Juveniles are the leader of the society in the future, and adolescence is an important time to develop the qualities needed for the main role of such a future society. It is not too much to say that the future of Korean society depends on this period ...
Juveniles are the leader of the society in the future, and adolescence is an important time to develop the qualities needed for the main role of such a future society. It is not too much to say that the future of Korean society depends on this period according to how the juveniles grow up and how to make their environment foster them desirably.
However, the reality of juveniles' background is too inferior. There are many obstructions to the healthy growth of juveniles such as entrance examination centered education, overflowing informatization, economic inequality getting more deeper, the decline of public education, and so on.
This change of growth surroundings makes juvenile delinquency and crimes increasing. As a result, lately, the number of juvenile delinquency has been growing significantly. In 2005, there were 67,478 juvenile delinquents, and getting more and more increasing every year, 89,776 delinquents appeared in 2010. For 5 years, 22,298 had been added to this, the rate of increase is about 33.3 percent. A bigger problem is that this seriousness of juvenile crimes doesn't show only numerical increase. By analyzing ?wBeomjoe-baekseo?x, we can know the following three features of juvenile delinquency in the last 10 years. First, school violence as newly formed violent crimes and sex crimes like sexual violence, prostitution are remarkably increasing. Second, an age group of juvenile delinquents is getting lower. Third, the rate of repetition of an offense is very high.
Because juvenile delinquency of Korea is changing into these new types, new methods different from before are required to deal with this fact. At present, 'Disposition No.6' is the protective disposition that conducts correction, indoctrination, and rehabilitation at the same time by leaving the juvenile delinquents to the care of protective facilities in the Korean juvenile justice.
Disposition No.6 is a type of alternative dispositions of taking juvenile delinquents into facilities such as a juvenile prison or a reformatory. This way is one of community receptive treatment, the intermediate disposition. It is used when the need for protection is too strong and the delinquent committed a too serious crime to put him or her on probation, and when they don't have enough offences to send them to the reformatory.
The purpose of this study is to examine the Disposition No.6. More specifically, 'the child welfare institution' fostering the juveniles who got the Disposition No.6 will be researched.
Lots of studies on the foster institution of Disposition No.6 have been ongoing. Previous studies can be divided into two courses. One is the research that have a focus on the theoretical meaning of community receptive treatment as a new paradigm in the juvenile justice. The other studies are focusing on the realities and improvements of foster dispositive facilities. Most of these research studies describe the realities and problems of facilities in detail, and they are the reports that came from the results of the studies to activate the facilities in national laboratories. However, there is a limit that the considerable position of the order department intervenes in the studies because of its character as a service report.
In this respect, this study will find some solutions to make the foster institution of Disposition No.6 the best in order to correct the juveniles on probation and rehabilitate them normally, keeping the feature of community receptive treatment. For this, the projects are as follows.
First, it is needed to understand the realities and features of the foster institution of Disposition No.6. It includes how the operating organization is constructed, what kinds of educational activities are conducted there, how the life is in facilities, and how the protection, cure, and programs for rehabilitation are. This contents are mainly considered at Chapter 4: An Analysis of the Foster Child Welfare Institution for the Juveniles on Probation. Second, the improvements of the foster institution of Disposition No.6 will be searched. The necessity of the foster facilities and the usefulness of the social welfare approach will be identified through needs analysis of the inmates in facilities and interviews of workers ․ professionals. Newly formed community protective facilities are desperately requested. For instance, the support-centered institution is superior to protection-centered one, the cure-centered facilities are better than control-centered ones, and the linking service-centered institution is more desirable than the simple service-centered one. For these needs, at Chapter 5, the new Local-Linked Integrated Services Model is suggested as a improvement of the foster facilities to offer integrated services through linking with local resources.
As a result of the analysis of the operating features, the foster institution is giving great support to the juveniles on probation in the aspect of probation, correction, and indoctrination. However, there has been the large-scale overcrowding in the management of facilities, and their management system is too strict and closed, so they are not suitable for juveniles' trust. Moreover, the qualification examination and vocational training are conducted in the same way, and they don't have the system which the juveniles on probation can use conveniently, considering only suppliers' convenience. Of course, the foster institution offers various services and devotes itself to helping the juveniles, but it doesn't give enough help to realize the community probation and rehabilitate them because its role is small and it has limited resources. This fact can also be identified at a 65% high rate of repetition of an offense. To solve this problem, an offer of local-linked integrated services, a practice means of social welfare and desirable direction of integrated services, will be applied to the foster institution.
There is every reason to suggest so. If the foster institution can offer integrated services through organic relationships with local private organizations, the juveniles on probation will get great opportunities to be adaptable to community. The improvements of the foster facilities are as follows: The small-scale institution and its diversification, The activation of local-linking. In addition, to manage the foster institution effectively, the 'Group Home' model and presented. Above all, this study deals with, Strengthening of the case management, The activation of rehabilitation programs, The management of social enterprises for support of independence, and so on. Moreover, the related laws and the plans to improve a system are showed in order that the foster child welfare institution can offer integrated services easily.
Step-by-step intervention strategies are required to make the foster institution offer local-linked integrated services. In the first-stage, 'Systematization', the standard of classification is presented to classify juveniles who wait for fostering in facilities. At this stage, According to the seriousness of crimes, how the crimes can be classified and have grouping should be decided. In the second-stage, 'Practice Activities', the necessity of an introduction of programs is required in order to correct the juveniles on probation effectively and indoctrinate them. The third-stage is 'Fixing of Rehabilitation'. At this step, the aim of social integration can be achieved. For this, an introduction of programs for reactive protection is needed. To activate these programs for reactive protection, the plans for the case management are also required through home ․ community ․ juveniles on probation.
As the juveniles on probation readapt themselves to community, one of the biggest problems is the social discrimination or prejudice. It makes the juveniles have closed personality, and finally they get to run away from home and commit a second conviction. Therefore, under the strong support of the social welfare and the correctional administration, the foster institution should be able to help the juveniles readapt themselves to community without prejudice. The foster institution should also open facilities to community, and provide the foundation of an interchange to have new social relationships with one another.