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The Effects of Network on Exports of Petroleum Refinery Goods in Korea
구영완,이성훈,선해상 한국경제연구학회 2016 Korea and the World Economy Vol.17 No.3
This paper uses the 1980-2003 data to estimate the effects of the network structure on the exports of Korean petroleum refineries. This paper reports three gravity and H-O models with or without a network of petroleum refineries to demonstrate the effects of the network structure on the export of petroleum refineries. The network structure of the petroleum refinery increases the importance of the H-O model, but the effects of the network structure decrease over time. This means that when the network structure of most energy products is more concentrated (higher level) than all other manufacturing products, the different endowment ratios play a more important role in exporting most energy products than other manufacturing products in South Korea.
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구영완,이성훈 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2014 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.29 No.2
East Asian military security is of overarching importance in the economic integration and prosperity in this region. This study analyzes how South Korea and Japan consider the U.S. as a military ally in the context of the China–North Korea alliance by using the iterative Seemingly Unrelated Regression(SUR) method in estimating defense goods demand functions. The findings are that Japan considered the U.S. to be a closer ally than the U.S. did during 2000~2005 and South Korea may regard the U.S. as a closer ally than vice versa. The U.S. regards Japan as a closer ally than Korea. South Korea’s demand for defense goods has not been increased by the threat from the China–North Korea alliance but American and Japanese demand has recently been increased by the threat, implying that South Korea has not regarded the China–North Korea alliance as a significant threat whereas that Japan and the U.S. have recognized the military allianceas a serious one.
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International R&D Spillover and Inequality
구영완,김승년,이성훈 한국경제학회 2005 The Korean Economic Review Vol.21 No.1
This paper examines the role of knowledge spillover across countries as well as skilled labor supply and openness in determining wage inequality. A basic general equilibrium model of long run relations linking endogenous growth and wage inequality is analyzed. Our empirical work for the determinants of inequality is based on a panel data for 5-year time periods for 20 developed countries over the 1970-1990 period. The estimations are carried out with non-linear models as well as linear models. The inequality phenomena in the developed countries can be well explained by knowledge spillover across countries.
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THE EFFECTS OF THE TRANSPORTATION COSTS IN R&D TECHNOLOGY SECTOR ON THE ENDOGENOUS GRWOTH
구영완 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2011 Journal of Economic Development Vol.36 No.1
The paper centers on investigating theoretically how the transportation costs of R&D technology, none of the transportation costs in final goods and intermediate inputs, affect the long-run endogenous economic growth. The basic ideas adopted in this paper are different from well-known models in the sense that the prices of R&D technology are influenced by the transportation cost in R&D technology sector and the accumulated profit of the intermediate inputs over time is equal to the price of R&D technology, and thus the transportation costs indirectly influence the endogenous growth. That is, the larger are only the transportation costs of R&D technology, the higher is the price of R&D technology and the slower is endogenous economic growth.
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Endogenous Growth and south-North Trade
구영완,이성훈 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2002 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.17 No.3
In this article, we develop an endogenous growth model to analyze the impact of knowledge spillovers, the disparity in initial endowments and production technologies on economic growth of two trading regions. We found that the growth rates of technology development of the two regions become uneven unless they have an identical initial steady-state labor allocation between technology development and intermediate inputs. Trade in intermediate goods and knowledge spillovers improve welfare in both regions.
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구영완 고려대학교 북한학연구소 2000 北韓學硏究 Vol.1 No.-
The game theory initiated in 1954 by Morgernstern an economist from the United States, and Neumann, a mathematician has been used in studying economics, business administration, and social institutions. The game theory deals with the profit-maximization along with the cost-minimization under a given condition has been applied to stuffing the problem of Korean unification in an effort to find the most rational unification formula. Two game strategies were applied to the Korean unification to see how unification issues may be resolved. First, a simultaneous game strategy was applied. Because both South and North Korea choose their unification strategy simultaneously, it is difficult to expect what the other side would choose in response to what one side has taken (See Picture 1). Picture 1 shows numerical results of the choices in response to each other's choice. For instance, if South and North Korea choose the war, each one would get 1 as their rewards, while each would get 3 if they choose peace. If one takes war, while the other peace, then the one that has chosen war will get 5. But this case reveals that both face unpredictable and dangerous situation, for each could get either 5 or 0. Second, we have a sequential game. It is a game based on the open situation where participants have complete knowledge about what the other would choose. At the same time, the game can be applied to the complete closed situation where participants have no information about what the other side would do. The results are shown in Picture 2. Picture 2 reveals that when South chooses the peace, and if North responds with war, then the results would be 0 for South and 5 for North. The rewards are the same under the closed information system (neither North or South was informed about the other's strategy). In conclusion, because of the extremely low level of trust between North and South Korea, both sides can neither take the peaceful unification formula (the highest degree of rewards f9r both) nor give up the idea of unification by war (the worst case). Therefore, the build-up of the inter-Korean trust is very important for the unification of the Korean peninsula in the future. The alternative which will gain approximately the same rewards as the peaceful unification, seems to be the unification by absorption.
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Urban Residential Demand for Electricity in China by Income and Temperature Levels
구영완,김승연,ZHANG CHAN 재단법인 에너지경제연구원 2019 에너지경제연구 Vol.18 No.2
This paper estimates urban residential electricity demand in China with six regional groups based on different income and temperature. The empirical results are as follows: First, electricity consumption decreases with higher electricity price. The price elasticity is the greatest in the low income and mild temperature regions. Second, electricity consumption increases with higher income. The income elasticities in the high income and cold regions are greater than other regions. Third, the government policy for controlling electricity consumption needs to consider decreasing price elasticity as income grows.
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