만성 신부전과 동반된 일차성 알도스테론증

김용수 ( Yong Soo Kim ),최훈영 ( Hoon Young Choi ),김현진 ( Hyun Jin Kim ),김동기 ( Dong Ki Kim ),정인현 ( In Hyun Jung ),김형종 ( Heung Jong Kim ),이태희 ( Tae Hee Lee ),윤수영 ( Soo Young Yoon ),최규현 ( Kyu Hyun Choi ),강신욱 ( 대한신장학회 2003 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.22 No.1

Background : Early detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important for inhibition of kidney disease progression and prevention of cardiovascular complications. Treatment of Anemia that is frequently accompanied with CKD, are important for prevention of cardiovascular complications. The lastest K/SOQI-CKD guideline targets early detection and treatment of kidney disease, and the study for these are necessary in Korea. In Korea, until mowadays, the study for prevalence, severity of anemia and influencing factors on anemia in CKD, were rare. Thus in our center, we classified patient for severity of CKD as K/DOQI-CKD guideline and studied prevalence, severity of anemia and influencing factors on anemia. Methods : According to K/DOQI-CKD guideline, patients were staged by GFR calculated by Adbbreviated MDRD Study Equation. Anemia was defined by Hb lessl than 10.0 g/dL below which hemodynamic change develops. We examined the frequency of anemia and independent factors that influences on anemia in study patients. Results : Mean creatinine levels for stage 1 to 5 were 0.87±0.15 (0.7-1.1) mg/dL; 1.04±0.18 (0.8-1.4) mg/dL; 1.69±0.36 (1.1-2.7) mg/dL; 2.90±0.66 (1.9-4.7) mg/dL; 5.01±1.28 (3.3-8.8) mg/dL. Mean Hb levels and percentage of anemic patients in each stages were 12.95±1.46 (10.5-15.4) g/dL, 0%; 13.31±2.20 (7.8-17.7) g/dL, 10.3%; 11.32±2.07 (7.4-16.6) g/dL, 25.5%; 10.10±1.71 (6.7-14.0) g/dL, 54.8%; 9.21±1.53 (6.2-12.2) g/dL, 76.9%. The frequency of anemia were high in Diabeltes Mellitus Mellitus (DM) compared to Non-Diabeltes (Non-DM) at stage 3, 4, 5 [36.7 vs 12.0% (p=0.06); 70.6 vs 35.7% (p=0.000); 100 vs 64.7% (p=0.06)]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that DM as etiology (OR 2.53, p=0.033 compared with Non-DM), Albumin level (OR of 5.38 p=0.001 for 3.0-1.4 compared with 4.0-5.3 g/dL) were independent factor determing anemia state in addition to K/DOQI guideline stage. GFR, sex, DM, Albumin level were independent factors associated with hemoglobin levels (R^2=0.571, p<0.001). Conclusion : Anemia in CKD was developed relatively early and frequently at stage 3 (Cr, 1.69±0.36 mg/dL, 25.5%) and more aggravated as decreasing renal function (stage 4, 5; 54.8%, 76.9%). DM as underlying disease, hypoalbuminemia were, independently influenced Anemia development.

혈액투석 환자에서 발생한 폐렴의 임상적 특성에 관한 연구

김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ),송선화 ( Sun Wha Song ),윤선애 ( Sun Ae Yoon ),정병하 ( Byoung Ha Jung ),김길선 ( Gil Sun Kim ),김용수 ( Yong Soo Kim ),김영옥 ( Young Ok Kim ) 대한신장학회 2007 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.26 No.5

Purpose : The most common infectious diseases in hemodialysis (HD) patients are sepsis and pneumonia. Although there are many data about sepsis in HD patients, pneumonia in HD patients is rarely reported. This study was conducted to compare clinical severity of pneumonia between HD patients and healthy persons. Methods : This study enrolled 36 HD patients who were admitted for pneumonia. Age- and sex-matched 37 persons with pneumonia who did not have any other medical illness were included as a control. We compared clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiologic findings, complications, and clinical course between HD patients and controls. Results : The positive rates of blood and sputum bacterial culture in the HD patients were higher than in those in the controls (blood; 17.6% vs. 2.7%, p=0.028, sputum; 30.3% vs. 5.4%, p=0.005). Compared to the controls, the HD patients had higher incidence of thrombocytopenia (25.0% vs. 0%, p=0.001) and hypoxia (41.7% vs. 2.7%, p=0.000). The number of the lobes involved was larger and higher incidence of bilateral lesions and parapneumonic effusions were observed in the HD patients. In addition, the HD patients had higher incidence of recurrence than the controls (16.7% vs. 0%, p=0.025). Pneumonia-related mortality rate tended to be higher in the HD patients than the controls but there was no statistical differences between the two groups (11.1% vs. 0%, p=0.054). Conclusion : This study shows that pneumonia in HD patients takes a more severe clinical course than in healthy persons. It seems that pneumonia in HD patients has a higher propensity to develop bacteremia.

