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Kim, Wansun,Choi, Joonhyeong,Kim, Jae-Han,Kim, Taesu,Lee, Changyeon,Lee, Seungjin,Kim, Mingoo,Kim, Bumjoon J.,Kim, Taek-Soo American Chemical Society 2018 Chemistry of materials Vol.30 No.6
<P>High fracture resistance of polymer solar cells (PSCs) is of great importance to ensure long-term mechanical reliability, especially considering their potential in roll-to-roll printing processes and flexible devices. In this paper, we compare mechanical properties, such as the cohesive fracture energy, elastic modulus, and crack-onset strain, of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) and fullerene-based solar cells (PCBM-PSCs) based on the same, representative low-bandgap polymer donor (PTB7-Th) as a function of acceptor content. The all-PSCs exhibit higher fracture energy (2.45 J m<SUP>-2</SUP>) than PCBM-PSCs (0.29 J m<SUP>-2</SUP>) at optimized device conditions. Additionally, a 15-fold higher crack-onset strain is observed in all-PSCs than in PCBM-PSCs. Dramatically different mechanical compliances observed for all-PSCs and PCBM-PSCs are investigated in detail by analysis of the blend morphologies as a function of acceptor content (either P(NDI2HD-T) or PCBM acceptors). The superior fracture resistance of all-PSCs is attributed to the more ductile characteristics of the polymer acceptor and the large degree of plastic deformation during crack growth, in contrast to the brittle nature of PCBM and the weak interaction between the polymer-rich phase and highly aggregated PCBM-rich domains. Therefore, this work demonstrates that replacing a small-molecule acceptor (i.e., PCBM) with polymeric materials can be an effective strategy toward mechanically robust PSCs.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kim, Seungjin,Bae, Wookeun,Kim, Moonil,Kim, Jong-Oh,Chung, Jinwook Taylor Francis ; Publications Division, Selper Ltd 2015 Environmental Technology Vol.36 No.8
<P>A two-stage biological aerated/anoxic filter (BAF) system for denitrification-nitrification was developed to increase nitrogen removal in the treatment of municipal wastewater with low carbon:nitrogen (C/N) ratio [Formula: see text]. This system exhibited a high denitrification efficiency (67%), despite the low C/N ratio, and the ratio of reduced nitrate to consumed organic compounds was greater than the theoretical value due to the minimization of the conversion of organic carbon to biomass growth, the maintenance of low levels of dissolved oxygen in recycled water, and the maximization of use of organic carbon biosorbed inside biomass in the denitrification BAF. The maximum rate of nitrogen removal was achieved at a recycle ratio of 170%, and the headloss in two BAFs was maintained after a 24-h backwash. Biological nitrogen removal in a two-stage BAF system was possible in a short hydraulic retention time (1.2???h) because the maximum reaction rates of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in each column were achieved.</P>
Clinical Characteristics of Nocardiosis: a Multicenter Retrospective Study in Korea
Kim Seulki,Shi Hye Jin,Jeon Cheon-Hoo,Kim Sun Bean,Yi Jongyoun,Kim A Reum,Kim Kye-Hyung,Lim Seungjin 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.4
Background: Nocardiosis is a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition. It is difficult to diagnose, and bacterial culture identification can be time consuming. We investigated the characteristics of nocardiosis and the suitability of the treatment approach in Korea. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at 5 medical institutions between 2011 and 2021. We reviewed the medical records of patients with microbiologically confirmed nocardiosis. Appropriate antibiotic selection was defined as follows: (1) selecting antibiotics according to the species, (2) if the species of Nocardia was unknown, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-based therapy or linezolid-based therapy was administered, and (3) selection of antibiotics using the antibiotic susceptibility test. The appropriate treatment periods for antibiotics were defined as treatment maintained from 3 to 12 months, depending on involvement of the organs. Descriptive analysis and Fisher exact test were used. Statistical significance was set at P-values of <0.05. Results: Thirty patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 18 (60.0%) were male. The median age was 70.5 years. Among the diagnosed patients, 12 (40.0%) had an immunocompromised status. Eight (30.0%) patients received optimal treatment for the appropriate treatment period. Appropriate dosing duration was observed in 3 of the 12(25.0%) immunocompromised patients. There was no significant difference between the presence or absence of immunosuppression and the adequacy of treatment for nocardiosis (P = 1.000). Skin and soft tissue (14 patients) were most frequently involved in this study. Nocardia species (spp.) were isolated from culture at a median of 6.0 days. There were 7 cases with N. farcinica (23.3%). Conclusion: We found that 60.0% of the patients with nocardiosis did not have an immunocompromised status. Further, 26.7% of the total patients received adequate treatment for nocardiosis. The reasons for suboptimal management of nocardiosis in Korea are presumed to be diagnostic difficulties, lack of awareness about nocardiosis, and difficulties in selecting antibiotics for Nocardia spp. among clinicians. The lack of antibiotic susceptibility tests for Nocardia spp. could be the source of these problems. Nocardiosis should be suspected in cases of recurrent infections with skin and soft tissue, musculoskeletal, or respiratory system involvement with or without an immunocompromised status. Clinical microbiological support is required for the diagnosis and selection of antibiotics in Korea. High clinical index of suspicion and clinical microbiological support are required for the accurate diagnosis of nocardiosis in Korea.
