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우기도,김석원,김대영,박영구,류재화 ( Kee Do Woo,Sug Won Kim,Dae Young Kim,Young Koo Park,Jae Hwa Ryu ) 한국열처리공학회 1997 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.10 No.2
In high carbon steels, the cementite phase is more unstable thermally than graphite, and it can lead to a marked deterioration in the formability. Many studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of the fundamental elements on the graphitization of cementite in high carbon steels. In this present work, the effect of Mn, Cr addition on graphitization in Fe-0.65%C-1.0%Si steel has been investigated by means of hardness testing, optical microscopy and EPMA. The nucleation of graphite may mostly depend on the dissolution rate of cementite into ferrite and the number of the nucleation sites of graphite. The graphitization was promoted by the addition of 0.1%Mn in high carbon steel, but retarded by more addition than 0.5% of Mn. By the more addition of Cr than 0.1%, the graphitization of high carbon steel was strongly retarded. Because Mn was moderate anti-graphitizer, but Cr was stroug antigraphitizer.
박종현,우기도,박영구,류재화,진영철 한국열처리공학회 1999 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
Graphitization of cementite in high carbon steels at subcritical temperature is reported. We have studied about the effects of Ni in these steels on graphitization. The chemical compositions of the specimens were Fe-(0.54, 0.7)%-C-1.0%Si-0.1%Mn-(0.2∼1.0)%Ni. After annealing at 650℃, 680℃ and 700℃ during various time the microstructures and hardness change were observed. In order to recover the initial hardness of high carbon steel, dissolution treatment of graphite was performed at 870℃. In case of 0.7%C steel, graphitization was accelerated rather 1.0%Ni addition steel than 0.2% and 0.54%Ni addition steels but the graphite is coarser. In case of 0.54%C-0.2%Ni steel, graphite particles were distributed relatively homogeniously and finely. Nickel addition promotes graphitization of these steels but makes graphite blocky.