55.6323 (r=0.9911) Y =4.3864X + 58.1607 (r=0.9687), Y =0.5829X + 71.8874 (r=0.9801)로 表示되었다. 5. P. lutheri의 密度에 따른 名 段階別幼生의 攝食率과의 關係에서 求해진 最大攝食量(MF)과 이에 도달하기 위한 適正먹이密度(OF)는 孵化後 1∼5日 幼生은 MF=418.76±34.95 cells/ml OF=6692.31 cells/ml 孵化後 6∼10日 幼生은 MF=1237.60±42.53 cells/ml OF=12958.39 cells/ml 孵化後 11∼15日 幼生은 MF=4891.00±297.88 cells/ml OF=45269.02 cells/ml 孵化後 16∼20日 幼生 MF=17639.33±460.37 cells/ml OF=45269.02 cells/ml 孵化後 21∼25日 幼生 MF=40651.33±444.95 cells/ml OF=56183.25 cells/ml였다. 6. 굴貝殼, Nylon 그물, PVC 平板을 利用한 採苗器材質에 따른 附着幼生數의 差異는 보이지 않았으나 採苗器의 設置方法에서는 垂直方向보다 水槽底面에 水平으로 깔아둔 方法이 현저하게 많은 편이었다. 7. 海中 中間育成에 適合한 크기는 生殘率의 견지에서 5㎜以上의 크기가 바람직하였고, 殼長 10㎜以內의 크기인 120日間의 飼育에서 채롱(φ20×20cm)의 收容密度 1∼6 個體/㎠에서의 成長 및 生殘率은 類似하게 나타났다. In order to develop the technique for seed production of a pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, the successive experiments including the spawning induction, larval development, feeding ecology and growth of larvae, spat collection in rearing tank and culture of young pearl oysters in the sea were carried. Results obtained by these experiments are summarized as follows. 1. Stimulation with water temperature raised by heat of sunshine after exposing adults in the air for 30 to 60 minutes was most effective in spawning induction of P.fucata. 12.35∼59.24% of adults tested were spawned by this method. 2. Adults reacted in 1 to 3 hours after receiveing the stimulation of exposure and 77.12% of them spawned. 3. In a range of temperature, 21.7℃ to 29.0℃, relationships between water temperature(X, ℃) and time required(Y, trochophore and D-shaped larvae in min., after early umbo larvae in day) for development of each larval stage were expressed by following formulae; Trochophore ; Y =-21.0113X + 876.7349 (r= 0.9733) D-shaped ; Y =-21.9782x + 1719.5152 (r=0.9303) Early umbo ; Y=-0.7163X + 25.3230 (r=0.9752) Umbo ; Y=-1.0108X + 37.5844 (r=0.9586) Fully grown : Y=-0.6569X + 31.6218 (r=0.8523) 4. When the larvae after hatching were fed with three species of food organism, relationships between feeding duration (X, days) and growth of shell length (Y, ㎛) were expressed by following formulae ; Pavlova lutheri ; Y =6.6881X + 55.6323 (r=0.9911) Chaetoceros simplex ; Y =4.3864X + 58.1607 (r=0.9687) P.lutheri+C. simplex ; Y =7.050 + 56.0477 (r=0.9939) Chlorella sp. ; Y =0.5829X + 71.8874 (r=0.9801)

진주조개(Pinctada fucata)의 치패생산 및 양식에 관한 환경학적 연구-(2) : 천연채묘와 월동사육

변충규,노섬,전득산 제주대학교 해양연구소 1986 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.10 No.-

