This study analyzes the impact on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of social workers who work in community, senior, and rehabilitation welfare centers through path analysis, with sociodemographic factors, role factors, organizational j...
This study analyzes the impact on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of social workers who work in community, senior, and rehabilitation welfare centers through path analysis, with sociodemographic factors, role factors, organizational justice factors and work environment factors as independent variables, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment as parameters. In addition, factors influencing intentions to leave jobs by each welfare center are compared by controlling types of institutions and conducting an analysis. Based on the analysis results, this study attempts to seek ways to help reduce social workers' intentions to leave jobs.
The results identified in this study can be summarized as follows.
The results of path analysis showed that independent variables have direct and indirect effects on intentions to leave jobs, the dependent variable, indicating that the path analysis can contribute to a better understanding of the impact on the dependent variable. In addition, it turned out that independent variables affect intentions to leave jobs through job satisfaction and organizational commitment, which indicates that the job satisfaction and organizational commitment function properly as parameters.
Factors influencing intentions to leave jobs are as follows.
First, the results of analysis on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of all respondents showed that job-title(social worker), role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload have a positive effect, and age, distributive justice, procedural justice, promotion opportunities, relationship with colleagues, relationship with superior authorities, sense of achievement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negative effect.
Second, the results of analysis on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of community welfare center found that job-title(social worker), role conflict and role ambiguity have a positive effect, and age, distributive justice, procedural justice, relationship with colleagues, relationship with superior authorities, sense of achievement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negative effect.
Third, the results of analysis on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of senior welfare centers revealed that role conflict and role overload have a positive effect, and age, distributive justice, procedural justice, relationship with superior authorities, sense of achievement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negative effect.
Fourth, as the results of analysis on the factors influencing intentions to leave jobs of rehabilitation welfare center, it was found that role conflict, role ambiguity and role overload have a positive effect, and gender(male), age, distributive justice, procedural justice, relationship with colleagues, sense of achievement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negative effect.
Meanwhile, the effects of independent variable sand parameters on intentions to leave jobs are as follows.
First, parameters such as job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a direct effect on intentions to leave jobs, and job satisfaction also have an indirect effect through organizational commitment. In addition, since other independent variables affect intentions to leave through these two parameters, they can be thought to be the most important variables affecting intentions to leave jobs. In particular, organizational commitment was found to be the most influential variable in all types of institutions. Second, although relative influence slightly varies depending on the types of institutions, it was commonly found that age has a huge impact on intentions to leave in sociodemographic factors, role conflict in role factors, distributive justice and procedural justice in organizational justice factors, sense of achievement in job environment factors.
Based on the results of this study, some suggestions to reduce social workers' intentions to leave jobs are presented as follows.
First, it is urgently required to set clear standards related to roles of social workers and conduct job analysis. Second, there is a need to strengthen the justice of social welfare organizations. Third, an effort to improve working environment of social welfare organizations needs to be made. Fourth, it is necessary to devise countermeasures considering sociodemographic characteristics of members of social welfare organizations. Fifth, measures to increase job satisfaction need to be prepared. Sixth, it is required to formulate methods to strengthen organizational commitment. Seventh, it is suggested that different approaches by type of institutions should be used to devise plans for turnover management in terms of social welfare organizations. Eighth, it is required for social workers to make efforts to enhance their professional expertise, along with improvement of social awareness.