대학생 자원봉사활동이 다문화 수용성에 미치는 영향 = Effects of University Student's Voluntary Work on the Multicultural Acceptability

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the study is to focus on today’s multicultural‐oriented society and to analyze a variety of factors that influence multicultural acceptance. Especially, the motivations of University students involved in voluntary work and social responsibility were investigated and then how voluntary work affects multicultural acceptance was studied. A survey was conducted targeting 500 students in total who are currently attending a University located in the Chungcheong and Jeolla provinces and, of those, 463 samples were used for the study. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical program SPSS/Win 12.0 in order to validate the hypotheses of this study. The confidence coefficient α was used for verification of the reliability of the measurement tool used in this study. In addition, frequency analysis was carried out to determine the demographic and economic characteristics and the overall voluntary work status of the subjects.  T‐test and ANOVA were used to find differences between the major variables. Correlation analysis was used to find correlations between the main variables. Lastly, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of voluntary work, voluntary work status and social responsibility on multicultural acceptance.

The results of this study are as follows:

First, with respect to the influence of demographic and economic characteristics of students on their motivation for voluntary work, students born in cities had higher motivation to voluntary work than students born in towns. With respect to gender, the motivation went from highest to lowest in male veterans, females, and male nonveterans, respectively. With respect to University experience, the motivation went from highest to lowest in juniors, seniors, freshmen, and sophomores, respectively.

Second, with respect to the influence of demographic and economic characteristics of students on social responsibility, students born in cities had stronger sense of social responsibility than students born in towns. With respect to gender, the sense of social responsibility went from highest to lowest in male veterans, females, and male nonveterans, respectively. With respect to University experience, the sense of social responsibility went from highest to lowest in juniors, seniors, freshmen, and sophomores, respectively. In addition, religious students demonstrated a higher sense of social responsibility than nonreligious students.

Third, students with a religion showed higher multicultural acceptance than students without a religion according to the demographic and economic characteristics.

Fourth, when looking at differences in the motivation to participate in voluntary work depending on the content of the voluntary work, the following order was obtained from highest to the lowest: professional technical services, counseling services, simple outreach efforts, acting as an MC or assistant in a program, secretarial services and acting as a guide in teaching / living, respectively.

Fifth, when the correlation of characteristics related to voluntary work were investigated with regard to social responsibility, students with previous voluntary work experience had stronger socially responsibility than the students without previous experience.

Sixth, when looking the correlation between multicultural acceptance and characteristics related to voluntary work, students with previous voluntary work experience had higher multicultural acceptance than students without the previous experience. In addition, multicultural acceptance was ranked in the following order from highest to the lowest depending on the content of voluntary work: professional technical service, counseling service, simple outreach efforts, acting as an MC or assistant in a program, secretarial services and acting as a guide in teaching / living, respectively. Furthermore, multicultural acceptance depending on the targets of voluntary work efforts was ranked from the highest to the lowest as follows: The elderly, children, people with disabilities, youth, the environment, and women.

Seventh, the factors which positively influenced multicultural acceptance were having multicultural acceptance voluntary work experience and higher motivation of voluntary work and social responsibility. Moreover, the relative impacts between factors that influence multicultural acceptance were investigated. They were ordered from higher multicultural acceptance to the lower multicultural acceptance as follows: social responsibility, voluntary work motivation, religion, voluntary work experience, and major, respectively.

Voluntary work is a very meaningful positive activity for University students to build social responsibility and contribute to personal satisfaction. It provides the opportunity to practice social responsibility and social participation, and increase responsibility through experiential learning. Therefore, a significant need for voluntary work is supported because voluntary work helps the students equally respect their own culture and other cultures and have the opinion, as a matter of cultural pluralism, that each individual is a citizen of the world regardless of ethnicity or race. On top of that it helps them to try to live in harmony with people of other cultures and to easily accept people from different cultures.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 문제제기 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 및 연구문제 3
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 자원봉사활동 6
• 2. 대학생 자원봉사활동 16
• 3. 사회적 책임성 19
• 4. 다문화 수용성 24
• 5. 선행 연구 32
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 39
• 1. 연구모형 39
• 2. 조사대상 및 자료수집 방법 40
• 3. 측정 도구 41
• 4. 분석 방법 46
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 47
• 1. 조사대상자의 인구사회학적 특성 47
• 2. 조사대상자의 자원봉사활동 관련 특성 48
• 3. 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 관련 변수의 차이 49
• 4. 자원봉사활동 관련 특성에 따른 관련 변수의 차이 70
• 5. 대학생 자원봉사활동이 다문화 수용성에 미치는 영향 81
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 87
• 1. 연구결과 요약 87
• 2. 논의 및 제언 90
• 참고문헌 96
• 부록: 설문지 102
• ABSTRACT 113