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Brucella 면역혈청이 균생존과 호흡에 미치는 영향
안태휴 대한미생물학회 1970 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.5 No.1
The survival rate of Brucella in the immune and normal serum was compared with the respiration rate of cells in the presence of the serum. The Brucella were suspended in the serum of original concentration and incubated at 37 C for 3 hr. Then, the cells that survived were counted by the routine pour plate method. As to the measurement of bacterial oxygen uptake the standard manometrie techniques were applied. Contrasting results were observed between the serum bactericidal activity and the respiration of Brucella. The bactericidal index of Brucella immune serum was 1.4 to 1.6 while 2. 7 at normal serum, the difference being more than one log10 unit, whereas the oxygen uptake rate of Brucella in their homologous immune serum was less than a half of the rate in no seurn. Immune bodies exerted the inhibitory effect to-gether with complement on the oxidative metabolism of Brucella Addition of various substrates such as D-alanine, L-glutamic acid, and glucose, into the Warburg flask did not bring about any noticeable change in the effect of immune and normal serum on the bacterial metabolism.
Salicylates가 대장균에서 Quinolones계 항균제에 대한 내성획득에 미치는 영향
류필열,양영철,안태휴 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.5
목 적 : Ampicillin, cephalosporin, chloramphenicol 및 tetracycline 등에 대한 대장균의 내성을 증가시킨다고 알려진 sodium salicylate (Sal)과 acetylsalicylate (aspirin, 또는 AcSal)이 nalidixic acid(NA), oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin(CPFX), norfloxacin, pefloxacin 등 6 종류의 quinolone계 항균제에 대한 대장균의 감수성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 조사 하였다. 방 법 : efficiency of plating(EOP)와 액체배지 희석법에 의한 최소발육억제농도(MIC), 최소살균농도(MBC)를 구하여 내성의 증가를 확인하고, 이의 기전을 조사하기 위해 내포내로의 NA 및 CPFX의 투과성의 변화와 막단백의 변화를 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 각종 quinolone계 약제에 대한 Sal은 1.25-20 mM, AcSal은 2.5-20 mM에서 대장균의 내성을 가장 많이 증가시켰다. 이를 EOP로 계산하였을 때 5mM Sal과 2.5 mM AcSal이 첨가된 배지에서 각 항균제에 대해 EOP가 10-1,000 배 정도 증가하였다. 또한 Sal 및 AcSal이 함유된 배지로 각 항균제의 MIC 및 MBC를 조사하였던 바 salicylates가 함유되지 않은 배지의 경우보다 보통 2-8배 정도의 증가를 보였다. 5 mM Sal이 함유된 배지에서 배양된 세균을 NA 및 CPFX로 처치하였을 때 세균 내로의 약제 투과성은 약 1/2 정도로 감소하였다. 5 mM Sal이 함유된 배지에서 배양한 세균의 막단백을 분리하여 전기영동시 분자량이 약 36 Kdal의 OmpF가 현저히 감소되어 있었다. 결 론 : 이상의 성적을 요약하면 salicylates가 대장균의 외막단백질 성분 중 beta-lactam계 항생제와 quinolone계 항균제를 세균내로 통과시켜 주는 OmpF라는 porin의 생산을 감소시켜 quinolone계 항균제의 투과성이 감소됨으로써 이들 약제에 대한 공시균의 내성이 증가하는 것으로 사료된다. Background : It has been known that sodium salicylate (Sal) and acetylsalicylate (AcSal or aspirin) increase the phenotypic resistance of Escherichia coli against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporin, and tetracycline. In this study we determined the resistance-increasing effect and possible mechanism of salicylates on quinolones; nalidixic acid (NA), oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), norfloxacin, and pefloxacin. Methods : In vitro susceptibility test of E. coli to quinonoles was measured by efficiency of plating (EOP) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) by broth dilution method. To determine whether these effects are caused by a decreased uptake of the antibiotics, the permeation of CPFX or NA through the outer membrane and the change of outer membrane protein production in E. coli were measured. Results : Sal and AcSal enhanced the resistance of E. coli against quinolones most efficiently at the concentration of 1.25 to 20 mM and 2.5 to 5 mM, respectively. The EOP was increased 10-1000 times on Mueller-Hinton agar containing 5 mM, of Sal or 2.5 mM of AcSal. Compared with in salicylate-free medium, 2 to 8 fold increase in MIC and MBC were observed in salicylates containing medium. When E. coli was cultured in media containing 5 mM of Sal, the permeability of NA and CPFX into E. coli was reduced to about one half. OmpF(36 Kdal protein) of the outer membrane protein of E. coli cultured in 5 mM Sal-containing medium was markedly reduced when observed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusion : These data suggest that salicylates reduced the production of OmpF, outer membrane protein of E. coli, thereby decreased the membrane permeability, leading to the increase of resistance to quinolones.