The purpose of this study was to clarify empirically the relationship between job stress factors of public officials in charge of social welfare and organizational effectiveness focusing on the mediating effect of stress and the moderating effect of s...
The purpose of this study was to clarify empirically the relationship between job stress factors of public officials in charge of social welfare and organizational effectiveness focusing on the mediating effect of stress and the moderating effect of social support to elevate organizational effectiveness from the point of view of public officials in charge of social welfare, suppliers of the service, as well as residents, users of the service, and to test job stress theories, and to manage effectively job stress factors of public officials in charge of social welfare. This study examined preceding studies to adopt research questions, research model and 145 hypotheses. The questionnaire survey was conducted from July 2009 to early September 2009. The subjects were 742 public officials in charge of social welfare at Chungcheongbuk-do. SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0 were used to analyze the collected data.
In this study, the three research questions were:
Firstly, Do job stress factors of public officials in charge of social welfare, stress, social support and organizational effectiveness have any differences according to the demographic characteristics? (question 1)
Secondly, does the stress of public officials in charge of social welfare have mediating effect between job stress factors and organizational effectiveness? (question 2)
Thirdly, does the social support for public officials in charge of social welfare have moderating effect between job stress factors and organizational effectiveness? (question 3)
The findings were:
Firstly, this study examined differences of job stress factors according to the demographic characteristics. Not only job demand but also occupational culture had significant differences according to gender, and both job demand and lack of reward had significant differences according to job series, and job demand had significant difference according to service place. Not only the stress of internal symptom but also the stress of external symptom had significant differences according to gender, job series and service place. Social support had difference: Not only senior official's support but also fellow official's support had significant difference according to job series, and fellow official's support had significant difference according to service place. The organizational effectiveness had difference: Job satisfaction had significant difference according to gender, and job satisfaction, organizational commitment and customer performance had significant difference according to job series and service place.
Secondly, this study examined whether or not the stress had mediating effects between job stress factors and organizational effectiveness. All job stress factors such as Job demand, job control, relationship conflict, lack of reward and occupational culture had negative influence upon job satisfaction, organizational commitment and customer performance by the mediation of stress of internal symptom. And, job stress factors such as job demand, job control and lack of reward, had negative influence upon job satisfaction, organizational commitment, customer performance by the mediation of stress of external symptom. Job stress factors such as job demand, job control, relationship conflict and lack of reward had negative influence upon job satisfaction, while job stress factors such as job control, relationship conflict, lack of reward and occupational culture had negative influence upon organizational commitment. And, job stress factors such as job control, relationship conflict and lack of reward job had negative influence upon customer performance. Therefore, the stress of internal symptom had complete mediating effect between occupational culture and job satisfaction, and it had partial mediating effect between the other job stress factors and job satisfaction. The stress of internal symptom had complete mediating effect between job demand and organizational commitment, and it had partial mediating effect between the other job stress factors and organizational commitment. The stress of internal symptom had complete mediating effects between both job demand and occupational culture and customer performance, and it had partial mediating effects between job stress factors such as job control, relationship conflict and lack of reward and customer performance. And, the stress of external symptom had partial mediating effects between job stress factors such as job demand, job control and lack of reward and job satisfaction. The stress of external symptom had complete mediating effect between job demand and organizational commitment, and it had partial mediating effect between both job control and lack of reward and organizational commitment. The stress of external symptom had complete mediating effect between job demand and customer performance, and it had partial mediating effects between both job control and lack of reward and customer performance.
Thirdly, this study examined whether or not social support could moderate the relationship between job stress factors and organization effectiveness. At first, social supports from senior officials as well as fellow officials moderated the relationship between occupational culture and job satisfaction, and family support moderated the relationship between job control and job satisfaction. Social supports from senior officials as well as fellow officials moderated the relationships between both job demand and occupational culture and organizational commitment, while family support moderated the relationship between job control and organizational commitment. Senior officials' support moderated the relationship between job demand, relationship conflict and lack of reward and customer performance, while fellow officials' support moderated the relationship between job control and customer performance. Family support did not moderate the relationship between job stress factors and customer performance.
This study suggested theor