시맨틱 웹과 의미적 연결성 : 웹 사이언스를 위한 출발점

김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국정보과학회 2010 정보과학회지 Vol.28 No.3

공공데이터 개방표준 데이터의 품질평가

김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.20 No.9

공공데이터는 공공기관이 전자적으로 생성 또는 취득하여 관리하고 있는 모든 정보와 전자화된 파일이다. 공공데이터는 인공지능, 스마트 시티 등 차세대 신산업을 견인하는 중요한 요소로 인식되고 있다. 한국은 공공데이터 개방과 관련된 국제 평가에서 연속적으로 높은 순위에 위치하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 공공데이터의 활용과 산업적 영향은 미흡하다. 공공데이터의 활용이 미흡한 이유는 다양할 수 있지만, 데이터 품질은 지속적으로 논의되는 주요 이슈이다. 본 논문은 공공데이터 품질 평가를 위한 지표를 검토하고, 개방된 공공데이터를 대상으로 정량적 품질 평가를 수행한다. 특히, 공공데이터 관리지침을 기준으로 구축 및 개방된 개방표준 데이터의 품질을 진단하여 정부의 가이드라인이 적합한지 검토한다. 데이터 품질평가는 개방표준 데이터의 메타데이터와 데이터값을 포함하고, 완전성과 정확성 지표를 기준으로 검토한다. 데이터 분석결과를 바탕으로 품질 개선을 위한 정책적 · 기술적 방안을 제안한다. Public data refers to all data or information created by public institutions, and public information that leads to communication and cooperation among all people. Public data is an important method to lead the next generation of new industries such as artificial intelligence and smart cities, Korea is continuously ranked high in the international evaluation related to public data. However, despite the continuous efforts, the use of public data or industrial influence is insufficient. Quality issues are continuously discussed in the use of public data, but the criteria for quantitatively evaluating data are insufficient. This paper reviews indicators for public data quality evaluation and performs quantitative evaluation on selected public data. In particular, the quality of open standard data constructed and opened based on public data management guidelines is examined to determine whether government guidelines are appropriate. The data quality assessment includes the metadata and data values of open standard data, and is reviewed based on completeness and accuracy indicators. Based on the data analysis results, this paper proposes policy and technical measures for quality improvement.

공개 정부 데이터의 현황과 과제

김학래(Haklae Kim),최재화(Jaehwa Choi) 국제e-비즈니스학회 2011 e-비즈니스 연구 Vol.12 No.3

공공데이터포털에 공개된 지방자치단체의 공공데이터 활용 방안

김동준(Dongjun Kim),김현지(Hyeonji Kim),송채은(Chaeeun Song),양지우(Jiwoo Yang),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2021 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3

The Korean Government is continuously disclosing public data and is pursuing various policies for industrial use. Although the government continues to public data, the use of public data in the private sector is still limited. There are some issues associated with public data, such as improvement of low quality and standards for connecting between heterogenous dataset. Also, comprehensive diagnosis is essential, including a process of identifying and releasing on-demand datasets in a timely manner and evaluation for public data that has been released. This paper evaluates the utilisation of local governments public data released to the public data portal. The data utilisation is measured by the users views and downloads of individual datasets. Although public data is constantly being disclosed, they are not actually being used by private sectors or enterprises. This paper diagnoses the current state of use of public data by local governments and proposes a means to improve the environment for using public data.

행정표준코드의 기관코드를 활용한 공공데이터의 품질 개선 방법 제안

김현지(Hyeonji Kim),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2022 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.3

Data quality is an important requisite to be considered throughout the data lifecycle. In order to secure the quality of public data, Korea government evaluates the data quality management level of administrative institutions and presents data quality indicators. However, the existing quality management process is organized around the database, making it difficult to apply to the dataset. Quality evaluation for opened datasets usually targets the format of values of specific attributes or metadata. There are insufficient studies to evaluate the quality of data value and improve the error value to the correct value. This paper evaluates the quality of public data released to public data portal and proposes a method to improve the quality of data by applying administrative standard codes. Quality evaluation indicators use completeness and accuracy to evaluate the quality of the value. As a result of the evaluation, the completeness of the file data released to the public data portal is 0.74, and 859,509 rows of inaccurate organization name is improved.

