Prevalence and Microbial Flora of Chicken Slaughtering and Processing Procedure

Seol, Kuk-Hwan,Han, Gi-Sung,Kim, Hyoun Wook,Chang, Oun-Ki,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Park, Beom-Young,Ham, Jun-Sang Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.6

This study has been performed to measure the prevalence and microbial flora on chicken slaughtering as well as the processing process from the months of October to November. Whole-chicken rinsing technique was used in order to analyze the incidence of microorganisms on chicken carcass at the stage before chilling (after evisceration), after chilling and after cutting. The swab technique was used on processing the processed samples, such as working plates and cutting knives. Brine and cooling water from four cooling tubs were taken from each processing processes and were used as samples. Furthermore, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) for whole cell fingerprinting in combination with a dedicated bioinformatic software tool was used to identify the isolated microorganisms. Of the tested samples and processes, brine ($4.50{\pm}0.64$ Log CFU/mL) and chicken carcass before chilling ($4.15{\pm}0.46$ Log CFU/mL) showed the highest population of microorganisms; the predominant microbial flora of them were Moellerella wisconsensis (54.84%), a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Escherichia coli (60.36%), respectively. However, the predominant microbial flora of cut carcass was changed to Staphylococcus aureus (27.32%), which is a kind of pathogenic microorganism that can cause a food-borne illness. Therefore, the slaughtering and processing procedure of chicken are needed to be controlled more hygienically.

Assessment of the Inhibitory Activity of Peptide Extracts from Hanwoo Musculus Longissimus on Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme

Seol, Kuk-Hwan,Song, Ji-Hye,Prayad, Thirawong,Kim, Hyoun-Wook,Jang, Ae-Ra,Ham, Jun-Sang,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Kim, Dong-Hun,Lee, Moo-Ha Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.5

This study was performed to measure the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of peptide extracts derived from the enzymatic proteolysis of Hanwoo Musculus longissimus (M. longissimus) during cold storage. Thermolysin (80 ppm, w/w) and protease type XIII (100 ppm, w/w) were injected separately or in combination for the enzymatic proteolysis of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins prior to storage at $5^{\circ}C$ (T1) or at $-1^{\circ}C$ (T2) in a chilling room for 9 days. Beef injected with thermolysin (E2) and thermolysin+protease type XIII (E3) showed a significantly higher degree of hydrolysis at both storage temperatures (p<0.05). During the storage period, T1E2 at day 6 and T1E3 at day 9 showed the strongest ACE inhibitory activity with sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein proteolysates. Macromolecules greater than 10,000 Da were removed by ultra filtration, and the filtrates were separated into fractions using gel filtration. Five and three major fractions were collected from S-T1E2-6 and M-T1E3-9 extracts, respectively, and the $4^{th}$ fraction of the S-T1E2-6 extracts showed the highest ACE inhibitory rate of $61.96{\pm}7.41%$.

Determination of Optimal Storage Condition for Pre-packed Hanwoo Loin

Seol, Kuk-Hwan,Park, Tu San,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Park, Beom-Young,Cho, Seong In,Lee, Mooha Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal storage condition of pre-packed Hanwoo beef without freezing. Hanwoo loin was purchased from a local distributor at 48 h after slaughter, then sliced in $1.5{\pm}0.5$ cm thickness, and packed in a polyethylene (PE) tray covered with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) film. The studied factors to set the optimal storage condition were chamber temperature (5, 2.5 and $-1^{\circ}C$ for 14 d), cooling method (direct and indirect cooling system), and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation for beef surface sterilization (0, 30, 60, and 120 min). The changes of pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and number of aerobic bacteria were measured during storage. Beef samples stored in $-1^{\circ}C$ showed the minimal increasing rate in TBARS and microbial growth. After 15 d of storage, there was no significant difference in pH and TBARS values. However, the microbial population of beef stored in direct type cooling chamber ($4.25{\pm}0.66$ Log CFU/g) was significantly lower than that of beef stored in indirect type chamber ($6.47{\pm}0.08$ Log CFU/g) (p<0.05). After 4 d of storage, 60 or 120 min UV light irradiated beef samples showed significantly lower microbial population, and at 14 d of storage, 60 min UV irradiated beef sample showed significantly lower microbial population ($3.14{\pm}0.43$ Log CFU/g) than control ($4.46{\pm}0.13$ Log CFU/g) (p<0.05). However, TBARS values of 60 or 120 min UV light irradiated beef samples were significantly higher than non-irradiated beef sample after 4 d of storage (p<0.05).

