미국의 청소년 비행과 그 대책 : 1870 - 1910

배임호(Im Ho Bae) 한국청소년학회 1997 청소년학연구 Vol.4 No.-

미국의 초기 사회에는 대도시마다 맡은 청소년 범법자들이 있었는데 이들은 주거지가 없었으며 일종의 위험한 계층(Dangerous Class)을 형성하고 있었다. 그 사회의 청소년 비행과 이에 대한 당시의 대책들을 이해하기 위하여, 시대적으로는 1870년부터 1910년까지로 한정하였으며 최초의 문헌들(Primary Literature Sources)을 연구함으로써 당시에 어떤 청소년 비행이 있었는가?, 이들을 해결하기 위한 대책들은 어떤 것이 있었는가?, 이러한 대책들의 효과는 어떠하였는가? 와 같은 연구 질문에 대한 답을 추구하였다. 본 연구를 위하여 설정된 시기에는 자선조직운동이 한창이었고 경제공황이 있었으며 빈곤을 예방하기 위한 운동들이 시작되었다. 또한 이 시기에는 청소년비행자들을 시설에 수용하는 움직임이 다시 시작된 시기이기도 하다. 이러한 시기에 실시된 여러 대책 가운데에서 빈곤한 남녀 청소년을 위한 최선의 예방책은 직업훈련이었다. 빈곤한 소녀들 사이에는 매춘 행위가 만연해 있었는데, 이들을 위해서는 재봉이나 요리와 같은 직업훈련이 효과적이었다. 19세기 말 무렵 주거지가 없는 청소년들을 타인의 가정에 위탁하는 제도가 급속히 확산되었다. 그리하여 당시 집이 없는 소년 소녀들은 위탁 가정을 찾아 서부 지역으로 보내졌다. 이는 가정에서의 보살핌을 시설에 수용하는 것보다 선호한 일면이기도 하다. In the earlier period of American society, there were a great multitude of the young ruffians of big cities who have no home became the dangerous class. In order to understand the juvenile delinquency and treatment, the time period for this study was limited to 1870-1910 to pursue answers through primary literature sources to research questions such as what kinds of juvenile delinquency were there?, what kinds of efforts were made to treat the youth`s problems?, what was the effectiveness of those treatments?. In the era, there were the peak of the charity organization movement and the industrial depression, the beginning of movements which are based on the prevention of poverty, and the revival of institution-oriented delinquent treatment. Among the treatments for the destitute boys and girls, the best preventive was industrial training. Among those girls, prostitution was dominant. To save them, vocational training such as sewing, cooking, etc. was effective. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, the placing-out of children spread rapidly. The homeless boys and girls had to be sent to a farming family in the West as a foster family. The family-oriented care was preferred to institutional care as a preventive method. And the juvenile courts became the main concept for the problem of juvenile delinquency in the early twentieth century.1.

矯導所 在所者의 對人關係 經驗에 관한 硏究

배임호(Im-Ho Bae),염경진(Kyeong-Jin Yeom) 숭실대학교 사회과학연구소 2010 사회과학논총 Vol.12 No.-

본 연구는 교도소 재소자의 수형생활 가운데 재소자 간의 대인관계 경험에 대해 보다 심층적인 이해를 위하여 ○○교도소에 수감 중인 재소자 4명을 대상으로 심층면담에 기초한 질적연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과 재소자 간 대인관계 경험의 핵심범주는 ‘재소자 간 갈등관계 사회적 지지관계 주고받으며 수형생활 해 나가기’로 도출되었고, 범주 간의 관계를 지속적으로 확인한 결과 재소자의 대인관계 유형은 갈등관계 측면에서는 ‘참고살기’, ‘방관하기’로, 사회적 지지관계 측면에서는 ‘제한적으로 도움주고 받기’, ‘상대방 이용하기’로 도출되었다. 재소자의 대인관계 경험을 분석한 결과 재소자 간 갈등관계는 가석방 혜택 및 행형점수에 부정적인 영향을 미치기 때문에 갈등을 적극적으로 해결하기보다 ‘회피’ 또는 ‘인내’, ‘방관자적인 태도 취하기’ 등으로 나타났다. 사회적 지지관계 형성에 있어서는 재소자 사이의 사회적 지지관계가 통제되기 때문에 제한적 혹은 부정적인 사회적 지지관계를 형성하는 것으로 보였다. 이러한 연구결과들을 근거로 재소자 사이의 갈등관계 해결 및 사회적 지지관계 활성화를 위한 교정사회복지 실천방안을 제시하였다. This study tried to understand in great depth about the experience of inmates' interpersonal relationships and how they affect prison life through using a qualitative research method. The core category of the experiences of interpersonal relationship between inmates is indicated as 'managing a giving and taking relationship in their social support between inmates while they feel conflicts in interpersonal relationships'. As the result of confirming relationships between categories that were continually shown as centering on the core category, the interpersonal relationship types were divided into 'living with patience' and 'living like a bystander' in the area of conflict relationships, and 'helping each other restrictively' and 'using other people' in the area of social support relationships. As one of main proposals that are based on the results of this research, it is necessary to devise a correctional welfare program relating to conflict resolution and mediation program to activate social support relationships between inmates to help inmates have an amicable prison life.