아마존 알렉사

양정연(Jungyeon Yang),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국정보과학회 2017 정보과학회지 Vol.35 No.8

DCAT-AP-KR: 국내 데이터 포털의 상호운용을 위한 애플리케이션 프로파일

박하람(Haram Park),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2022 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.11

Public data is increasingly critical for fostering data-driven economy. It can be improved through continuous feedback of supply and demand from data providers and consumers. Data consumers are able to freely use public data and create new values by interlinking and consolidating among heterogeneous data from different data sources. Public institutions, which are data providers, should offer a set of datasets that consumers need, and provide methods for identifying datasets among data portals, which aim to create a new dataset by interlinking them. However, there are no standards or guidelines for metadata used in data portals operated by public institutions. This paper proposes DCAT-AP-KR, a set of metadata elements that can be commonly applied to data portals in Korea. It extracts metadata from data portals operated by public institutions and defines a set of common metadata through semantic analysis. The common metadata is added as a new vocabulary by applying the design principles of the DCAT-AP vocabulary. DCAT-AP-KR is a vocabulary specification that consistently represent the common metadata elements and values by applying the design principles of the DCAT-AP vocabulary.

지방자치단체의 공공데이터 개방 현황 분석과 개선방안

송채은(Chaeeun Song),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2022 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.23 No.4

The Korean government has been actively opening public data since 2013, and it is evaluated as a world leader. Public data refers to data held by public institutions open to citizens, and various public institutions are included. In particular, local governments, which have occupied about 50% provided by the public data portal, play a very important role in providing public data. However, local governments have various limitations in establishing and executing systematic policies for the disclosure and use of public data, and the reality is that the level of disclosure and data management of public data is very different depending on the local government. This paper analyzes the current status of local governments for efficient public data management and policy implementation, and analyzes the characteristics of local governments from a management and operational perspective. Through this, we suggest ways to improve the public data policy and management system of local governments.

1997 외환위기 지식그래프: 디지털 아카이브의 관계 중심적 접근

이유경(Yu-kyeong Lee),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국기록관리학회 2020 한국기록관리학회지 Vol.20 No.4

정보기술의 발전에 따라 아카이브의 디지털화가 가속화되고 있다. 그런데 전통적인 방식의 디지털 아카이브는 기록을 효과적으로 검색하고 연계하고 이해하는 데 한계가 있다. 본 논문은 디지털 아카이브의 활용성을 극대화하기 위한 방안으로 관계 중심의 지식그래프 방식을 제안한다. 디지털 아카이브의 사례인 ‘1997 외환위기 아카이브’의 특징을 검토하고, 아카이브에 포함된 모든 개체와 개체 사이의 관계는 RiC-O(Records in Contexts-Ontology) 기반의 지식그래프로 구축한다. 본 연구의 결과인 외환위기 지식그래프는 1997 외환위기 아카이브의 모든 개체를 기계가 처리할 수 있는 형식으로 구축한다. 디지털 아카이브와 비교해 지식그래프 접근은 개체의 정보, 개체 사이의 관계를 정확히 탐색할 수 있고, 이를 통해 의미검색, 지능형 서비스에 활용될 수 있다. Along with the development of information technology, the digitalization of archives has also been accelerating. However, digital archives have limitations in effectively searching, interlinking, and understanding records. In response to these issues, this study proposes a knowledge graph that represents comprehensive relationships among heterogeneous entities in digital archives. In this case, the knowledge graph organizes resources in the archives on the Korean financial crisis of 1997 by transforming them into named entities that can be discovered by machines. In particular, the study investigates and creates an overview of the characteristics of the archives on the Korean financial crisis as a digital archive. All resources on the archives are described as entities that have relationships with other entities using semantic vocabularies, such as Records in Contexts-Ontology (RiC-O). Moreover, the knowledge graph of the Korean Financial Crisis of 1997 is represented by resource description framework (RDF) vocabularies, a machine-readable format. Compared to conventional digital archives, the knowledge graph enables users to retrieve a specific entity with its semantic information and discover its relationships with other entities. As a result, the knowledge graph can be used for semantic search and various intelligent services.

도서관 관련 공공데이터의 관리와 활용에 대한 탐색적 분석

송채은(Chaeeun Song),김학래(Haklae Kim) 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2023 한국디지털콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.24 No.12

Public libraries offer key information resources for data-driven decision-making through open access to various types of libraryrelated data, primarily in the form of public data. However, due to dispersion across different data portals, establishing a consistent management system proves challenging, thereby impeding data accessibility. This study comprehensively analyzed 19 data portals to assess the current status of openness, aiming to integrate dispersed library data systematically. First, proposing the standardization of classification systems and metadata across data portals, we investigated library data characteristics. Second, we conducted an exploratory analysis using collected metadata, focusing on parameters such as “modification date,” “update cycle,” “number of views,” and “number of downloads” to evaluate the dynamic aspects of library data. The study resulted in the collection of 4,848 library data, the integration of metadata and the classification system, and the evaluation of update compliance and utilization by data portal.