중학생의 기질 및 성격특성과 학교부적응에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to examine depression and aspects of maladjustment to school, genetic Temperament characteristics, and acquired character traits of middle school students, and to prevent maladjustment to school by revealing effects of depression and maladjustment to school on genetic Temperament characteristics, and acquired character traits. In addition, through this, it would be suggested as basic materials that middle school students who are experiencing maladjustment to school can adapt to school life better.
To investigate the relationship between Temperament, character traits, depression and maladjustment to school of middle school students, it was analyzed materials on the subject of 205 students among total 601 students composed of male and female second year students of middle schools located in Jeollabuk-do by using school adaptive scale, depression scale, social desirability scale and JTCI (Junior Temperament and Character Inventory). As for the collected materials, it was used simple correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis: stepwise method with dependent variables as maladjustment to school and depression and independent variables as Temperament and character traits by getting correlation between Temperament, character traits, depression and maladjustment to school by using SPSS PC+18.0. The major results discovered in this study are as follows: First, in case of general middle school students, patience (P) and community sense (C) showed negative correlation with maladjustment to school, and pursuit of stimulation (NS) had positive correlation with maladjustment to school. Second, in case of middle school students who were maladjusted to school, patience (P) and autonomy (SD) showed negative correlation to maladjustment to school, and pursuit of stimulation (NS) was appeared as positive correlation to maladjustment to school. Third, in case of male middle school students, hazard aversion (HA) and autonomy (SD) were appeared negative correlation to maladjustment to school, and pursuit of stimulation (NS) was appeared as positive correlation to maladjustment to school. Fourth, in case of female middle school students, only patience (P) was appeared as negative correlation to maladjustment to school.
It was possible to know that in case of male middle school students, it is important that hazard aversion, pursuit of stimulation, and autonomy, and in case of female middle school students, patience is important. As for these results, this study corresponds to advanced researches, so it was possible to know that maladjustment to school of middle school students has very significant correlation with pursuit of stimulation (NS) in the aspect of Temperament. In addition, it could be very significant that patience (P) which is the acquired characteristic factor has negative correlation with maladjustment to school. It is seemed that though Temperament would not change easily, but through school education and counseling activities, in case of male middle school students, adaptation to school would be increased by training to control impulsiveness and increase proper anxiety and autonomy, and in case of female middle school students, it should be put emphasis more systematic training and practice by increasing patience, and it would be necessary for differentiated strategy of Temperament which has difference between men and women. This study has significance to reveal Temperament and characteristic factors as predicting variables of maladjustment to school empirically on the subject of second year middle school students.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성과 목적 1
• 2. 연구문제 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 5
• 1. 학교부적응의 개념 및 특성 5
• 1) 적응과 부적응 개념 5
• 2) 학교적응과 학교부적응 개념 6
• 3) 학교부적응 청소년의 특성 8
• 4) 학교부적응 청소년의 성차 9
• 5) 선행연구 고찰 10
• 2. 청소년기의 우울 11
• 1) 우울에 대한 개념 11
• 2) 청소년기 우울의 특징 12
• 3) 청소년기 우울의 유병률 14
• 4) 청소년기 우울에서의 성차 14
• 5) 선행연구 고찰 15
• 3. 기질 및 성격모델 16
• 1) 기질 및 성격모델의 개념 16
• 2) 기질 및 성격모델의 특성 18
• 3) 선행연구 고찰 20
• 4. 학교부적응, 청소년우울, 기질 및 성격특성과의 관계 21
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 25
• 1. 연구대상 25
• 2. 연구도구 27
• 1) 기질 및 성격검사-청소년용(JTCI) 27
• 2) 사회적 바람직성 척도 29
• 3) 우울 척도 29
• 4) 학교적응 척도 30
• 3. 연구절차 31
• 4. 자료처리 32
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 33
• 1. 일반 중학생의 기질 및 성격특성과 학교 부적응과의 상관 33
• 2. 학교부적응 중학생의 기질 및 성격특성과 학교 부적응과의 상관 35
• 1) 학교부적응 중학생의 기질 및 성격특성이 학교부적응에 미치는
• 영향 36
• 2) 남자 중학생의 기질 및 성격특성이 학교부적응에 미치는 영향 37
• 3) 여자 중학생의 기질 및 성격특성이 학교부적응에 미치는 영향 38
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 제언 39
• 참 고 문 헌 43
• 부 록 52
• ABSTRACT 57