汽水湖(香湖.梅湖ㆍ永郞湖ㆍ松池湖ㆍ花津浦)의 環境 및 生物相 調査 報告

卞忠圭 제주대학교 1984 논문집 Vol.18 No.-

1. 5個湖沼內의 水溫範圍는 表層이 0.20∼27.3℃ 이며 底層이 0.4∼27.1℃로서 冬期에는 表面이 氷板狀態가 持續되었다. 2. 5個湖沼內의 鹽分濃度範圍는 表層이 0.78∼21.52%, 底層이 1.04∼22.35%로서 各湖沼마다 降雨量과 波浪時의 海水流入에 따라 鹽分濃度變化가 심한 편이었고, 大體로 春季가 높고 夏季가 낮은 편이었다. 3. 5個湖沼內의 溶存酸素量 範圍는 表層이 5.41∼8.93ml/l, 底層이 4.51∼8.86ml/l였고, 窒酸鹽(NO2-N) 範圍는 表層이 0.047∼0.484㎍-at/l, 底層이 0.016∼0.483㎍-at/l 였고, 燐酸鹽 (PO4-P)範圍는 表層이 0.013∼0.0381㎍-at/l, 底層이 0.022∼0.510㎍-at/l였다. 4. 5個湖沼內에서의 採集된 魚類는 14科 18種으로서 그中 붕어ㆍ황어ㆍ숭어ㆍ뱀장어ㆍ꾸구리ㆍ감성돔ㆍ전어 等은 各湖沼마다 採集되었고 大部分이 溫水性이며, 鹹ㆍ淡水에 適應力이 强한 魚種이였다. 5. 5個湖沼內의 植物性浮游生物의 出現種類數는 49屬 125種中 硅藻類가 33屬 102 種, 綠藻類 12屬 18種, 鹽藻類 4屬 5種으로서 硅藻類가 가장 많은 편이였다. 그外 原生動物類인 鞭毛蟲類가 5屬 7種, 纖毛蟲類가 4屬 4種, 輪蟲類가 1屬 1種, 그리고 甲殼類인 橈脚類(copepoda)와 各種浮游卵等이 出現되었다. 6. 植物性浮游生物의 分布相은 淡水産이 38種으로서 30.4%, 汽水産이 29種으로 23.2%였고, 沿岸外洋性海水産이 27種으로서 21.6%이며 海水ㆍ汽水ㆍ淡水域에 混在하고 있는 種類는 31種으로 全體의 24.8%였다. The monthly fluctuation of the environmental factors and the habitats of fishes in five lakes were surveyed (Hyang Ho, Mae Ho, Yeong Rang Ho, Song Ji Ho, and Hwa Jin Po) in Kangwon-do areas. Followings are the results obtained from this survey. 1) The ranges of temperature at five lakes were from 0.2℃ to 27.3℃ at surface and from 0.6℃ to 27.1℃ at bottom through the year. The surface water was frozen in winter. 2) The yearly changes of salinity were from 0.78 to 21.52% at the surface and from 1.04 to 22.35% at the bottom, which was principally influenced by changes of the amount of rainfall and inflow of sea water. Generally, salinity showed higher value in spring and lower in summer. 3) The dissolved oxygen ranged from 5.41 to 8.93ml/l at the surface and from 4.51 to 8.86ml/l at the bootom in each lakes. The amounts of nutrient salts (NO₂-N, PO₄-P) in each lakes were as followos: NO₂-N; surface 0.047 - 0.484 ug-atomas/1 bottom 0.016 - 0.438 ug-atoms/1 PO₄-P; surface 0.013 - 0.0381 ug-atoms/1 bottom 0.022 - 0.510 ug-atoms/1 4) The fish sampled from the five lakes were identified as 18 species of 14 families. Among them, Carp(C yprirnus carpio), Fall fish (Jribolodon hakonensis), Mullet(Mugil cephalus), Eel(Anguila japonica), Loach(Gobiobotia macrocephalus), Black sea bream(Mylio macrocephalus), and Hichoryshad(Konosirus punctatus), etc. were common in each lake. Most of them were warm water fish and also adaptable to both salty water and fresh water. 5) The flora of phytoplankton of 125 species belonging to 49 genera from the five lakes were collected. Among them, 33 genera, 102 species of Bacillario phyceae (Diatoms), 12 genera, 18 species of Chlorophyceae were identified. Especially, among Diatoms, genus Nitzschia was dominant. Protozoans were found, 7 species of Chromonadea belonging to 5 genera, 4 species of ciliates of 4 genera and 1 species of rotatoria. Some copepods and planktonic eggs were collected also. 6) The quantitative compositions of phytoplankton were as follows : Fresh water species were 30.4%(38 spp.), salty water species 23.2%(29 spp.) and coastal water species 21.6%(27 spp.). And the rest of the 24.8% was consisted of the euryhaline species(31 spp).

전복의 치패사육과 성장에 관한 연구

변충규,정상철 제주대학교 해양연구소 1984 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.8 No.-

Rearing and growth of young abalone (Haliotis discus) was studied from January 1983 to December 1983. The experiment was carried out in the Cheju fisheries seed culture center. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. The growth rate of abalones spawned in spring was superior to that of those spawned in fall . Those spawned in September and October were bigger than those spawned in November. 2. The growth of young abalone spawned by the same adult population were collected under similar condition was classified into the good and poor groups. Their growth equations were L_(t)=67.180(I-e^(-0.697(t-0.140))), L_(t)=52.635 (I-e^(0.669(t-0.235))), respectively. 3. The relationship between shell length and weight of young abalones is shown as follows : W=0.3800L^(2.1715) 4. The growth and survival rate according by materials in the outdoor aquarium were not difference. As the shell length was larger, the survival rate was higher. 5. Leaves of broader and softer tissue such as brown seaweed were efficient in increase of shell length and weight of the young abalones.