새로운 한국 측면충돌 신차안전도 평가방법 변경에 따른 차체 거동에 관한 연구
김승진(Seungjin Kim),양희종(Heejong Yang),김인규(Inkyoo Kim),김용석(Yongsuk Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2014 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2014 No.11
Recently occupant protection is becomes important of each country, the New Car Assessment Program tests are to be strengthened. Korea NCAP and Euro NCAP crash test of the enhanced regulation will apply in 2015. The weight of AEMDB is 350kg heavier and 200mm wider than the Progressive MDB. This paper is purposed to analyze dynamic body deformation comparison between Korea NCAP side crash test with progressive MDB and AE-MDB. Through this analyze try to find out the relationship between the vehicle deformation and Occupant Injury
Incidence and 30-day mortality of peptic ulcer bleeding in Korea
Bae, SeungJin,Kim, Nayoung,Kang, Jung Mook,Kim, Dong-Sook,Kim, Kyoung-Min,Cho, Yu Kyung,Kim, Jie-Hyun,Jung, Sung Woo,Shim, Ki-Nam Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2012 European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology Vol.24 No.6
OBJECTIVES: To estimate the rates of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) incidence and the association of demographic factors with 30-day mortality after PUB. METHODS: Diagnostic algorithms for PUB were derived and validated on the basis of 115 true PUB patients at one tertiary hospital in 2005, followed by estimation of age-specific PUB incidence and 30-day mortality rates, using the Korean National Health Insurance claim database. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the impact of demographic factors on the 30-day mortality rate ratio (MRR) after PUB. RESULTS: The diagnostic algorithm showed 89 and 88% positive predictive value and sensitivity, respectively. On the basis of this algorithm, the rate of PUB incidence was 22.1 per 100 000 during 2006–2007 and the age-specific incidence rate increased with advanced age. This incidence rate was more than three times higher among men than women. Among 21 107 PUB patients, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 2.15%, but it ranged from 0.83% for patients younger than 60 years to 7.65% for patients older than 80 years. The adjusted 30-day mortality rate ratio for patients older than 80 was 8.13 (95% confidence interval 6.10–10.8) compared with those younger than 60 and 7.09 (95% confidence interval 2.78–4.51) for patients with a high level of comorbidity compared with a low level of comorbidity. CONCLUSION: PUB incidence was higher among men and increased with advanced age. Increased 30-day mortality was observed in association with increasing age, after adjusting for comorbidity.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea
Chung Youseung,Kim Eun Jin,Kim Hee-Sung,Park Kyung-Hwa,Baek Ji Hyeon,Kim Jungok,Lee Ji Yeon,Lee Chang-Seop,Lim Seungjin,Kim Shin-Woo,Kim Eu Suk,Shi Hye Jin,Hong Shin Hee,Jun Jae-Bum,Hong Kyung-Wook,Ch 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.41
Background: This study aimed to describe the maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identify the predictors associated with the severity of COVID-19. Methods: This multicenter observational study included consecutive pregnant women admitted because of COVID-19 confirmed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test at 15 hospitals in the Republic of Korea between January 2020 and December 2021. Results: A total of 257 women with COVID-19 and 62 newborns were included in this study. Most of the patients developed this disease during the third trimester. Nine patients (7.4%) developed pregnancy-related complications. All pregnant women received inpatient treatment, of whom 9 (3.5%) required intensive care, but none of them died. The gestational age at COVID-19 diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.096, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.15) and parity (OR, 1.703, 95% CI, 1.13–2.57) were identified as significant risk factors of severe diseases. Among women who delivered, 78.5% underwent cesarean section. Preterm birth (38.5%), premature rupture of membranes (7.7%), and miscarriage (4.6%) occurred, but there was no stillbirth or neonatal death. The RT-PCR test of newborns’ amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood samples was negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Conclusion: At the time of COVID-19 diagnosis, gestational age and parity of pregnant women were the risk factors of disease severity. Vertical transmission of COVID-19 was not observed, and maternal severity did not significantly affect the neonatal prognosis.