대중매체에 나타난 범죄사건의 영향에 관한 연구

배임호(Im-ho Bae) 숭실대학교 사회과학연구소 2009 사회과학논총 Vol.11 No.-

대중매체는 사회의 구성원들에게 모든 측면에서 영향을 미치게 된다. 특히 청소년들은 대중문화와 관련되는 활동들에 관련되는 경향이 많고, 영화, TV, 스포츠, 음악, 잡지, 신문 등과 같은 대중매체에 한층 이끌리게 된다. 대중매체는 이를 접하는 사람에게 긍정적인 영향과 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 매중매체, 예를 들어, 영화가 관람자들에게 항상 교육적이거나 긍정적일 필요는 없는 것이다. 그러나 영화의 부정적인 영향이 묵과되어서는 안되며, 그 중에서도 관람자가 청소년이거나 부정적 영향을 쉽게 받을 수 있는 사람들일 경우에 영화의 부정적 영향이 소홀히 취급되지 말아야 한다. 본 연구를 위하여 두 영화, ‘살인이 추억’과 ‘그 놈의 목소리’를 선택하여 그 내용을 분석하였다. 이들 영화가 미칠 수 있는 영향을 경찰/정부차원에서, 지역사회차원에서, 범죄피해자 가족의 차원에서 살펴봄으로써 교정서비스의 프로그램이나 접근방법을 위한 시사점들을 얻고자 하였다. Mass media influences people in a society in every aspect. In particular, young people tend to be drawn to activities related to popular culture and mass media such as movies, TV, sports, music, magazines, newspapers, etc. Mass media produce both the positive and negative effects onto their consumers. It is not necessary for mass media, for example, a movie to be educational or positive for a movie spectator. The negative effects, however, should not be ignored, especially if th viewers are adolescent or vulnerable. In this research, the movies, “Memory of Murder” and “Voice of the Guy”, which are related to actual criminal cases, were selected for reviewing. The analysis of the influences of these movies in terms of the view points of the police or government, the community, or the crime victim’s family, indicates some useful implications for approaches or programs of correctional service.

학업중단 북한이탈 청소년의 적응과정에 관한 질적연구

배임호 ( Im Ho Bae ),양영은 ( Young Eun Yang ) 한국사회복지연구회 2010 사회복지연구 Vol.41 No.4

Nowadays Korean society has a fast growing population of North Korean immigrant youth. Especially, North Korean immigrant youth, who are discontinuing formal education, experience difficulties in social exclusion and adaptation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of adaptation and social support of North Korean immigrant youth discontinuing formal education, and to seek affirmative supporting plans and solutions for their adaptation. The methodology utilized for this study was a case study research. On the basis of the results and categorization, `a network between overall categories and of early adaptation` was derived. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, the participants of this study experienced major difficulties during `economical adaptation`, and their economical adaptation was strongly interrelated with their `educational adaptation`. The discontinuing of their education resulting from their fleeing period caused `academic differential and age disparity.` Thus they could not enroll in the formal education system, and their insufficient educational background resulted in low wages and overwork due to manual labor jobs. Second, participants recognized `interpersonal relations` as the most essential factor in adaptation, and `social support` from the interpersonal relations played an important role in adaptation to and comfort in Korean society. `Interactions with South Koreans` was recognized as a significant resource for gaining informational and appraisal support, but was not activated satisfactorily. On the other hand, interaction with North Korean immigrants was avoided by the reason that `there`s nothing to learn`, however emotional support from North Korean immigrants of close relationship played an important role in participants` adaptation, especially in all aspects of psychological adaptation. Third, participants experienced a lot of difficulties and stresses in their `physical health and psychological adaptation`. Their chronic diseases worsened by remaining untreated, and female perceived symptoms were observed more often than in male. Meanwhile, excessive `stresses` from the unfamiliar environment of South Korea negatively affected their psychological adaptation. However, they were satisfied with sense of liberty and security from living in a democratic society.

청소년범죄자의 피해자인지에 관한 연구: 소년보호기관 위탁청소년을 중심으로

김웅수 ( Woong Soo Kim ),배임호 ( Im Ho Bae ) 한국청소년복지학회 2012 청소년복지연구 Vol.14 No.1

The aim of this study was to find out what the juvenile delinquents recognized their victims like. Also, this study was to explore factors that affected accountabilities of their offenses. A total of 350 subjects in the 12 juvenile protection institutions were sampled and surveyed. Then, collected data were analyzed through the analysis of frequency for the subjects` demographic backgrounds, and the descriptive statistic on psychological and social characteristics of the subjects. In addition, to inquire the differences according to ``juvenile protection institution``, ``factors related to offenses``, and other factors such as ``relationship with the victim``, ``desire to meet the victim``, t-test and ANOVA test were employed. The hierarchical regression methods were employed for determining important factors influencing in the recognitions of the victims. As the research results, we found that important factors for recognizing their victims are ``forgiveness from the victim``, ``understanding their accountability``, ``understanding consequences of the offense``, ``fairness of punishment``, and ``seriousness of the offense``. Therefore, it is concluded that these meaningful various factors for recognizing the victims should be considered for intervening in correcting the juvenile offenders` behaviors. Correctional policies, services, and programs with the paradigm of restorative justice for the juvenile offenders are also suggested. Finally, some other measures and suggestions for protecting juvenile offenses were made on the foundation of this research results.