전복의 稚貝飼育과 成長에 關한 硏究

卞忠圭,鄭相喆 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1984 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-

1981年 6月에서 1982年 11月사이에 産卵된 전복類의 稚貝飼育結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 稚貝의 成長은 春季에 産卵된 것이 良好하였으며, 秋季産에 있어서는 11月에 比하여 9~10月에 採苗한 것이 有利하였다. 2. 同一條件下에서 採苗한 稚貝의 成長은, 成長이 좋은 個體群과 成長이 나쁜 個體群으로 分離되며, 各各의 成長式은 ??=??. ??=??이었다. 3. 稚貝의 殼長과 體重과의 關係는 w=??이었다. 4. 野外飼育時 飼育資材에 따른 成長가 生殘率에는 差異가 없었으며, 殼長이 클수록 生殘率은 높은 頃向이었다. 5. 飼料供給에 있어서는 미역과 같이 葉體가 넓고 組織이 부드러울수록 殼長 및 體重增加에 效率이 높았다. Rearing and growth of young abalone(Haliotis discus) was studied from January 1983 to December 1983. The experiment was carried out in the Cheju fisheries seed culture center. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. The growth rate of abalones spawned in spring was superior to that of those spawned in fall. Those spawned in September and October were bigger than those spawned in November. 2. The growth of young abalone spawned by the same adult population were collected under similar condition was classified into the good and poor groups. Their growth equations were ??=??, ??=?? respectively. 3. The relationship between shell length and weight of young abalones is shown as follows; W=?? 4. The growth and survival rate according by materials in the outdoor aquarium were not difference. As the shell length was larger, the survival rate was higher. 5. Leaves of broader and softer tissue such as brown seaweed were efficient in increase of shell length and weight of the young abalones.

먹이生物의 大量生産에 關한 硏究

鄭相喆,卞忠圭 濟州大學校 海洋資源硏究所 1985 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

1. 光의 强弱에 適應性이 강한 溶液은 Gilbelt 氏溶液으로 限界收容力은 ??cells/㎖이었다. 또 21。∼24℃의 水溫範圍에서 螢光燈下의 Johnston 溶液은 實測値의 限界力 ?? cells/㎖로 더욱 效果的이었다. Chlorella의 自然增加率은 0.5 내지 0.7의 높은 값이었다. 2. 本 實驗에 사용된 溶液中 Johnstom이 가장 效果가 있었으며, 100cells/㎖에서 접종한 Diatom의 培養은 6∼7日만에 peak에 到達하였고, 22。∼24℃의 水溫에서 10200cells/㎖까지 增加하였다. 3. Rotifer의 培養에 있어서 chlorella만 給餌하는 것보다 chlorella와 yeast를 混用하는 것이 보다 效果的이었다. 4. Chlorella만을 給餌하였을 경우 給餌量에 따른 增加速度는 差異가 없었으나, 給餌量이 ??cells/㎖의 水槽에서 Rotifer의 增加量이 높았다. 5. Rotifer의 卵形成所要巢過時間에 있어서 빠른 것은 約 40時間에서 늦은 것은 約 9 0時間으로 初期段階보다 後期段階로 갈수록 길어지는 傾向이 있으며 脫落의 時間은 13時間내지 15時間이 所用되었다. 6. Rotifer의 경우, 水溫을 29℃로 上昇시켰을 경우 耐久卵이 形成되며, 20%의 Nacl을 添加하였을 경우 沈澱卵이 全部 浮上하였다. 7. 西歸浦沿岸에 많이 出現하는 動物性 플랑크톤은 Calanus sinicus와 Acartia clausi이며 tide pool에서 添集한 Copepoda는 Pseudodiaptonus marinus와 unidentified benthic harpacticoid sp.이다. 培養에는 tide pool종이 外洋性보다 長期間 棲息하는 傾向이 있었다. 8. 理外시멘트 水槽內에 垂下한 採苗板(30×30㎝)에 付着된 植物性 플랑크톤은 硅藻類가 8科 22屬 28種이었고, 水槽內에 發生하는 動物性 플랑크톤은 橈脚類와 多毛類의 出現率이 높았다. Gibelt's medium showed favourable adaptability at various irradiance and it supported cell growth to ?? cells/㎖. Under fluorescent illumination, Johjston's medium supported cell growth to ?? cells/ℓ at 21-24℃, and so was assumed to be adequate. In the most efficient medium Johnston's diatoms inoculated at the density of 100cells/㎖ reached a peak after 6-7 days, and increased to 10,200 cells/㎖ at 22-24℃. The growth of rotifers fed on a mixture of chlorella and yeast were more favourable than the groups fed on yeast only. In the groups of rotifers fed on chlorella only. there were no difference between the rates of increase by concentration fo prey. But the yield of rotifers was high in the case of more concentration of chlorella(?? cells/㎖). The time required to egg formation varied from 40 hours to 90 hours. There was a delaying tendency as generations of culture developed. The necessary time in spawning was 13-15 hours. When the water temperature was raised to 29℃, rotifers formed resting eggs. All of the resting eggs floated after adding NaCl up to 20%. At the coastal zone of the study area, the dominant species of zooplankton population were copepods Calanus sinicus and Acartia clausi. On the other hand Pseudodiaptonus marinus and unidentified benthic harpacticoid sp. kominated in the tide pools. 28 Species of diatoms attached to a polyethylene plate(30×30cm) were submerged in an outdoor seawater tank. The zooplankton formed in the tank were mostly of polychates and copepods.

소라의 종묘양산에 관한 기초적 연구

노섬,변충규,손송정 제주대학교 해양연구소 1986 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.10 No.-