日本의 亡命者 金玉均 處遇策과 그 性格

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Kim 0k-kyun(金玉均) was a progressive and enlightened open-door advocate in Chosen Dynasty during the nineteenth century. He started his ambitious revolutionary movement with the Progressive Party(急進開化派). This was called Kapsin Chungbyun(甲申政變). But his progressive revolt was failed by interrupting of Chinese Ching army(淸軍). And so, he and his comrades could not choose but go to Japan which had helped Kim and his followers' progressive movement. The reason they went to there was to rebuild their revolutionary power with Japan's assistance and help, their hope was more and more devastated by the Japanese attitude, the Japanese had turned their face against them.
Moreover, the Japanese administration, immediately after their refuge to Japan, denied the fact of their residence in Japan in order to avoid the responsibilities of participating in KapsinChungbyim. But Japan gradually needed Kim Ok-kyun value in the diplomatic big deal within Chosen because, at that time, the Dynasty was the center all the important imperial nations rushed into. Every imperial nation struggled to obtain its interest in Chosen. And so there were many inequal international agreements and military actions in Chosen such as the Korean-Russo Secret Agreement(朝露密約) and Kumun-do Incident(巨文島事件). Now Japan also needed Kim's value to have influence on Chosen. At that time, Chosen and Ching demanded that Kim should be delivered into Chosen for the responsibilities of the revolt. On the while, Japan tried Kim's card to diplomatic negotiation with the Chinese Ching Dynasty which was superior power in the Chosen after the failure of Kim's Kapsin Chungbyun. Also, if Kim had gone to another nation hostile to Japan, Japan could not have influenced on the Chosen's problems. And so, Japan could not permit its political asylum to another country. Japan also tried to revise inequal international agreements with powerful nations. If Kim had been expelled, Japan's international status to have obtain agreements would have been damaged profoundly. Only one alternative was to be sent into reclusive Ogasawara Island of Hokkaido.
After Meiji Restoration(明治維新), the Japanese diplomatic priori was to revise the inequal international agreements and Chosen's Annexation. The former was to face the powerful nations to solve diplomatic difficulties. These problems were very difficult problems for Japan to solve and needed a long time to do. But the latter could be solved by shorter time and with the participation in this problem, Japan's international power could be enforced. Moreover, the Chinese Ching dynasty was easier than any other powerful nation to negotiate. And so, the Japanese devoted all their power to the Chosen problems. At first, they started to enforce their strength in order to defeat Ching's power. They broke off so-called the International Conference for Revision of Laws(條約改正列國會議) from 1887 to 1890. They endlessly had sought an excuse to cause a dispute. Their concrete expression symbolized in the Yamagata Aritomo Doctrine(山縣有朋意見書).
As their diplomatic strategy transformed, They permitted Kim Ok-kyun's free dwelling or emigration but they kept watch his move. In fact, at that time, Kim's problem was very keen political and diplomatic 'hot potato' within such three nations as Chosen, Ching and Japan.
Although the Japanese government had known many plotters to assassinate Kim, they was not ready to prevent it. Moreover, Considering historical documents about the assassination, I conclude that three nations have plotted together in order to assassinate him under international imperialistic policies and circumstances.
In 1886, three nations' governments had already started on the consultation about Kim's extradition, punishment and finally assassination. But three nations' object to trying his assassination was differ from one another entirely. Chosen's purpose was the punishment of revolter. The Ching government was to intensify their influence on the Chosen, And the Japanese government was to obtain an excuse in order to quarrel against Ching.
Anyway, to carry into effect of this accomplishment with three nations, the Chosen government despatched assassinators such as Lee Il-jik(李逸稙) · Kwun Dong-soo(權東壽), next the Ching government kidnapped Kim to Shanghai of China with assistance of Ching's foreign ministry in Japan, and then, the Japanese Government gave the necessary money to an assassinator tough Oohmiwa Chobei(大三輪長兵衛) who masterminded this intrigues including communication with between Ching and Chosen government. At last, when Kim was assassinated by Hong Jong-woo(洪鍾宇). Ching and Japanese government concealed all responsibilities about the assassination with help of Chosen dynasty. Although three nations' object about assassination was different from by each nation's interest, they thought his assassination needed to solve and compromise diplomatic difficult situation in the Korean peninsular. And Japan was the prime mover in this assassination.
When the assassination was happen, the relationship between Chosen and Ching government was very good at that time. And so, If Kim's corpse had been left in Ching, Chosen government would have brought his corpse into Korea under the help of Ching's, and then his corpse would have been tore into peaces as a terrible punishment under the Chosen's national laws and custom. Nevertheless, the Japanese government never permitted his corpse to be brought into Japan.
But as soon as his corpse had gone to the Chosen, the Japanese government's attitude changed into different direction. They said the assassination was a work in conspiracy between Chosen and Ching government. Outwardly, they made propaganda against Ching and Chosen. They said Japan pursued humanistic stand point in this problem. Now they requested that Japan should ready military building and need military action to the Chinese Ching. When Donghak Peasant Revolution(東學農民革命) was happened in the Chosen dynasty, the Ching government dispatched their army and also the Japanese government dispatched quickly their army to Chosen. And so two nations confronted in the Korean peninsula. It was The Sino-Japanese War(淸日戰爭).
As a conclusion, Chosen's response to the Japanese government about Kim's asylum was based on requesting extradition firstly, and then dispatching an assassinator to kill him. Chosen, I think, did not response properly to the Japanese government's excuse based on so-called International Law(Mankuk Kongbup: 萬國公法) about Kim's political asylum. Also, Chosen did not requested the Japanese government to make an agreement about the prospective political asylum. Finally, through Kim's case, Chosen should have utilized in the diplomatic battle against the Japanese government but Chosen never could do it.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = 0
• I. 머리말 = 1
• II. 甲申政變 後 日本政府의 金玉均 인도 거부와 그 의도 = 5
• 1. 金玉均 일행의 日本亡命과 朝日交涉 = 5
• 2. 淸의 對朝蘇 宗主權 강화와 日本의 對러 淸日共助政策 = 8
• III. 日本政府의 金玉均 處遇 변화와 對淸强硬路線 = 14
• 1. 朝鮮의 刺客 파견과 日本의 金玉均 流配 = 14
• 2. 日本의 對淸强硬路線으로의 전환과 金玉均의 東京 귀환 = 24
• IV. 金玉均 暗殺事件과 일본의 政治的 이용 = 33
• 1. 日本의 金玉均 暗殺 幇 助 = 33
• 2. 金玉均 暗殺事件에 대한 日本의 대응 = 39
• 3. 日本정부의 政治的 이용 = 50
• V. 맺음말 = 58
• 參考文獻 = 62
• ABSTRACT = 68