대구지역 쪽방실태와 그 대책

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of residents of single-room occupancy, who could be defined as potential homeless which is lately emerging as one of grave social issues, to explore preventive solution for keeping them from being homeless, and to discuss how single-room occupancy, or SRO, could transform into a better residential space.
The subjects in this study were 108 residents of single-room occupancy in the region of Taegu. The in-depth interview and survey were conducted to find out their general characteristics, actual lives, relationship with being homeless, economic activities and need for service.
The findings of this study were as below:
First, regarding the general characteristics, the residents of single-room occupancy in Taegu were mostly constituted by the males in their 30s or 40s(55.7%) from Taegu or North Chungcheong province(86.1%). More than half them had no education or graduated from elementary school (57.4%), and had no religion(63.8%). And a lot of them had disorganized families or hadn't ever have families of their own(79.7%). For many of them, resident registration was erased(35.2%), and most didn't benefit from the National Basic Livelihood Security Law(79.6%).
Second, concerning their lives, their SRO hotel residence term diversely ranged from more than three months(36.1%) to more than three years (29.6%), and they paid monthly rent(60.2%). Many of them weren't covered by health insurance or any other medical aids(61.1%), which is the most fundamental part of life. Some were physically handicapped (11.1%), and the majority of them relied on pharmacist or free treatment when they had medical trouble(76.9%), and this fact indicated that they were absolutely alienated from the national health service coverage. They had a meal twice a day(66.7%), and many supported themselves in this regard without being helped(54.6%).
Third, as to the relationship with being homeless, a great number of them had ever been homeless(67.6%). Specifically, a lot of them had such an experience for the past three years(60.2%), which implied that the national financial crisis was deeply related to homeless issue. And many had ever been in group shelters for homeless(65.7%), and this fact showed that there was close relation between being homeless, SRO hotel and group shelters. And a lot of them had very weak human relations, with no person around who could extend a help to them(70.4%). This signified that when they faced a critical situation, they were bound to be homeless with no assistance from a social safety network.
Fourth, in regard to economic activities, their past job was diverse, such as daily laborer(36.1%), service provider(15.7%) or office worker (10.2%). But their vocational situation became worse than before, because they were currently engaged in daily labor(59.3%) or had no job(19.4%). For the majority of them, labor income was the sole source of living expenses(72.2%), and their monthly income was less than 300 thousand won(54.6%), which fell short of the minimum living expenses. For preferred type of services, they wanted the most that their advantage would be considered(36.1%), and the second most favored one was employment aid(25.9%), counseling service(13.9%) and proxy for their civil petitions(11.1%) in the order named. Therefore, they were strongly eager to bring some change to their poor residential spaces, and wanted to have a stable job.
Based on the above-mentioned findings, there are some suggestions about countermeasure for residents of single-room occupancy:
First, the social security system should be revamped. As explained above, the residents of single-room occupancy didn't benefit from either the National Basic Livelihood Security Law or health insurance, in spite of their poor income that fell short even of the minimum living expenses. Although there were various reasons they didn't benefit from the law, the related system should be improved to ensure that they could live a humane life as the Constitution guarantees. The central and local governments need to make sustained, concerted efforts from diverse perspectives.
Third, a variety of social welfare services are required. A lot of local resources and activists should be developed as a way to resolve matters related to fire or health care. Some professional institutes that could function as free employment agency are also necessary. Besides, residents of single-room occupancy encounter very complicated financial, family or personal problems, social welfare services of integrated approach should be carefully designed.
The above-mentioned findings suggested that skid row is a residential poverty type that has existed in our society for a long time, and that it cannot be brought to a settlement on a short-term basis, like other types of residential poverty. Every countermeasure for residents of single- room occupancy should be developed on a long-term basis, and it's additionally needed to do research on their sociopsychological features.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차
• I. 서론 = 1
• 1. 문제제기 = 1
• 2. 연구의 의의 및 목적 = 3
• 3. 연구의 제한점 = 4
• II. 이론적 배경 = 5
• 1. 선행연구동향 = 5
• 2. 우리나라 쪽방지역의 현황 및 특성 = 9
• 3. 외국 쪽방지역의 현황 및 특성 = 24
• III. 연구 방법 = 28
• 1. 조사대상 = 28
• 2. 조사도구 = 28
• 3. 자료수집 = 29
• 4. 자료분석방법 = 29
• IV. 조사결과 = 30
• 1. 일반적 사항 = 30
• 2. 생활실태 = 36
• 3. 노숙과의 관계 = 42
• 4. 경제활동 = 45
• V. 고찰 = 52
• 1. 쪽방지역의 문제점 = 52
• 2. 쪽방지역 대책 = 57
• VI. 결론 = 61
• 참고문헌 = 64
• Abstract = 67
• 부록 = 71