노인의 종교 참여 및 사회적 지지가 죽음 불안에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 = (A) study on the effects of elderly people's participation in religious activities and social support upon uneasiness about death

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the effects of elderly people's participation in religious activities and social support upon uneasiness about death, and investigated the relations of uneasiness about death with both participation in religious activities and social support.
In modern society, the number of the population of elderly people increased and men could extend life expectancy because of developed science as well as health and medical services. The elderly people, however, were exposed to more diseases and could not be economically supported because of soaring commodity prices under continuous economic recession as well as unstable jobs of their sons and daughters, so that some of them lived poor life because of less economic support. Most of elderly people felt uneasy about diseases, becoming old and death.
In old age, the elderly people could not deny closer death than the young people did: If the elderly people could not overcome death problems, they were forced to live unhappy life. Therefore, the elderly people were asked to recogmje death exactly to prepare for it properly.
The findings this study were as follows:
Firstly, the age of the subject consisted of 12.1% of 60 to 64 years old, 29.6% of 65 to 69 years old, 33.0% of 70 to 74 years old, 14.5% of 75 to 79 years old and 10.8% of 80 years old or more: In other words, the elderly people at their seventies or more occupied more than half. 63.3% of the subject graduated elementary school or higher. 67.7% participated in religious activities. 60.3% of the elderly people lived life with a spouse to remain high, while 38.7% lived life alone. 81.5% of the elderly people lived life together with a spouse, sons and daughters, so that 74.1% could live economic life higher than average level, and 60.9% could live healthy life better than average level. In addition, 53.2% had lie believing in the future existence or had no information on it. The believing in the future existence had close relations with participation in religious activities, and believing in the future existence varied. There was a lot of difference between believing and attending in religious activities and more difference between conviction and no conviction. The ones having no conviction replied that they had no information.
Secondly, ANOVA was used to examine difference of support system, participation in religious activities and uneasiness about death, etc depending upon the subjects' demographic features. The support system's contact frequency had significant difference depending upon gender and ages. The emotional support, information support, evaluation support, participation in religious activities and uneasiness about death, etc had significant difference depending upon educational background: The information support, participation in religious activities, uneasiness about death, uneasiness about life after this life, uneasiness about loss and uneasiness about future life, etc had significant difference depending upon religions. The emotional support, evaluation support and the number of supporters, etc had significant difference depending upon living in the same house with a spouse, while the emotional support, material matter support and contact frequency, etc did depending upon the one who lived in the same house. The emotional support, information support, material matter support, evaluation support, contact frequency, the number of supporters and uneasiness about future life, etc had significant difference depending upon economic life levels. The evaluation support, participation in religious activities, uneasiness about life after this life and uneasiness about death, etc had significant difference depending upon health status, while participation in religious activities and uneasiness about future life had significant difference depending upon believing in the future existence.
In other words, educational background, the one living in the same house, a spouse and economic life levels, etc had great influence upon the support system, while the religions did upon uneasiness about death.
Thirdly, multiple regression analysis was used to examine participation in religious activities and support system regarding uneasiness about death.
The participation in religious activities had significant influence upon uneasiness about after one's death. In other words, frequent participation in religious activities made low uneasiness about after one's death.
The participation in religious activities as well as contact frequency of support system had significant influence upon uneasiness about death. In other words, frequent participation in religious activities as well as frequent contact made less thinking of uneasiness about death.
The participation in religious activities had significant influence upon uneasiness about loss. In other words, frequent participation in religious activities made less thinking of uneasiness about death.
The participation in religious activities, evaluation supports of support system, contact frequency, and the number of supporters, etc had significant influence upon uneasiness about future life. In other words, frequent participation in religious activities, good evaluation, frequent contact, and the number of the ones admitting of him or her, etc had less uneasiness about future life.
The author suggested the followings based on the findings this study:
Firstly, the elderly people who had a religion or actively participated in religious activities had less factors of uneasiness about death: Therefore, the elderly people should be given an opportunity to select a religion widely, while religious organizations should develop a variety of programs for elderly people to let them make change of consciousness on death.
Secondly, social support system such as evaluation support, contact frequency, the number of supporters, etc made less uneasiness about death of elderly people. Therefore, official supporting organizations, for instance, social welfare organizations, social public organizations and hospitals, etc should develop program being suitable to ages, educational backgrounds and health, etc to elevate life quality of elderly people and to let them think of death in affirmative way.
Thirdly, the Government should carry out welfare policy thoroughly in preparation for aging society to establish more hospitals for the elderly people who were destined to die soon and to make elderly people be given more material support as well as benefits for their children to be free from uneasiness about death.
Fourthly, the hospice service should be promoted to let elderly people die peacefully. When elderly people lived life either alone or in couple, their children could not be present at their parent's death because of distance of living places. After being trained. Therefore, more hospice professionals should help elderly people die peacefully.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• 1. 문제제기 및 연구목적 = 1
• 2. 연구문제 및 논문의 구성 = 4
• 3. 연구의 한계 = 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 = 6
• 1. 죽음의 개념과 관점 = 6
• 2. 노인의 죽음불안 = 12
• 3. 노인의 종교참여 와 죽음 불안 = 15
• 4. 노인의 사회적 지지와 죽음불안 = 17
• Ⅲ. 조사방법 = 26
• 1. 조사 대상 및 자료 수집방법 = 26
• 2. 측정 도구 = 26
• 3. 조사 내용 = 28
• 4. 자료분석 방법 = 29
• Ⅳ. 조사결과 및 분석 = 30
• 1. 조사 대상자의 인구통계학적 특성 = 30
• 2. 조사 대상자의 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 변인들의 차이 검증 = 35
• 3. 종교참여 및 사회적 지지와 죽음불안과의 관계 = 48
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론 = 53
• 참고문헌 = 57
• ABSTRACT = 61
• 설문지 = 67