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WTO평가협정과 관세법 비교분석을 통한 권리사용료 과세방안 연구
이명구(Myeong-Ku Lee),최장우(Jang-Woo Choi),한일권(Il-Kwon Han) 한국무역연구원 2018 무역연구 Vol.14 No.1
The customs value of imported goods are a transaction value based on the WTO Customs Valuation agreement. There are adjustment factors in assessing the transaction value. Among them are license fees and royalties. The fees itself is deemed to be dutiable, if two factors are met. One is that the fees should be related to the imported goods and the other is that the payment of fees should be a condition of sale. During the Post-Clearance Audit, customs authorities impose the customs duties on imported goods by assessing the two factors and deciding whether or not the fees are dutiable. However, after a litigation of the issues, we have seen that there is one more factor needed: the buyer himself should pay the fees. This comes from the interpretation of the regulation in the Korea Customs Act, There are descriptive discrepancies between the WTO agreement and the Korea Customs Act. There might be an error of the localization of the WTO agreement. We have reviewed the principle of the fees and the rule of other major countries, such as USA, EU, etc. It would be a great opportunity for our Korea Customs Act to be modernized to a global standard.
친환경차 공조 부품 장착 브라켓의 구조 및 진동해석 연구
조한일(Han Il Cho),이순종(Soon Jong Lee),김진우(Jin Woo Kim),김재완(Jae wan Kim),박만희(Man Hee Park),이현구(Hyun Ku Lee) 대한기계학회 2024 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2024 No.4
Recent concerns over environmental issues such as global warming and air pollution caused by exhaust gases have spurred extensive research in the automotive industry towards the development of eco-friendly vehicles. Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as leading contenders in this regard, driving active research efforts. As a result, there is a growing emphasis on product lightweighting and ensuring structural stability. To achieve these objectives, studies are being conducted to analyze the Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH) characteristics originating from Air-Conditioning system. This involves designing optimal shapes and enhancing NVH performance through the application of rubber bushings. These endeavors aim to improve the lightweighting and structural stability of assembly models in eco-friendly vehicles.