This study was conducted to analyze the improvement and betterment process of the physical fitness, body composition, oxidative stress, and blood inflammatory index of the middle aged women after they had undergone the Korean dance training regularly....
This study was conducted to analyze the improvement and betterment process of the physical fitness, body composition, oxidative stress, and blood inflammatory index of the middle aged women after they had undergone the Korean dance training regularly. The exercise program used consisted of each 60 minutes Korean dance program, and was conducted for 12 weeks; in the pre?\/post training of Korean dance program, the physical fitness, body composition, blood lipid profile, and the indices of oxidative stress and blood inflammatory marker of the participants were measured. The subjects were 19 middle?\aged (40?C49) women who voluntarily participated in the Korean dance program; among them the group was divided into the exercise participant group who could participate in the Korean dance program for more than 60 minutes a day, three times per week and into the non?\participant group who couldn’t participate. All the measurements have been processed by the SPSS (ver. 17.0) program to derive the mean by the group and period, and the standard deviation; and the two?\way ANOVA with repeated measures by the group and period has been performed to analyze the significant differences for the test items. In case an interaction occurs among the main effects, the independent t?\test by the period between the groups and the paired t?\test by the group between the periods have been performed, with the statistical significance level p<.05.
The analysis results of this study are summarized as follows:
1. In the physical fitness effect, the sit?\up test has shown a significant difference (p<.05) by the group and by the period, while the back muscle strength, gripping power, and the trunk flexion forward tests have not shown any significant differences by the group and by the period, nor any significant interactive effects. However, the back muscle strength test has shown more significant (p<.05) increase in both groups after exercise than before exercise, and the trunk flexion forward test has shown a significant difference between the groups, while in the comparison by the periods and groups, the Korean dance group has shown a more significant increase than the control group in pre?\/post?\exercise respectively. In the maximum heart beats, maximal oxygen uptake, and the cognitive consciousness, no significant difference has been found by the groups and periods, while in the total exercise hours a significant (p<.05) difference has been found between the groups and periods. Especially in the total hours of exercise, the Korean dance group has shown a significant (p<.01) increase in the pre?\/post?\exercise effect while after the exercise there has been a significant (p<.05) difference between the two groups.
2. In the body composition, the Korean dance group has shown a more significant (p<.05) decrease of BMI after exercise than before exercise. The LBM and % body fat have all increased significantly after the exercise by the period in all groups, and the WHR also has decreased significantly in both of the two groups. In the analysis of body circumference, the chest (p<0.01) and other parts of the body shown a significant (p<0.001) difference by the period, while the hip circumference has shown a significant (p<0.01) by the group and by the period. Especially in the Korean dance group, the chest (p<0.01) and all other parts of the body have shown a significant (p<0.001) decrease of circumference, and in the control group also, the upper arm, hip circumference (p<0.05), and the circumferences of chest and waist (p<0.01) have all shown a significant decrease.
3. In the oxidative stress test, all the tests of IL?\6, TNF?\┒, and MPO in the comparison by the group and period have not shown any significant differences by the group and by the period, nor any significant interactive effects. In the Korean dance group, however, the IL?\6 test has shown a significant (p<.05) increase, and the MPO has shown a significant (p<.05) increase before the exercise in the control group. In the MDA test, both the Korean dance group and the control group have all shown a decrease after the exercise, but no significant statistical difference.
4. Regarding the blood inflammatory index, in the comparison by the group and period of the blood inflammatory tests, the tests of Glucose, Insulin, and CRP have not shown any significant differences by the group and by the period, nor any significant interactive effects.
Considering the above conclusions, the increase of the muscle power and flexibility in the physical fitness test shows that the Korean dance is a program that can improve the physical activities of the middle aged women, and the increase of the total exercise hours in the exercise load test shows that the Korean dance program verifies that the Korean dance program has improved their cardiovascular and respiratory function. In the tests of body composition and oxidative stress also, the application of the Korean dance program has brought positive effects, while the IL?\6 test has shown a significant change; it means that the exercise intensity of the Korean dance is above the mid intensity. Therefore, the Korean dance program could be effective for the middle aged women not only in the artistic point of view, but also from the perspective of sports item; in this regards, better quality?\wise exercise program of the Korean dance should continue to be developed. However, the concentration in the blood lipid profile has not shown any significant change, which is presumably due to the lack of appropriate diet control. In conclusion, it is considered that in order to get the positive effect of the Korean dance program, the reconfiguration of the program period and the appropriate control of diets and living habits is required, and besides at least six months of duration in exercise are required to bring about the expected practical effects.