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      • Trends in Automation and Robotics in Protected Horticulture

        ( Uyeh Daniel Dooyum ),( Senorpe Asem-hiablie ),( Tusan Park ),( Seungmin Woo ),( Hoseo Lee ),( Junhee Kim ),( Yushin Ha ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.2

        Changes in climate and associated negative impacts on production agriculture have increased the focus on adaptation strategies including protected cultivation systems. Incorporation of automation and robotics in such systems provide additional benefits such as reduced exposures to chemicals that are harmful to human operators in these enclosed structures. Also, environmentally-friendly practices such as precision weed control which reduce the use of chemicals are made possible by machine vision. Moreover, automation provides opportunities for improved positioning in the global market through increased production. In addition to a review of published reports on automation and control in production systems, five state-of-the-art greenhouses and a major international industry exhibition were visited in order to examine trends in protected cultivation. Data on automation systems and production outputs were collected and analyzed. Our findings show that important gains have been made recently including substantial progress in the development of robots for protected cultivation in greenhouses. For example, 5,000 kg/ha of paprika with 1,500,000 growth lines was cultivated in a state-of-the-art greenhouse using a workforce of 50 personnel compared to 2500 kg/ha in the open field with a considerably higher labor force. This represented a 50% increase in production per square meter and indicates some of the opportunities presented by protected cultivation in meeting growing demands without increasing areas under cultivation. Greenhouse cultivation could be a major driver in attaining food security especially in countries most susceptible to changes in climate. There is a need therefore for improvements in systems as well as the development of relatively affordable technology to facilitate automation.

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