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( Olivier Bertrand ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2005 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.20 No.1
This paper investigates the linkages between economic integration and horizontal Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) location. In a three-country partial equilibrium model with differentiated Cournot and Bertrand competition, we incorporate the two main FDI modes: Greenfield Investment (G.I.) and crossborder Merger and Acquisition (M&A). We also allow regionally-based firms to invest outside the regional area. Economic integration characterized by internal and external transaction costs may affect entry modes (G.I. vs. M&A) and its location (intra - extra regional flows). Our findings suggest the existence of complex linkages between economic integration and FDI location pattern depending simultaneously on set-up fixed costs, the competitive mode of market interaction and the product differentiation. However, the role of cross-border M&A as well as the importance of FDI outflows from the regional area is highlighted.
Location Choices of Multinational Firms: The Case of Mergers and Acquisitions
( Olivier Bertrand ),( Jean Louis Mucchielli ),( Habib Zitouna ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.1
This article examines the location choices of cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) between OECD members` firms in the 1990`s. In addition to traditional determinants of FDI, we estimate the impact of specific factors affecting the M&A location pattern. Two distinct econometric methods are implemented: the conditional logit and the count model. We find that the supply of target firms constrains the location of M&A. However, it is not the only determinant of location: the market size, the labor cost, the market access and the financial openness play a positive and significant role in the M&A location. A bandwagon effect is also observed. In the opposite, the corporate tax rate and the productivity decrease the probability to attract M&A. Cultural and geographic distances as well as differences in legal rules exert a negative significant impact on M&A strategies too. Only the ownership structure has contrasted results.
Amira Guellim,Bertrand Hirel,Olivier Chabrerie,Manuella Catterou,Thierry Tetu,Frédéric Dubois,Hela Ben Ahmed,Thomas Kichey 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.4
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses with a detrimental impact on plant growth and development irrespective of the developmental stage. Thus, identifying the physiological mechanisms driving drought resistance in crops remains challenging. Drought tolerance was evaluated in nine durum wheat cultivars (Triticum durum Desf.) at an early stage of plant development using plants grown under hydroponic conditions. Young wheat plants were subjected to three polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatments (0%, 1.8%, and 2.6%) over 21 days. Nineteen morpho-physiological parameters were then measured to monitor the impact of drought stress caused by the presence of PEG. An integrative analysis allowed the identification of genotypes exhibiting various levels of tolerance to drought, also revealing the impact of water deficiency on key phenotypic and physiological markers. Among the nine wheat genotypes, the landrace INRAT 69 was the most tolerant, whereas the commercial cultivar Ben Bechir was the most sensitive. We also found that amino acid, total soluble sugar, proline, and starch contents were the physiological parameters that were the most representative of drought stress. The use of these parameters as marker traits to select drought-tolerant wheat genotypes at early stages of plant development is discussed.
Charles W. Nichols,Jean-Michel Brismée,Troy L. Hooper,Antony Bertrand-Grenie,Kerry K. Gilbert,Marc-Olivier St-Pierre,Jeegisha Kapila,Stéphane Sobczak 대한초음파의학회 2020 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.39 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the mechanical properties of capsular tissue using shear wave elastography (SWE) and a durometer under various tensile loads, and to explore the reliability and correlation of SWE and durometer measurements to evaluate whether SWE technology could be used to assess tissue changes during capsule tensile loading. Methods: The inferior glenohumeral joint capsule was harvested from 10 fresh human cadaveric specimens. Tensile loading was applied to the capsular tissue using 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-kg weights. Blinded investigators measured tissue stiffness and hardness during loading using SWE and a durometer, respectively. Intraobserver reliability was established for SWE and durometer measurements using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The Pearson product-moment correlation was used to assess the associations between SWE and durometer measurements. Results: The ICC3,5 for durometer measurements was 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 0.96; P<0.001) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.88 to 0.98; P<0.001) for SWE measurements. The Pearson correlation coefficient values for 1-, 3-, and 5-kg weights were 0.56 (P=0.095), 0.36 (P=0.313), and -0.56 (P=0.089), respectively. When the 1- and 3-kg weights were combined, the ICC3,5 was 0.72 (P<0.001), and it was 0.62 (P<0.001) when the 1-, 3-, and 5-kg weights were combined. The 8-kg measurements were severely limited due to SWE measurement saturation of the tissue samples. Conclusion: This study suggests that SWE is reliable for measuring capsular tissue stiffness changes in vitro at lower loads (1 and 3 kg) and provides a baseline for the non-invasive evaluation of effects of joint loading and mobilization on capsular tissues in vivo.
Recanalization before Thrombectomy in Tenecteplase vs. Alteplase-Treated Drip-and-Ship Patients
Pierre Seners,Jildaz Caroff,Nicolas Chausson,Guillaume Turc,Christian Denier,Michel Piotin,Manvel Aghasaryan,Cosmin Alecu,Olivier Chassin,Bertrand Lapergue,Olivier Naggara,Marc Ferrigno,Caroline Arqui 대한뇌졸중학회 2019 Journal of stroke Vol.21 No.1
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