韓末 묄렌도르프의 外交·經濟活動 硏究 = (A) study on diplomatic and economic activities of P.G.von Mollendorff during the period of late Chosun

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Mollendorff had played an important role to modernize Chosun during the period of late Dynasty since he came to Chosun as a government advisor in Dec 9, 1882. While doing this, he had served as Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Construction. Also, he had worked as General Director on Seaport Tarriffs and charged of Monetary Policy as Chief of Mint Bureau.
This thesis addresses his activities focusing on his diplomatic and economic ones. First, the thesis argues that he suggested Chosun government to enlarge the diplomatic relations with Western Powers to be fully independent of Japan and China. To do this, Specifically, he contended that Chosun should host Western Embassies on the territory as many as possible.
However, this thesis would not deny that his activities on that field had some bad effects on Chosun's fate. Through his mediation, Chosun could sign the Treaties with Western Powers. But the Treaties, including Western Powers' status of MFN, low tarriffs, consular jurisdiction, ect., caused Chosun to be placed as a spot of their competitions for a superior post in relation with the Dynasty.
Besides, while suggestiong a close diplomatic ties with Russia to secure the sovereignty of Chosun, he dismissed the possibility that Russia might just pursue its own interests in the Chosun Territory. He thought that Russia just wanted Chosun to be 'A Buffer State' between Manchuria and Japan.
Actually, while he believed that the security of Chosun could be maintained through the reliances on Western Powers, he had neglected the chances that Chosun might lose the sovereignty at the cost of Western protection.
In this context, this thesis shows us some shortcomings of Mollendorff's visions on Chosun's diplomatic policy.
Second, as an economic reform policy he suggested inviting German engineers to conduct a national geo-terrain survey and to build some modern factories. And to foster exim tarriffs income, he initiated the foundation of Seaport Tarriffs Offices. He also envisaged the introduction of foreign loans and new currencies to overcome financial crisis of the Dynasty.
However, due to the inability to introduce foreign loans without the mortgage of future Tarriffs Incomes, Chosun could not secure the Tarriffs Sovereignty. In addition, not knowing how to use foreign loans reasonably for the modernization and just producing new currencies into the unwelcoming domestic market, Chosun caused heavy foreign debt and depreciation of its currencies leading to further economic difficulties.
The thesis gives us a whole picture on his activities in both lights of positive and negative effects on Chosun's modernization. Mollendorff, not just as a government advisor but as a de facto manipulator, took the leads in pursuing the diplomatic and economic policies. The problem can be cited as a sentence that he covered too many fields and they were beyong his ability. Also, because of his non-professionalism and arbitrary decisions, he drew antipathies from Chosun and foregin counrties.
Of course this thesis accepts that with all his negative impacts on Chosun's diplomatic and economic policies, he contributed to the modernization through genuine efforts and dedications.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• Ⅱ. 生涯와 雇聘背景 = 4
• 1. 生涯 = 4
• 2. 雇聘背景 = 7
• Ⅲ. 外交的 活動 = 11
• 1. 多邊 外交 = 11
• 2. 引露 外交 = 14
• Ⅳ. 經濟的 活動 = 20
• 1. 鑛工業 振興 = 20
• 2. 海關 創設 = 23
• 3. 借款 導入 = 30
• 4. 貨幣制 改革 = 35
• Ⅴ. 歷史的 意義 = 43
• Ⅵ. 結論 = 46
• 參考文獻 = 49
• SUMMARY = 54