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김연지(Kim Youn-Ji) 효원사학회 2007 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.31
Local administration zone reorganization in 1914 can be summarized carrying out Bu -system(府制) and the merger and abolition of GunMyeon(郡面). Reorganization of the local administration zone is carried out on March 1 and April 1 in 1914 through a preparatory period of about one year from January in 1912. The Government General of Japan in Joseon carried out Bu-system(府制) as the necessity of equal administration to assimilate Japanese and Korean. Bu-system(府制) was separating the farm area that were under 12 Bu(府)before and founding new Bu(府). Just the remaining urban district namely new Bu(府) was the basic unit controled as pure urban district from the view point of local adminstration. In the course of establishing and carrying out Bu-system(府制), Busan-bu(釜山府) and Masan-bu(馬山府) were selected as enforced areas of Bu-system(府制) in Gyeongsangnam -do(慶尙南道). With carrying out Bu-system(府制) in 1914, Gyeongsangnam-do(慶尙南道) changed 2Bu(府) 17Gun(郡) 454Myeon(面) into 2Bu(府) 19Gun(郡) 264Myeon(面) attempting the change of the administration zone. Abolition and amalgamation of BuGun(府郡) was carried out to geographical features, square measure and the number of houses etc. Myeon(面) was enforced according to the number of houses, the amount of land tax. Because of one-sided abolition and amalgamation, the people of GunMyeon(郡面) resisted. However after all it was carried out as The Government General of Japan in Joseon thought. It was for protection of Japanese living in Joseon. Abolition and amalgamation of GunMyeonbrought(郡面統合法) the change of Japanese local reign that was reorganizing reign system from DongLi(洞里) centered system that is the rural community system to Myeon(面) centered system overall. Its purpose was to try to reshuffle the zone to MyeonDongLi(面洞里) and break rural community home rule. Then Japan made Joseon be subordinated Japanese reign constitution that was centralized authoritarian. This was reorganizing the system with thinking reign first. Finally Japan disjointed the order of the rural community from old times and reorganized reign construction in the direction of excluding independent union thoroughly. The center control of the Government General of Japan in Joseon affected by the lowest unit directly. This change that the merger and abolition of local administration district brought was that abolition and amalgamation of DongLi(洞里) that was consist of villages at local administration district in 1914 and making Myeon(面) the terminal organization as former work for carrying out Myeon-system(面制) in 1917 was reorganizing Joseon’s existing order.
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Frank O .Gehry 의 Bilbao Guggenheim Museum 특성에 관한 연구
김연지 圓光大學校大學院 2000 論文集 Vol.24 No.-
제2세대 건축가중 20세기 후반에 주역이라 할 수 있는 Frank O. Gehry는 최근 Bilbao Guggenheim Museum으로 인하여 2-세기말 세계적 Landma가가 될 작품을 남겼다. 그의 작업은 조각가의 감성으로 건축과 타 장으로의 예술과의 경계를 넘어서 예술적 감성과 성과에 감동하고 반응하였다. 그런점에서 다른 건축가와 구분되며, 그를 진정한 Pst-Moderist로 보기도 한다. Gehry의 순수성은 70녀대 초 이성이 없는 풍부한 건축이지만 합리성을 추구하는 가운에 유행하는 경향의 건축이었으나 Pop-art적 성향과 Frank O. Gehry & Associates, Inc가 James M. Glymph. AIA와 Randolph A. Jefferson. AIA와 일하며서 CATIA을 이용한 새로운 공간의 창출, 자연광의 고입, 새로운 재료의 사용등 새로운 해석으로 자신의 건축관을 창출해낸다.그 예가 바로 Spain에 위치한 Bilbao Guggenheim Museum(1991∼1997)에 그의 작품성향이 잘 녹아스며 CATIA를 이용한 전체계획, 시민을 위한 배치계획, Atrium 중심의 평면계획, Titanium의 외장계획등 다양한 양상을 보이게 된다. Bilbao Guggenheim Museum은 건물자체의 독창성에 만족하는 것이 아니라 Spain Bilbao 도시에 생명력을 불어넣는 구심적 역할을 하는 중요한 위상을 갖게된다. Frank O. Gehry who is the leading Architect among the third Architects leaved Bilbao Guggenheim Museum will be landmark from all part of the world at late twenty century. His work is much impressed and reacted by artistic sensibility and result over between architecture and art of category by sensibility as sculptor. He is divided into the other architects. He is sincere Post-modernist.Gehry's purity is melted into his works without reason at the early 1970, and he pursuit rationality. But new tendency in Pop-art and during Frank O. Gehry & Associate work with Sames M. Glymph and Randolph A. Jefferson he becomes a man of strong conviction for architecture by new interpretation about creating new space using CATIA, inflow of instinctive sunbeams, using of new materials, etc. For example it is located in Spain. It is named "Bilbao Guggenheim Museum(1991∼1997)" We show dynamic aspect which atrium, surface design titanium. Bilbao Guggenheim Museum is not only satisfied with its own originality but it imform with new life in Bilbao city. Finally it play an important part.
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