신장이식 후 발생한 방광암의 임상적 특징과 예후

김진영 ( Jin Young Kim ),송명준 ( Myong Jun Song ),정병하 ( Byung Ha Chung ),김민수 ( Min Soo Kim ),유혜영 ( Hyei Young You ),김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),양철우 ( Chul Woo Yang ),김용수 ( Yong Soo Kim ),문인성 ( In Sung Moon ),고용복 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회지 Vol.64 No.4

Background : With the rise in the number of renal transplantation procedures in the past years, the incidence of bladder cancer in transplant recipients has increased. This study undertaken to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcome in renal tra

말초 혈액 내 호산구증가증을 동반한 항 골수세포형과산화효소 항체 양성 초승달 사구체신염 1예

이자영 ( Ja Young Lee ),윤유선 ( Yu Seon Yun ),김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),김영옥 ( Young Ok Kim ),윤선애 ( Sun Ae Yoon ),양철우 ( Chul Woo Yang ),김용수 ( Yong Soo Kim ),김석영 ( Suk Young Kim ) 대한신장학회 2008 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.28 No.1

캐더의 이민에 대한 인식과 한국의 다문화 수용문제

김용수 ( Young Soo Kim ) 미국소설학회 2018 미국소설 Vol.25 No.3

Willa Cather has been well known as a representative writer of the Plains literature. She favorably pictures the European immigrants in such works as O Pioneers!, My Antonia and “Neighbour Rosicky” as exemplary settlers whose diligence, courage and endeavors work as fundamental qualities for their success in the new country. Her characters get over their adverse circumstances by preserving their own language, foods, and cultural traditions. But her contemporary old-stock Americans looked these immigrants, especially those from southern and eastern Europe, with suspicion and even hostility. Cather also describes Bohemians rather negatively for their tendency for instability, emotional fluctuation and violence, but their defects are covered with their positive traits and virtues or diluted by being juxtaposed with other vicious American settlers. Americans’s negative attitudes might be due to the influence of their biased belief in certain Puritan values and American spirit. Cather also fretted about the rude foreigners in the aftermath of the massive influx of immigrants in the 1930s. Similar to this situation, Korean society is now undergoing an abrupt flux of immigrants that raises social arguments on accepting immigrants and multiple cultures. Cather’s works and views would be good examples for Koreans to consider when they look back on the general attitude of Koreans to immigrants and their intrinsic cultures.

Hawthorne의 역사와 사회변화에 대한 인식 --그의 단편소설들을 중심으로--

김용수 ( Young Soo Kim ) 미국소설학회 2002 미국소설 Vol.9 No.1

『교수의 집』에 나타난 세인트 피터/캐더의 분리된 세상에서 살아가기

김용수 ( Young Soo Kim ) 한국근대영미소설학회 2018 근대 영미소설 Vol.25 No.3

Willa Cather’s The Professor’s House was written when she was in a deep depression after her popular success and favorable critical reception for One of Ours and A Lost Lady. She had been well known as a prairie writer till then. While she secured fame and money with her popular works, she felt exhausted both physically and psychologically by that time. When she returned from her trip to France, she felt the world was divided into two. America in the 1920s was under heavy influence of materialism due to economic boom and she lost her confidence in confronting such a world where old ideals lost their values. The Professor’s House reflects her own anxiety as an artist who should live out in this hostile world. St. Peter’s prize granted for his academic achievement is spent for a new house and immerses his wife into mammonism. Tom Outland’s patent fee spoils Rosamond and evokes greed and jealousy in the McGregors and the Cranes. Avoiding them, he secludes in the attic of the old house and attempts to recover his vitality through his memory of Tom and his childhood in Kansas. His final realization that he cannot recover his lost innocence leads to his resolution to live the remaining life without joy, which also shows Cather’s condition as a writer who should restart in the changed time.

