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Aish Muhammad,Cho Gyoungrae,Iqbal Hussain,Kazim Ali,Muhammad Zeeshan,Saima Noor,Hina Hafeez,Shahid Hameed,Shahid Hameed,Cha Jaebeom,Waqas Ahmed Dogar 한국국제농업개발학회 2022 한국국제농업개발학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.09
Potato is an important cash crop of Pakistan and widely cultivated in plains and mountains of Punjab. Khyber Pakhtun Khawa Gilgit Baltistan, on an area of 0.313 million hectares in summer, autumn and spring with an annual production of 07.9 million tons. In Pakistan potato yield is 25.2 tons per hectare, which is although above the world average but comparatively low as compare to the potential and other advance potato growing countries because of several reasons. Availability of healthy seeds and advance production technology are the major constraints to achieve the higher potato production goals. It is very alarming that in spite of good position in potato growing countries, we are unable to produce good quality seed. In Pakistan >01% quality seed is available against the seed demand around 0.5-0.7 million tons per annum and mostly depend upon the imported seed 15000-20000 tons per annum. Tissue culture industry has been a proven global technology in potato seed production, so it is dire need of the growing population and climatic change to adopt these modern technologies of potato production for sustainable and higher production and income to contribute potato growing farmers of Pakistan. It is possible with the commercial use of tissue culture and allied techniques as aeroponic potato seed production along with good management and plant protection measures to provide indigenous high vigor and high yield potential potato seed. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council has established Aeroponic Potato Seed Production facility at National Agricultural Research Center with the collaboration of Korean Govt RDA-KOPIA Pakistan. The Aeroponics is a modern technology for growing plants by providing a nutrient solution in the air without soil. Plants grow rapidly in the growth chamber under the aseptic environment, balanced nutrition and sufficient oxygen availability that improves potatoes production in the aeroponic system. This can produce 10 times more yield than conventional production systems. Aeroponics techniques are credited for making potato yield more efficient, and can reduce the number of steps in the potato seed multiplication. Through tissue culture and aeroponics facilities development in Pakistan, first ever more than 200,000 nucleus mini harvested at NARC from the autumn 2021 and spring 2022 planation at KOPIA screen houses. Further seed multiplication from the harvest is under progress at up hills and more than 500,000 tubers (G1) are expected to be harvested during October-November 2022. It is very encouraging, impressive and successful venture of KOPIA at Pakistan for the potato seed production and self-sufficiency to insure food security in the country.
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( Naveed Aslam ),( Muhammad Abdullah ),( Muhammad Fiaz ),( Jalees Ahmad Bhatti ),( Zeeshan Muhammad Iqbal ),( Nasrullah Bangulzai ),( Chang Weon Choi ),( Ik Hwan Jo ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2014 한국축산학회지 Vol.56 No.13
The production performance of multiparous lactating Sahiwal cows (n = 24) was evaluated according to both milking frequency and method. Selected animals were randomly divided into four groups containing six animals each under a completely randomized design. Cows in groups A & B were milked by the hand milking method three times per day, respectively. Similarly, cows in groups C & D were milked by the machine milking method two and three times per day, respectively. All animals were maintained under uniform feeding and management conditions. Dry matter intake was high in animal groups milked three times per day, and it remained unchanged between the hand and machine milking methods. Milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) in cows milked three times compared to those milked twice per day, and it did not differ between hand and machine milking methods. Milk fat percentage was higher (P < 0.05) in cows milked twice per day compared to those milked three times using both machine and hand milking methods. The percentage of total solids showed a similar pattern as the fat percentage. However, percentages of protein, lactose, and non-fat solids in milk were not significantly different(P > 0.05) among the treatment groups. Collectively, the results show that milking three times per day instead of twice at 8-hour intervals can enhance milk yield in Sahiwal cows using both hand and machine milking methods.
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영문지(JAST)게재논문 : Sahiwal 젖소의 최적 유생산을 위한 착유방법 측정 연구
( Naveed Aslam ),( Muhammad Abdullah ),( Muhammad Fiaz ),( Jalees Ahmad Bhatti ),( Zeeshan Muhammad Iqbal ),( Nasrullah Bangulzai ),최창원 ( Chang Weon Choi ),조익환 ( Ik Hwan Jo ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2014 축산기술과 산업 Vol.5 No.2
24두의 Sahiwal 젖소를 대상으로 착유횟수와 방법에 의한 생산량 변화를 측정하였다. 선발된 시험축은 완전임의배치법으로 6두씩 4그룹으로 공시되었다. A와 B 그룹의 젖소들은 손 착유법으로 착유하되 각각 일일 2회 및 3회 착유하였고 C와 D그룹의 젖소들은 기계 착유법으로 착유하되, 각각 일일 2회 및 3회 착유 하였다. 전 두수는 동일한 사료와 사양관리 하에서 유지되었다. 건물 섭취량은 일일 3회 착유하는 그룹에서 높게 나타났고 이것은 손 착유법과 기계 착유법 간에도 차이를 보이지 않았다. 일일 2회 착유와 비교해서 일일 3회 착유 시 유량이 높았고(P<0.05), 손 착유법와 기계 착유법 간의 차이는 없었다. 손 착유법과 기계 착유법을 이용한 그룹 모두에서 유지방 비율은 일일 3회 착유보다 2회 착유 시 높게 나타났고(P<0.05), 총고형물 비율 역시 유지방 비율과 비슷한 패턴을 보였다. 하지만, 단백질, 유당, 무지고형물 비율들은 시험구간 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 결론적으로 본 연구결과는 Sahiwal 젖소에 있어서 8시간 간격으로 2회 착유하는 것보다 3회 착유하는 것이 손 착유법이나 기계 착유법 모두에서 유량을 극대화할 수 있는 방법임을 보여주고 있다.
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Evaluation of different milking practices for optimum production performance in Sahiwal cows
Aslam, Naveed,Abdullah, Muhammad,Fiaz, Muhammad,Bhatti, Jalees Ahmad,Iqbal, Zeeshan Muhammad,Bangulzai, Nasrullah,Choi, Chang Weon,Jo, Ik Hwan Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology 2014 한국축산학회지 Vol.56 No.4
The production performance of multiparous lactating Sahiwal cows (n = 24) was evaluated according to both milking frequency and method. Selected animals were randomly divided into four groups containing six animals each under a completely randomized design. Cows in groups A & B were milked by the hand milking method three times per day, respectively. Similarly, cows in groups C & D were milked by the machine milking method two and three times per day, respectively. All animals were maintained under uniform feeding and management conditions. Dry matter intake was high in animal groups milked three times per day, and it remained unchanged between the hand and machine milking methods. Milk yield was higher (P < 0.05) in cows milked three times compared to those milked twice per day, and it did not differ between hand and machine milking methods. Milk fat percentage was higher (P < 0.05) in cows milked twice per day compared to those milked three times using both machine and hand milking methods. The percentage of total solids showed a similar pattern as the fat percentage. However, percentages of protein, lactose, and non-fat solids in milk were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among the treatment groups. Collectively, the results show that milking three times per day instead of twice at 8-hour intervals can enhance milk yield in Sahiwal cows using both hand and machine milking methods.
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