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읍취헌 박은의 「영후정자(營後亭子)」 시제(詩題)와 관련된 영보정 창건내력 검토
김명래 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2020 한국학 Vol.43 No.3
Yeongbogjeong is a pavilion located in Chungcheong Sooyeong Castle, Soseong‒ri, Ocheon‒myeon, Boryeong‒si, and Eubchwiheon Park Eun‒eun, the most respected poet of the Joseon Dynasty, wrote 5 poems in the “Yeonghujeongja” in 1503. As an Eubchwiheon’s representative work, the poem was honored as a role model of the poem in Yeongbojeong for the next four hundred years, with this poem’s popularity, Yeongbojeong became to join the ranks of nationwide famous pavilions while Chungcheong Sooyeong became the most popular destination in the world. As the poems of Yeongbojeong and “YeonghuJeongja” are inseparable like this, they are subjects of attention from that time to the present, but it was not discussed why the title of the poem was so decided. So, in this study, it is to be revealed that the reason why Park Eun was unable to proudly present the pavilion and he had to put on a falsehood, not a real one even though “Yeonghujeonja” was a poem about a pavilion, and the political factors at the time. In Joseon Dynasty society, the destruction of a family in a massacre of scholars or a serious crime of political strife and the brutal execution to death made people shudder at the bare thought of it by maximizing their fear, and it seemed that the case of Sahwa (damage caused by historical records) made the writers hold their brush when writing after carefully considering and thinking over and over. The answer to why he titled the poem “Yeonghujeongja” came from a paper on the establishment of Yeongbojeong by Kim Myung‒rae (2019) that ‘Yeongbojeong was not first built by Lee Ryang in 1504, but it was established by Kang Soon in 1468.’ When Park Eun wrote “Yeonghujeongja”, he knew that Yeongbojeongja was built by Kang Soon 36 years ago. The writers who later wrote poems about Yeongbojeon after Park Eun also knew this, but they didn’t mention anything, probably because it was the unwritten rule of the time. Kang Soon was a high‒treason criminal who was executed because he was related to Namyee’s conspiracy, then how they could write Yeongbojeong, which he established, as the title of a poem. So far, writers have doubts as to why the title of the poem “Yeonghujeongja” should be, but have not identified its cause‒and‒effect relationship and traced its reasons in studies related to Park Eun’s poems or Yeongbojeong. Therefore, it is considered that revealing inside story is an achievement of this study. 영보정(永保亭)은 보령시 오천면 소성리 충청수영성에 소재하는 정자이며, 읍취헌 박은(揖翠軒 朴誾)은 조선최고 시인으로 추앙받는 인물로써 1503년에 「영후정자(營後亭子)」 5수를 이 영보정에서 지었다. 이 시는 읍취헌의 대표작으로써 이후 사백년 동안 영보정 제영시의 전범으로 존숭되었으며, 이 시의 유명세에 따라 영보정은 전국적인 명정자의 반열에 오르게 되고 충청수영은 천하의 명승지로 각광을 받게 되었다. 이렇게 영보정과 「영후정자」 시는 불가분의 관계로써 당시대부터 현재에 이르기까지 주목대상이지만 그 시제(詩題)가 왜 그렇게 작정(酌定)되었는지 그 원인에 대해서는 논의되지 아니하였다. 이에 따라 박은은 어찌하여 「영후정자」 시가 어떤 정자의 제영시(題詠詩)임에도 그 정자를 당당하게 내세우지 못하고, 실체가 아닌 허상(虛像)을 내세워야 했는지에 대한 이유와 당시에 정치적 요인에 대하여 밝혀보고자 한다. 조선 시대 사회에서 사화(士禍)나 정쟁의 옥사(獄事)에서의 멸문(滅門)과 참혹한 극형 집행은 사람들에게 공포감을 극대화시켜 주어 생각만 해도 치를 떨게 하였고, 사화(史禍)의 사례는 문인들에게 있어 글을 쓸 때에는 신중하게 앞뒤로 재보고 또 생각해 본 후에 붓을 잡도록 생활화되어 있었다고 본다. 왜 「영후정자(營後亭子)」라고 시제를 붙였을까 라는 과제는 ‘영보정은 1504년 이량(李良)이 처음 지은 것이 아니라, 1468년 강순(康純)이 창건했다’는 김명래(2019)의 영보정 강순 창건에 관한 주장으로부터 나온 것이다. 박은은 「영후정자」를 지을 때 영보정이 36년 전에 강순이 창건했던 사실을 이미 알고 있었을 것이다. 박은 이후에 영보정 제영시를 지은 문인들도 이 사실은 알고 있었지만, 일언반구도 언급하지 않았던 것은 그 시대의 불문율이었기 때문일 것이다. 강순은 남이(南怡)의 옥사에 연류 되어 사형당한 대역 죄인인데, 그가 창건한 영보정을 시의 제목으로 어떻게 쓸 수 있겠는가. 지금까지 문인들은 박은의 시에 관련된 연구나 영보정에 관련된 연구에서, 「영후정자」라는 시제가 왜 그래야 했는지에 대한 의구심이 들었겠지만, 그 인과 관계를 파악하고 그 원인을 추적하지는 아니하였다.
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김명래 한국건축역사학회 2018 건축역사연구 Vol.27 No.2
The study on the government office building in Chungcheong Suyeong(忠淸水營) is very rare. How were the Gaeksa(客舍) and Dongheon(東軒) which are representative government office buildings in Suyeong, maintained and what was the aspect of it, while passing through the upheaval period of the end of Joseon(朝鮮)? And where was the original place and was there any change in use? It is so regrettable that these subjects were not figured out yet. So I thought it is very important task to figure out its actual aspect by investigating the maintain state of the Gaeksa and Dongheon and the change of their places. So this study examined the related historical records and, based on it, analyzed 「Ocheon GoonJi(鰲川郡誌)」in various view points. Through this analysis, this study could figured out the maintain aspect of the gaeksa and dongheon and the change of their places, and be able to deduce the other change of the government office building. This study could assume the places of each government office buildings by comparing this investigated result and the analyzed result of the original cadastral map in various view points. As the result of the study done by this method, this study confirmed the maintain state of the Gaeksa and Dongheon in Chungcheong Suyeong while passing through the upheaval period of the end of Joseon. And this study figured out the places of the Gaeksa and Dongheon, and be able to confirm their places by the lot number on the original cadastral map. Along with this, this study could estimate Jo(趙) family's confliction with the residents at that time by verifying the lot numbers of the Sapaeji(賜牌地) which this family received from the government. And among the names of the government office buildings, for the Jangkyocheong(將校廳) which is in dispute because of the name, this study figured out that the author of 「Ocheon GoonJi」made a mistake in writing Dongheon.
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