윌라 캐서의 남성인물 분석: 네 장편 주인공들을 중심으로

김용수 ( Young Soo Kim ) 미국소설학회 2016 미국소설 Vol.23 No.3

Willa Cather is known to be an American feminist novelist whose major works are about female characters who challenge and overcome their surrounding hardships with their undaunted will and courage. But, ironically, her first novel was about a man who undergoes a mid-life crisis as he becomes skeptical about his professional success and wealth when he meets his first lover, which reflects Cather`s inner conflict when she resolved to start a new life as a full-time novelist. Dissatisfied with Alexander`s Bridge, she turned to female protagonists from the Midwest in her following novels, which led to her fame as a novelist of nostalgia missing the lost past values. But she returned to male protagonists in One of Ours, The Professor`s House and Death Comes for the Archbishop after 1922. The 1920s in America was the Jazz Age when economic boom nourished materialism and low hedonistic culture, which disillusioned Cather and made her turn to the past ideal values. The momentum of her turn to male protagonists was the death of her cousin Grosvenor in World War I, which shocked and gave her an idea on an innocent Midwest youth whose disenchantment with his crude milieu leads him to yearn for French high culture and willingly die for his ideals. Professor`s House presents a famed old scholar who loses his energy and will to live in a materialistic world after accomplishing his masterpiece and looks backward for the lost values. He is dejected to the point of isolating himself from his family and being tempted to commit suicide. On the other hand, Archbishop Latour and his assistant and friend Father Vaillant in Death Comes for the Archbishop are the calm spectators on life who finally succeed in overcoming mundane ambition for fame and achievement. They are distinguished from other priests who are avaricious and corrupted pursuing worldly values, and they rebuild the collapsed Christianity in the newly-won territory of Southwest based on their respect for aboriginal culture and belief and devoting themselves to the perpetual values they believe. Through these three novels, Cather presents us the male protagonists whose belief in the lost values and ideals lead to different results and makes us to ponder on her meditation on the lifelong pursuit for true values.

이동통신 시스템에서 계수 조정을 이용한 적응 동화기에 관한 연구

김용수(Young-Su Kim),김광준(Kwang-Jin Kim),김학춘(Hak-Chun Kim),박종선(Chong-Sun Park),나상동(Sang-Dong Ra),배철수(Chul-Soo Bai) 한국정보과학회 1995 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.1

최소-제곱 알고리즘은 이동 통신 시스템에서 적용 동화기의 신호 처리기를 위한 고속 수렴 알고리즘이다. Fast-Kalman, 적응 격자 알고리즘은 최소-제곡 비용함수를 사용하여 적응 동화기에서 빠르게 수렴하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 방법들에서 몇가지 새로운 데이타 순서에 대해서 샘플링된 신호 벡터의 대수학적 특성을 적절히 조정하여 알고리즘 통해 연구한다. 연속된 신호 벡터는 잡음이 없는 전송 채널에 대해 선형으로 독립적이며, 결과적으로 나타난 계수 벡터는 동화기 계수 벡터와 관련이 있다. 만일 계수의 숫자와 동일한 심볼에서 어떤 주기를 가진 임의의 순서가 사용되면, 순환적 균일화의 정상 상태가 얻어진다. 따라서 최소-제곱 알고리즘을 사용하여 계수를 조정하여 에러 제곱 합계를 최소화하고 계산량을 줄이며, 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션에 의하여 성능을 분석한다.

경두개 초음파를 이용한 혈액투석중 뇌혈류량의 변화측정

김용수(Yong Soo Kim),방병기(Byung Kee Bang),양철우(Chul Woo Yang),박정희(Jung Hee Park),박주현(Joo Hyun Park),이광수(Kwang Soo Lee),최영빈(Young Bin Choi),한시령(Si Ryung Han),김영인(Yeong In Kim) 대한신장학회 2000 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.19 No.3

N/A Hemodialysis is a safe and effective treatment for uremic patients but hemodynamic changes during he-modialysis is suggested to be the possible cause of encephalopathy. However, few studies have evaluated the cerebral circulation of and the effects of hemo-dialysis. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the cerebral blood flow by transcranial doppler. The study populations were 12 male patients who ranged in age from 28 to 58 years(mean:57) and were receiving maintenance hernodialysis for 3.8 years(0.5-11.5 years). Mean blood flow velocity(MFV), pulsatility index(PI) and resistance index(RI) were measured in carotid artery(CA), middle cerebral artery(MCA), anterior cerebral artery(ACA) and pos-terior cerebral artery(PCA) before, during and after hemodialysis. Simultaneously, we also checked vari- ables(body weight, blood pressure, arterial blood gases, hematocrits, and other biochemical parame-ters) which might affect cerebral blood flow. MFV during(70.5±20.3 vs. 60.0±211cm/sec) and after(vs. 60.6±13.7cm/sec, p<0.01) hemodialysis in CA showed significant reduction as compared to the that of before hemodialysis, but other vessels(MCA, ACA and PCA) showed no significant changes. There were no significant changes in PI and RI before, during and after hemodialysis. Body weight, PaCO₂, blood urea nitrogen and hematocrit changed significantly during and after hemodialysis as compared to those of before hemodialysis, but correlation between changes of MFV and these variables was not observed. Hemodialysis and its associated physiologic changes are not associated with cerebral blood flow, and this result suggests the well-preservation of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow during and after hemodialysis.