Effect of Medicinal Plant Extract Incorporated Carrageenan Based Films on Shelf-Life of Chicken Breast Meat

Kuk Hwan Seol,Beom Jin Joo,Hyoun Wook Kim,Oun Ki Chang,Jun Sang Ham,Mi Hwa Oh,Beom Young Park,Moo Ha Lee 한국축산식품학회 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.1

This study was performed to examine the possibility of water extracts for several medicinal plants, such as Amomum tsaoko, Alpinia oxyphylla, and Citrus unshiu, as an active packaging ingredient for prevention of lipid oxidation. Chicken breast meats were packed with medicinal plant extracts incorporated carrageenan based films and their physico-chemical and microbial properties during storage at 5℃ were investigated. In chicken meat samples packed with A. tsao-ko (TF) or A. oxyphylla (OF) extract incorporated carrageenan based films, pH value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the population of total microbes were significantly lower than those of the negative control (film of no extract was incorporated, CF) after 5 d of storage (p

Determination of Optimal Storage Condition for Pre-packed Hanwoo Loin

Kuk Hwan Seol,Tu San Park,Mi Hwa Oh,Beom Young Park,Seong In Cho,Moo Ha Lee 한국축산식품학회 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal storage condition of pre-packed Hanwoo beef without freezing. Hanwoo loin was purchased from a local distributor at 48 h after slaughter, then sliced in 1.5±0.5 cm thickness, and packed in a polyethylene (PE) tray covered with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) film. The studied factors to set the optimal storage condition were chamber temperature (5, 2.5 and -1oC for 14 d), cooling method (direct and indirect cooling system), and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation for beef surface sterilization (0, 30, 60, and 120 min). The changes of pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and number of aerobic bacteria were measured during storage. Beef samples stored in -1oC showed the minimal increasing rate in TBARS and microbial growth. After 15 d of storage, there was no significant difference in pH and TBARS values. However, the microbial population of beef stored in direct type cooling chamber (4.25±0.66 Log CFU/g) was significantly lower than that of beef stored in indirect type chamber (6.47±0.08 Log CFU/g) (p<0.05).

Effect of Medicinal Plant Extract Incorporated Carrageenan Based Films on Shelf-Life of Chicken Breast Meat

Seol, Kuk-Hwan,Joo, Beom-Jin,Kim, Hyoun Wook,Chang, Oun-Ki,Ham, Jun-Sang,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Park, Beom-Young,Lee, Mooha Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.1

This study was performed to examine the possibility of water extracts for several medicinal plants, such as Amomum tsao-ko, Alpinia oxyphylla, and Citrus unshiu, as an active packaging ingredient for prevention of lipid oxidation. Chicken breast meats were packed with medicinal plant extracts incorporated carrageenan based films and their physico-chemical and microbial properties during storage at $5^{\circ}C$ were investigated. In chicken meat samples packed with A. tsao-ko (TF) or A. oxyphylla (OF) extract incorporated carrageenan based films, pH value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and the population of total microbes were significantly lower than those of the negative control (film of no extract was incorporated, CF) after 5 d of storage (p<0.05). Especially, TBARS value of TF ($0.12{\pm}0.01$ mg malonaldehyde/kg meat) was significantly lower than chicken meat samples packed with positive control (ascorbic acid incorporated film, AF, $0.16{\pm}0.01$ mg malonaldehyde/kg meat) at 3 d of storage, and it means TF has enough antioxidative activity to prevent the lipid oxidation of chicken meat. However, there was no consistent effect on VBN values of chicken meats packed with medicinal plant extracts incorporated films during storage. Based on the obtained results, it is considered that A. tsao-ko extract has potential for being used as a natural antioxidant ingredient in active packaging areas.

Prevalence and Microbial Flora of Chicken Slaughtering and Processing Procedure

Kuk Hwan Seol,Gi Sung Han,Hyoun Wook Kim,Oun Ki Chang,Mi Hwa Oh,Beomyoung Park,Jun Sang Ham 한국축산식품학회 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.6

This study has been performed to measure the prevalence and microbial flora on chicken slaughtering as well as the processing process from the months of October to November. Whole-chicken rinsing technique was used in order to analyze the incidence of microorganisms on chicken carcass at the stage before chilling (after evisceration), after chilling and after cutting. The swab technique was used on processing the processed samples, such as working plates and cutting knives. Brine and cooling water from four cooling tubs were taken from each processing processes and were used as samples. Furthermore, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) for whole cell fingerprinting in combination with a dedicated bioinformatic software tool was used to identify the isolated microorganisms. Of the tested samples and processes, brine (4.50±0.64 Log CFU/mL) and chicken carcass before chilling (4.15±0.46 Log CFU/mL) showed the highest population of microorganisms; the predominant microbial flora of them were Moellerella wisconsensis (54.84%), a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Escherichia coli (60.36%), respectively. However, the predominant microbial flora of cut carcass was changed to Staphylococcus aureus (27.32%), which is a kind of pathogenic microorganism that can cause a food-borne illness. Therefore, the slaughtering and processing procedure of chicken are needed to be controlled more hygienically.

