朝鮮初期 社倉制度에 대하여 = (A) Study on the Sa-Chang System in the Early Period of Chosun

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The illustrious officials who opened a new dynasty in late 14th century executed the social policies which firm the foundation of dynasty and one of them was Eui-Chang. However, the grains of Eui-Chang were increasingly decreased due to the informal consumption of them and the necessity of a supplementation was prevailed. The supplementation was mainly achieved by war grains. But, since the loan of war grains was not easier than the withdrawl by Euichang, the war grains were naturally decreased and it was contrary to the purpose of establishment of war grains. Although the government controlled and restricted the loan of war grains, it was helpless due to the continuous occurrence of the famished.
LEE JIN, officer of the Revenue Board, argued to established the private Sa-Chang governed by a provincial mandarine as a trial to overcome the loan of war grains and the lack of grains in Eui-Chang instead of Eui-Chang on May, 1439(the 21th year of King Se-Jong). Such an assertion had been discussed for a long time and was once accepted in the 30th year of King Se-Jong(1448) and then tested at Taegu-Kun. As one of the achievments, it was extended to 10 on september, the 1st year of King Mun-Jong(1451) : Kumsan-Kun, Keochang-Kun, Youngchun-Kun, Kyungsan-Kun, Indong-Kun, Shinryung-Kun, Saneum-Kun, Jirye-Kun, Hayang-Kun, and Kunwi-Kun in Kyungsangnamdo province.
Its contents were that "200 soks of grains in Eui-Chang were distributed to every sachang and 3 dus per 1 sok were collected every year. If there are no harvests, moneymaking of 3 dus can be exempted. Sa-Chang governs this service. When the moneymaking reaches 500 soks, 200 soks of grains of Eui-Chang should be returned and the chairman shall be appointed to govermental officer of 9th class".
It introduced the theory of Sa-Chang of Juja. His theory of Sa-Chang is a means for maintaining the rural community by preventing the fall and transfer of farmers and has a different historical character from the past Sangpyung-Chang system.
It was not established only by the government, but by the members themselves of rural community at Hyangchon which is the place of real production and was not a currency for renting the farmers, but was achieved by grains in order to prevent a dispute among farmers, and was to strive for the community maintenance of rural area = Hyangchon and was not an equal commoness, but was to establish a class organization centering around scholars.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목차 = ⅰ
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• Ⅱ. 社倉制度 施行 = 3
• 1. 社倉制度의 施行 動機 = 3
• 2. 社倉制度의 施行 過程 = 10
• Ⅲ. 社倉制度은의 運營 = 16
• 1. 施行事目 = 16
• 2. 運營方案 = 18
• Ⅳ. 社創制度의 弊端 및 廢止 = 23
• Ⅴ. 社倉制度의 歷史的 性格 = 28
• Ⅵ. 結論 = 33
• 參考文獻 = 36
• ABSTRACT = 39