The Effect of the Water Extracts of Digestive Medicinal Plants on the Shelf-life of Pork Patties

Seol, Kuk-Hwan,Seol, Hyun-Chul,Prayad, Thirawong,Kim, Hyoun-Wook,Jang, Ae-Ra,Ham, Jun-Sang,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Kim, Dong-Hun,Lee, Moo-Ha Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.1

This study was performed to examine the possibility of water extracts of several digestive medicinal plants (DMPEs), such as Amomum tasoko, Alpinia oxyphylla, Citrus unshiu, and Myristica fragrans, as a natural antioxidant. Total phenol contents of each extract were expressed as gallic acid equibalents (GAE) and those were significantly different among A. tasoko ($39.87{\pm}5.77$ mg GAE/g), A. oxyphylla ($30.28{\pm}3.36$ mg GAE/g), C. unshiu ($28.13{\pm}5.01$ mg GAE/g) and M. fragrans ($6.36{\pm}0.30$ mg GAE/g) (p<0.05), and extract of A. tasoko showed significantly higher antioxidative effect than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on linoleic acid peroxidation at 72 h after incubation (p<0.05). Addition of extracts in pork patties did not affect the pH value and total microbes during cold storage. However, thiobarbituric acid reative substances (TBARS) of treated patties were lower in dose dependant manner than that of control as storage period increased (except patties treated with C. unshiu extract), and patties treated with 0.5% A. tasoko extract showed no significant difference with patties treated with 0.5% BHA at day 7.

장내 마이크로바이옴과 치매

설국환 ( Kuk-hwan Seol ),김현욱 ( Hyoun Wook Kim ),유자연 ( Jayeon Yoo ),윤정희 ( Jeong-hee Yun ),오미화 ( Mi-hwa Oh ),함준상 ( Jun-sang Ham ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회 2021 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.39 No.3

The lack of an effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stems primarily from incomplete understanding of AD’s causes. A rapidly growing number of scientific reports highlight important roles played by peripheral infections and intestinal bacterial flora in pathological and physiological functions involving the microbiome-intestine-brain axis. The microbiome controls basic aspects of the central nervous system (CNS), immunity, and behavior, in health and disease. Changes in the density and composition of the microbiome have been linked to disorders of the immune, endocrine, and nervous systems, including mood changes, depression, increased susceptibility to stressors, and autistic behaviors. There is no doubt that in patients with AD, restoration of the intestinal microbiome to a composition reminiscent of that found in healthy adult humans will significantly slow the progression of neurodegeneration, by ameliorating inflammatory reactions and/or amyloidogenesis. In the near future, better understanding of bidirectional communication between the brain and microbiota will allow the development of functional diets using specific probiotic bacteria.

우유에서 생리활성 펩타이드의 생산

설국환 ( Kuk Hwan Seol ),장운기 ( Oun Ki Chang ),김민경 ( Min Kyung Kim ),한기성 ( Gi Sung Han ),정석근 ( Seok Geun Jeong ),박범영 ( Beom Young Park ),함준상 ( Jun Sang Ham ) 한국유가공기술과학회 2012 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.30 No.1

Milk-derived bioactive peptides have been found to exhibit various physiological activities such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antibacterial, and antioxidative effects. Bioactive peptides can be used in the formulation of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and natural drugs because of their beneficial effects. However, the degree of variability in the composition, functionality, and sensory properties of such peptides has greatly limited their use in the food industry. In this review, we discuss the main peptides obtained from milk proteins and summarize findings from previous studies on the production and biological activities of these peptides. In addition, we compare the methods used to separate and identify the structure of the bioactive peptides and highlight current investigations into engineering and implementation of technologies that would allow more efficient isolation of bioactive peptides for functional food production. To improve human health, further molecular biology studies will also be required to elucidate the complex network of interactions between food microorganisms and the digestive system.